Research conclusions:(1)The Qinghai-Tibet Railway sand disaster mainly distributes in the river and lake along the railway line，serious development time is the annual November to May next year. (2)Sand material mainly comes from the loose surface particles and fluvial lacustrine sediments of grassland degradation.(3)On the basis of a large number of data analysis and laboratory test，put forward several prevention measures about sand disasters. According to the guiding principle of“the distance to stop，near the fixed，comprehensive protection"，put forward targeted prevention mode of river courser sand disaster, degraded grassland disaster and lakeshore sand disaster prevention mode. (4)The research results have been successfully applied to the Qinghai-Tibet Railway prevention of sand damage system and prevention of sand damage effect significantly , which gives a good benefit to the similar construction projects.