Research conclusions: Connecting with the main restraining factors to route location of hiish—speed railway，the route location principle concepts including geological location，priority site selection to major project，environment protection，planning，resource and Cross—section route location have been put forward in this paper，which emphasizes focusing on the major and free the minor while determining the alignment of railway，making a difference between key route and nonessential route，allocating the resources rationally to avoid waste．In route alternative，investment should be strictly controlled but not the sole factor taken into account．None but the route scheme with proper investment and optimization of social comprehensive benefit shall be optimal scheme．