Research conclusions: This paper analyzes the limitations about the noise reduction coefficient and weighted sound reduction index stipulated in the current standard based on the spectrum characteristics and distribution range of railway sound source．ofrers the proposal that the noise reduction coefficient and weighted sound reduction index should be changed into sound absorption coefficient and transmission loss of different frequency based on related standards at home and abroad，discusses the deficiencies about the impact resistance and test method for acoustic elements of sound barrier material based on practicable railway sound barrier material，and gives the suggestions that there should be the different performance requirements and test methods for the different materials．