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2008 Vol. 25, No. 5
Published: 2008-05-15
1
Influence of Tilted Foundation Rock on the Subsidence of Flexible Strip Foundation
LIU Xiao-Xi, WANG Xu, LIU Gou-zhong
Research purposes: The researches are done on the computing methods of the total subsidence volume and uneven subsidence volume of flexible strip foundation on tilted foundation for the purpose of reducing uneven subsidence.
Research conclusions: (1)The influence of tilted foundation rock on the subsidence of flexible strip foundation changes with the change of ground surface, the influence on central area of the foundation is the smallest. When the gradient of foundation rock is leas than 450,the influence on uneven subsidence by tilted foundation rock is notable.(2)The proposed values of subsidence influencing coefficient and uneven subsidence influencing coefficient under effects of tilted foundation rock can be used for calculation of the subsidence of flexible strip foundation for embankment and it also can be used for calculation of subsidence of the compacted soil on the bottom under vertical strip load of foundation rock. ( 3 ) The research on this field should be strengthened for keeping mistaken design of flexible foundation away because of neglecting the uneven subsidence of foundation caused by tilted foundation rock.
2008 Vol. 25 (5): 1-4 [
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2631
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5
Inversion of Mechanical Parameters of Squeezing Soft Rock and Identification of Rheological Model
ZHAO Xu-feng,SUN Jun
Research purposes: Rational mechanics parameter of squeezing rocks is very important for understanding the mechanical characteristic of rocks and improving the reliability of numerical simulation. Based on the displacement time series from field monitoring, rheological parameter of rocks were obtained with numerical inversion analysis method, and visco-elastic constitutive model for squeezing rocks were identified in this paper. Rational constitutive model and rheological parameter can be provided for stability analysis of tunnel in squeezing ground.
Research conclusions: A method for identification of Theological model and inversion of mechanical parameters was proposed. This proposed method is based on the theories of rock mechanics and on-site measurement, which can be as the bridge linking the theory with practice.
2008 Vol. 25 (5): 5-8 [
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2536
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9
Study on the Basalt Distribution and Its Influencing on Construction of Zhangdian - Jining Railway
YU GUO-xin, CHAI TANG-yan
Research purposes: This paper discusses the basalt's mechanism to influence railway construction, analyses the influencing way and extent of basalt and makes the proposals to construction measures for the purposes of bringing more attention to the influence of basalt and providing the reference to design and construction of other railways.
Research Conclusions: Basalt often contains soil, sand and clay, and sandstone and its thickness and location often change. The rock-fall generally happens on braes of counter-layer. The different locations of basalt in embankment produce different influence results; The more shallow under the road is, the more favorable for the slope stability is. The basalt under bridge foundation increases design complexity and if is around tunnel, the stability of tunnel wall can be enhanced.
2008 Vol. 25 (5): 9-13 [
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2513
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14
Discussion on the Treatment of Geological disaster of Fragmentary Flows (Slack) for Lenglongling Tunnel
CHAI Hai-lou
Research purposes: Based on the construction practice in Lenglongling Tunnel, the analysis of how to deal with the geological disaster of fragmentary flows(slack ) in tunneling are made for the purpose of providing technical support for construction.
Research conclusions: (1)The deep hole grouting along with large pipe roof construction method is feasible for dealing with geological disaster of fragmentary flows(slack ),which can compact and cement the rock to enhance the mechanic property and at the same time , the large pipe roof can form a bearing anchor along with rock. ( 2 ) The more attention should be paid to the sketch for the geological disaster area. ( 3 ) The more attention should be paid to the details of the construction techniques; The excavation length is not allowed to exceed the design length, the grouting-stopping wall on bottom should be designed of stepped gear type and the wall seam should be closured with concrete. ( 4 ) The more attention should be paid to drainage in disaster area. For draining the water, the methods of drainage and blocking can be used.
2008 Vol. 25 (5): 14-19 [
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2563
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20
Analysis of Seismic Resistance of Didang Xincheng Shielding Structure in Shaoxing on Xiaoshan-Ningbo Railway
LI Tao
Research purposes : The analysis of seismic response of the first railway shielding structure in China is made and the finite element model is established for the shielding structure to calculate the dynamic characteristic. By the response spectrum method, the seismic responses under different foundation and thickness of the top soil are analyzed for the purpose of guiding engineering design and construction.
Research conclusions:(1)When horizontal earthquake happens, the integral structure will show notable seismic effect which should be taken into account in structure design. ( 2 ) The weight of the soil on the top of sideward opening of structure is the main reason for creating seismic effect, so it is necessary to reduce it by tilting the top plate in the sideward opening to enhance the capacity of seismic resistance.
2008 Vol. 25 (5): 20-22 [
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2542
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23
Field Test and Numerical Analysis of Environment Vibration Induced by Viaduct Track System
LIU Qing-jie, LEI Xiao-yon, XU Shi-qiang, Lv Shao-di
Research purposes :The research is done on the characteristics of ground vibration induced by viaduct track system.
Research conclusions: (1)The results show the group response relates to the characteristics of frequency dispersion under the effects of point load, that is the low frequency vibration wave is attenuated mare slowly than high frequency vibration wave and when the vibration frequency is close to the main ground frequency, the ground vibration becomes large. (2)In numerical calculation, Rayleigh damping can simulate the ground damping characteristics well and its parameters can be decided with calculation.
2008 Vol. 25 (5): 23-29 [
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30
Research on Temperature Effect on the Structure of Slab Ballastless Track SHI Xian-feng1,LI Jian-bin2
SHI Xian-feng,LI Jian-bin
Research purposes: Based on the theory of heat transferring, with the finite-element analysis method and software ABAQUS, the simulation calculation of temperature effect on slab ballastlesa track is carried out and the analyses of the influences of the different supporting foundations and different width and thickness of slab on temperature effects to ballastless track are made for the purpose of providing the basis for the structure design of ballastless track.
Research conclusions: (1)The relation between the change of difference in temperature and the structural transmutation is not linear. The higher the temperature is , the larger the change range of structural transmutation becomes. ( 2 ) The stresses in slab caused by difference in temperature on the rigid foundation are much bigger than that on the elastic foundation, but the slab's maximal difference in vertical displacement on the rigid foundation is less than that on the elastic foundation. ( 3 ) On the assumed condition of same lapse rate, the deformations in slab increase with the increase of the thickness and width of slab.
2008 Vol. 25 (5): 30-32 [
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2573
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33
Study on Three-dimensional Strict Adjustment Method of Space Resection for Precise Positioning Track
ZHANG Zhong-liang,YANG You-tao,LIU Cheng-long
Research purposes : The existing computation process of three-dimensional coordinate determination of space resection for track adjustment is made in the way of separating planar with elevation determination, which is not theoretically strict, so the study is done in this paper on this issue.
Research conclusions: The improved mathematical model is established on the base of slope-distance, horizontal direction and zenith angle as observations collected by free stationing of total station. The testing data shows that the model is effective and reliable and with this method the accuracy of track positioning can be greatly improved and the regularity of track can be enhanced, so the research result can be widely used in ballastless track adjustment.
2008 Vol. 25 (5): 33-36 [
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2550
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37
Application of Curve Parallel Arrangement Method in Multiple Tracks Bridge
SONG Yun-can
Research purposes:Curve parallel arrangement method is a commonly used method for design of railway bridge, especially for the curve bridge crossing highway and river, but is generally used far small span bridge, so the research is done in this paper on application of this method in large span curve bridge for the purpose of enlarging the application scope of this method based on the example.
Research conclusions: The application of curve parallel arrangement method in curve bridge, especially in small curve bridge reflects the bridge arrangement advantages of having overpass condition and ship passing requirement, but when application of the calculation mode of curve bridge parallel arrangement for the multiple-span small curve railway bridge, the bridge seam may exceed 30cm or be less than that of design, so it is necessary to adjust the seam according to the real situation. The experience and calculation process of Yongding River Bridge can be learnt for design of other curve bridge with curve parallel arrangement method.
2008 Vol. 25 (5): 37-41 [
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2558
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42
The Design and Construction for Extra-large Stone Arch Bridge
YUAN Ping-rong
Research purposes: The stone arch bridge is one of basic type for traditional bridge in our country, which has centuries-old history. Characteristics of the ecumenicial stone arch bridge are not too long-span, shapely and using local materials with cheap cost. Centering structure is the key of entire engineering success in the construction of extra-large stone arch bridge located at cliffy coulee of mountain area.
Research results: In this paper , assembling centering structure of one extra-large stone arch bridge with 74 m height and 146 m span is introduced. Its superstructure is made切using military girder and the universal rods, and substructure is the timber arch cap. It is proved that the design for the steel-timber supporting frame is reasonable and applicable. The entire processes of building arch and removing arch accord with the design request, the engineering quality is pledged. This method can offer the readers important references of the all supporting frame for large type structures construction.
2008 Vol. 25 (5): 42-45 [
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2478
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46
Discussion on the Measurement Method of Tensile Value of Prestressed Steel Strand
WANG Jing-hua
Research purposes: The discussion is made on the measurement method of prestressed steel strand and the summaries are made on calculation of tensile value of prestressed steel strand, the measurement of anchorage rebound volume and its influence on the tensile value for the purpose of providing an effective and mature method of measuring tensile value of prestressed steel strand.
Research conclusions : (1)The tensile value and measured anchorage rebound volume made from the method presented in this paper satisfy the requirements of stressed steel bar for manufacture and tension. ( 2 ) When the tension comes to the end, the measured outcome of top anchor degree conforms to that of design, so this method can be used for calculation and measurement of prestressed tensile of steel strand.(3)When the steel strand is tensioned for several times, the tensile volume of each time should be accumulated and when calculation of the tensile volume, the working length of the jack should be subtracted.
2008 Vol. 25 (5): 46-48 [
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2534
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49
Design and Construction of Support for Excavation of Foundation Pit for Pile Cap of Cable-stayed Bridge under High Ground Water Level
CHEN Jun
Research purposes: During the process of traditional excavation of support for big foundation pit, the contraction happens between the construction method and the narrow construction apace of the pile cap of cable-stayed bridge. Therefore, a reasonable and feasible construction method-SMW Construction Method is presented for the purpose of overcoming such contradiction. And based on the construction practice, this paper summarizes the application of SMW method in excavation of foundation near existing railway line.
Research conclusions: During the process of excavation of big foundation pit, the form of support for foundation pit can be flexible according to the construction conditions, and the order of the construction can be adjusted to make the construction method suitable for special construction conditions. The construction period with SMW method is shorter than those with other methods, the waste soil to be transferred is less than that with underground continuous wall, SMW method is an optional method for construction of support for foundation pit with the features of low requirement of construction space, low construction cost.
2008 Vol. 25 (5): 49-52 [
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53
Study on and Determination of Water Pressure of the Karst Tunnel
ZHANG Min-qing,HUANG Hong-jian,MIAO De-hai, TIAN Si-ming
Research purposes:Based on the real measurements of water pressures of the tunnels on Chongqing- Huaihua Railway and Yichang-Wanzhou Railway, the researches are done on the effect factors and calculation formula for the original water pressure of the karat tunnel as well as on influence of rainfall on the water pressure. Based on the monitored values of water pressure, the curve of the water pressure is mapped and the analysis of its characteristics is made. The proposals are made for conducting secondary lining against the water pressure after making analysis of the water pressure after grouting.
Research conclusions: The water pressure of the karat tunnel relates to the basic elevation of drainage facilities on the up and bottom and their drainage capacity, so the water pressure can not be determined by deducting the coefficient. The water pressure has responds to the rainfall. The boosting test of the water pressure after drainage can reflect the karat geometrical figure. The design of secondary lining structure should be made according to the geological conditions, original water pressure and grouting effects.
2008 Vol. 25 (5): 53-58 [
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2564
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59
Ground Settlement Induced by Shield Construction of Wuhan Yangtze River Tunnel
LI Guo-cheng,DING Lie-yun
Research purposes: Ground movement easily occurs in the construction process of shielding tunnel, resulting in disturbing the surrounding buildings and pipelines, so it is significant for accurate predicting the ground settlement induced by shield construction of Wuhan Yangtze River tunnel to protect the surrounding buildings and pipelines.
Research conclusions:The result indicates that ground settlement would not change largely in the area of 40 meters behind the cutting face along the tunnel axial, and when the ground loss rate is less than 2. 0%,ground settlement induced by soil plastic deformation is of small percentage to the total settlement value.
2008 Vol. 25 (5): 59-62 [
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2726
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63
Study on the Longitudinal Rigidity of Segment Lining of Shield Tunnel
LI Wei
Research purposes: When a shield tunnel traverses the section with different geological conditions or surface buildings , longitudinal deformation and internal forces for segment lining will be produced. So , longitudinal mechanical problems of the shield tunnel must be considered in design of the segment lining.
Research conclusions: (1) The theoretical formula of equivalent rigidity coefficients for tension, shearing and bending is , X referring to tension, shearing and bending. (2) The equivalent rigidity coefficient of the segment lining of the shield tunnel in a single subway on the longitudinal bending is 0. 05 obtained with FEM ( finite element method ).
2008 Vol. 25 (5): 63-65 [
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2561
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66
Discussion on the Construction Scheme of Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel Crossing Seabed Fault Zone
ZHANG Jian-bin
Research purposes: Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel is needed to cross the seabed fault zone, but a little survey geological data are obtained because of the means limitation of engineering survey. The construction of seabed tunnel is conducted under conditions of seawater, water bursting passage(fault crack),hydraulic pressure and construction disturbance, so the collapse and water bursting will happen if there is any carelessness in the construction, resulting in disaster outcome. Therefore, working out the feasible construction scheme is very important.
Research conclusions: (1)The geological forecast in advance should be done to seek the location, feature, scale and connectivity to the sea of the fault zone for the construction. ( 2 ) Drapery grouting for reinforcing seabed tunnel is the key technique which is important to the success of the work. ( 3 ) Installation of waterproof gate as the last waterproof measure is the most important safe measure. (4) Working out the emergence scheme is very necessary for ensuring the safety of the tunnel construction.
2008 Vol. 25 (5): 66-71 [
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2535
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72
Research on the Mechanical Behavior of Shield Tunnel Approaching Pile Foundation of Pier Nearby
XIN Zhen-xing
Research purposes : The theory of shield tunnel approaching pier nearby is not yet mature in China and there are a little construction practices to be followed, so it is necessary to do the research on this field for the purpose of seeking the mechanical behavior of shield tunnel approaching pile foundation of pier nearby and the effective reinforcing measures.
Research conclusions: When the shield tunnel approaches to pile foundation of piers nearby, two-pile piers will incline in reverse direction if the distance between the shield and piers is less than the radius of tunnel, which will result in increase of the volumes of the secondary and synchronous grouting to some extent. In this case, reinforcing the soil between the shield and outside piles in advance is a safe and economic way.
2008 Vol. 25 (5): 72-75 [
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2574
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76
Research on the Construction Technology for Excavation of Metro Tunnel Crossing Bridge and River
WU Bo
Research purposes: The construction is difficult and its risk is high in safety when excavation of metro tunnel crossing bridge and river is conducted. At present, there is a little experience to learn, so it is significant to do research on the construction technology for it for the purpose of ensuring the construction safety.
Research conclusions: The following measures are adopted in order to ensure construction safety : the waterproof blanket is laid on the river bottom, the stratum water is dried by precipitation in advance, the bridge response is predicted with 3D seepage and stress coupled numerical analysis method, the tunnel reinforcing schemes are compared, and the space-time effect of bridge foundation is evaluated by 3D FEM. It shows after taking these measures, the max settlement of bridge foundation is 34. 7 mm, and the max differential settlement is 6. 2 mm. The construction practice proves this construction scheme is reliable and safe, which can provide the reference to similar construction.
2008 Vol. 25 (5): 76-79 [
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2544
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80
Research on the Application of Anti-stripping Agents in High Elevation Cold Areas
LI Zhi-wei,DING Hao
Research purposes: The tests are done for selection of the anti-stripping agent type and weight ratio of anti-stripping agent with asphalt so as to decide applying which kind of anti-stripping agent and seeking the most optimum blend ratio of anti-stripping agent for the purposes of applying the acidic stone in asphalt concrete pavement in high elevation cold area in Qinghai which is rich in acidic stone and making its adhesive with asphalt meeting the requirements.
Research conclusions : It is decided to use type A and B anti-stripping agents after doing the tests. When the blend ratio is 0. 4%,the adhesive of acidic stone with asphalt is the best, which can improve the asphalt concrete soil's capacity against water and stability at high temperature. The result of test in experimental section shows all property indexes satisfy the requirements.
2008 Vol. 25 (5): 80-83 [
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2573
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84
Analyses of Working out the Construction Enterprise's Strategy and Its Key Implementation Points
WANG Xi-jun,WANG Meng-jun
Research purposes : In order to improve Chinese construction enterprises' competition capacity and come true the long-term , sustainable and stable development , the studies are done on the issues of scientific working out Chinese construction enterprises' strategy and how to effectively implement it.
Research conclusions: In the course of managing the strategy, it is necessary to make a summary of experience, study the present situation and predict future. The deep discussions are made on the knowledge on enterprise strategy, analyzing the enterprise resources and core capabilities so as to select the most scientific and practical strategy for getting rid of a one-sided approach and wrong decision-making, with which the Chinese construction enterprises' competition capacity can be improved over the world and the enterprise can make stable and sustainable development.
2008 Vol. 25 (5): 84-88 [
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2527
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89
Study on Method of Predicting the Traffic Volume of Railway Passenger Dedicated Line
REN Min
Research purposes: Predicting traffic volume is the important base for making a proposal to construction of railway passenger dedicated line and it is also the important base for making evaluation of the economic benefits of the line, so it is necessary to do the research on the method of establishing model for predicting the traffic volume of passenger dedicated line for the purpose of guiding construction of passenger dedicated line.
Research conclusions: Predicting the base-line traffic volume of the other traffic mode competing with the passenger dedicated line is the base of prediction of transfer traffic volume. General speaking, the base-line traffic volume is predicted with regression analysis method and extensive prediction method. The transfer traffic volume can be predicted by adopting time value model and the induced traffic volume can be predicted with the differential form of gravitation model. The predicted traffic volume of passenger dedicated line should be the sum of transfer traffic volume and induced traffic volume and based on which the density of the passenger flow in the different sections can be calculated, so this method can be used for prediction of traffic volume of passenger dedicated line.
2008 Vol. 25 (5): 89-92 [
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93
Analyses of Construction Organization Design for Passenger Dedicated Line
ZHOU Yu
Research purposes: The construction organization design for passenger dedicated line should be made well according to the construction characteristics and difficulties, the guiding principle for the construction organization design and the main construction methods and means for the purposes of enhancing the comprehensive benefits and optimizing integral construction.
Research conclusions: Construction of passenger dedicated line is a complicated construction with lots of think to do, it is necessary to make plan in advance. The construction organization design should be made well based on the main technical characteristics for passenger dedicated line and following the principles of integration, optimization and modelization to avoid the blindness and confusion in construction, shorten construction period, ensure safe and high qualified construction, improve efficiency and reduce costs.
2008 Vol. 25 (5): 93-96 [
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97
Discussion on the Scientific and Technical Information Work of Construction Enterprise
CHEN Qi-ting
Research purposes: This paper demonstrates the significance of scientific and technical information work to construction enterprise, analyses and sums up the characteristic of the scientific and technical information work at different stages and shows how to do the work well for the purpose of providing the technical service for construction in time.
Research conclusions: The scientific and technical information is modern enterprise's economic resources and unbodied wealth , and it can provide the supports to the construction technology and decision-making. For this reason, collection of scientific and technical information should have characteristics of reality, timeliness and applicability, its analysis should show flexibility, and transmission and utilization of the information should be quick in response with using the modern methods and means.
2008 Vol. 25 (5): 97-100 [
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2464
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