Research conclusions:(1)The main geological problems of the Lanzhou rail transit included the stability of the surrounding rock, the engineering water disaster, the seepage deformation, the engineering ponding after completion of the tunnel construction and the foundation settlement. (2)The various engineering problems faced in construction of the Lanzhou rail transit could be overcome or controlled by making the reasonable design scheme and taking the corresponding construction measures, such as using the New Austrian Tunneling Method, the shield tunneling method, the open cut method, the top-down method, the underground diaphragm wall and the isolation piles etc. (3) The various technical means should be used for the geotechnical survey for the rail transit. Besides, the routine geotechnical mechanics parameters should be well known, the parameters like the resistivity and foundation bed coefficient should also be considered. In addition, the differential and corresponding surveys should be conducted for the different construction methods. (4)This study results can be applied in treatment of the engineering geological problems in construction of rail transit.