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2008 Vol. 25, No. 1
Published: 2008-01-15
1
Adhere to Scientific and Technological Innovation to Provide Technical Support for Better and Faster Development of Railway Construction
LU Chun-fang
The comprehensive summaries are made for the main achievements in scientific and technical innovation of railway construction since the 16th C. P. C. conference and the analyses are made for the basic experiences of them in this paper. It is pointed out in this paper Ministry of Railways has achieved unprecedented successes since the 16th C. P. C. conference, with adhering to the strategies of aiming at the world's first class level with making full use of sequent favourable factor; taking railway self-innovative road with original innovation; integrated innovation and re-innovation based on introduction and absorption, jointly tackling the key technical problems with the scientific and technological innovation mode under the leadership of MOR and powering the railway with bringing up highly qualified talent teams for railway's scientific and technical innovation. Now Chinese railway has reaches at the world's first class level in the technologies of construction of plateau railway, speed-raise on existing line and heavy haul traffic. In addition, the main breakthroughs have been made in construction technologies of passenger dedicated line, the main technical-innovations have made in design and construction of main passenger station, large-sized bridge, extreme long tunnel and special subgrade; the main progresses have been made in modernization of rolling stock, the technology and equipment have been improved much for signalling, communication, IT and safety; and the concept and technology of environmental protection have been more advanced. All these provide the powerful technical support for improving, scientific and technical level of railway construction, speeding the process of modernization of railway construction and strengthening the railway service to social and economic developments. The way of improving railway scientific and technological innovation in future is also pointed out. All these views are worth studying for the construction industry so as to make clear the working thoughts and targets in future.
2008 Vol. 25 (1): 1-7 [
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8
Study on Decision-making Technology for Railway Construction Environmental Supervision Based on GIS
LIU Xin-ke, WU Xiao-ping, LI Song-zhen
Research purposes: The environmental supervision is an effective mechanism of environment protection for railway construction, and the railway construction environmental supervision involves a great amount of statistical data and relevant information. In order to enhance working efficiency and quality of railway construction environmental supervision, it is necessary to research and design Railway Construction Environmental Supervision Decision-making Support System (RCESDSS).
Research conclusions: The core technology of the RCESDSS is the integration of GIS with DSS along with experiences of railway construction environmental supervision and the environment protection technology of railway. In this way, the RCESDSS can process the feature-spatial data and has powerful decision-making support function. The establishment of this system can provide visual decision-making support for environmental supervisor.
2008 Vol. 25 (1): 8-10 [
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4899
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11
SAR Interferometry Technology and its Application in Railway Construction
TAN Qu-lin, YANG Song-lin, WEI Qing-chao
Research purposes: In the paper, the instruction is given to the principle, data acquirement geometry and data processing flowchart of SAR interferometry, including elevation measurement interferometry and deformation measurement differential interferometry. The comparison is made for technology with other digital elevation model generation methods. The application potentialities of radar differential interferometry to railway geologic disaster and roadbed deformation monitoring of Qinghai-Tibet Railway in permafrost zone are analyzed.
Research conclusions: (1) SAR interferometry has some unique advantages, and is suitable for the DEM with various range, high precision and high resolution. (2) The technology has huge application potentiality for railway survey and design, railway geologic disaster and roadbed deformation monitoring of Qinghai-Tibet Railway in permafrost zone.
2008 Vol. 25 (1): 11-16 [
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17
Research on the Influence of Climate on Distribution of Wind-force Monitoring Spots of Windbreak System
DU Guang-yu, LI Qian-she
Research purposes: Strong winds have its own characteristics under different climate conditions. The methods of how to distribute the windbreak monitoring spots and optimise the performances of the windbreak system in design of railway windbreak system are demonstrated in this paper according to the different strong winds characteristics.
Research conclusions: The different statistics methods are needed to calculate the distribution of wind-force monitoring spots according to the different climate conditions. To monsoon climate, the extremal I distribution should be taken as the basis, to typhoon climate, the Peason III distribution should be taken as the basis, and to mixed climate, first of all, the dominant climate should be determined, then the relative statistics method should be selected.
2008 Vol. 25 (1): 17-21 [
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2542
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22
Research on Geological Route Selection in Valley Zone between Semai-Dazhuca of Lhasa-Rikaze Railway
LI Jin-Cheng
Research purposes: Through making analyses of the landform and geological conditions in the valley zone, the principle of route selection is decided for the purpose of providing basis for the route selection.
Research results: The geological route selection between Semai-Dazhuca of Lhasa-Rikaze Railway has the features of route selection in plateau mountain and valley area, so it is necessary to take the unique geographic environment and climate characteristics into account in route selection. Through making analyses and doing researches, one safe, rational and feasible route program is selected, which can save much construction cost.
2008 Vol. 25 (1): 22-25 [
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26
The Technology of Treating Karst for Yichang-Wanzhou Railway and Its Engineering Example
ZHANG Min-qing, HUANG Hong-jian, MIAO De-hai, TIAN Si-ming
Research purposes: Yichang-Wanzhou railway is the railway in the mostly developed karst area. There are 159 tunnels on the railway line, which covers 59% of total line length and most of them are in the area of carbonate rock stratum with karst and rich karst water. Therefore, it will make big influences on the safe construction of tunnels and tunnels' operation in future.
Research Conclusions: The karsts encountered in the construction can be divided into four types according to the engineering-geological, characteristics, namely cave type, fluid bowl type, pipe type and large-sized karsts, and they can be divided further according to the hydro-geological characteristics, namely free filling type, semi-filling type, filling type, flow type, overflow type and underground river type. For the kasrst cave, the reinforcing measures of filling, refilling and grouting can be taken, for fluid bowl, the reinforcing measures of filling guard arch, supporting the excavated area and grouting can be taken , for the karst pipe, the reinforcing measures of filling guard arch, drainage in advance, grouting; support with large pipe shed and remaining the existing drainage system can be taken, and for large-sized karst; the reinforcing measures of filling guard arch; grouting and support with large pipe shed can be taken for the upper and steel pipe pile, slab and beam crossing the tunnel; cap of pile trestle and filling subgrade can be taken for the bottom.
2008 Vol. 25 (1): 26-36 [
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37
Research on Application of TSP Detection Technology in Geological Forecast in Advance for Construction of Railway Tunnel
ZHOU Li-ming, LIU Tian-you, LIU Jiang-Ping, XIAO Guo-qiang
Research purposes: The geological disasters of collapse, water bursting and roof falling often occur in construction of railway tunnel because of unclear geological condition, so it is very necessary to do the researches on the methods of geological forecast in advance and on the basic principle and engineering application of TSP203 System that is one of main means for geological forecast.
Research conclusions: It is proposed that in the geological forecast in advance for tunnel, TSP203 System should be taken as principal means along with other geophysical prospecting methods, geological sketch in details and level drilling in advance #ox supplementing and verifying each other.
2008 Vol. 25 (1): 37-40 [
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41
Preliminarily Discussion on the Operation and Maintenance of Railway Subgrade in Permafrost Region of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
NIU Dong-xing, NIU Huai-jun
Research purposes: Aiming at the Qinghai-Tibet railway's special plateau geology, geography and hydrologic condition, subgrade state and so on, this paper analyses the possibility of the Qinghai-Tibet railway occurring subgrade disease and the permafrost phenomena which can cause subgrade anamorphosis.
Research results: The paper extractes the characteristics of the railway disease in permafrost region. And according to the particularity of the plateau permafrost, the paper extractes corresponding subgrade maintaining measure and maintenance contents. Considering the peculiarity of the plateau permafrost, we put forward emergency measures for some subgrade diseases. At last, the paper advances corresponding suggestions about the railway subgrade's conserving measures of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau permafrost region.
2008 Vol. 25 (1): 41-43 [
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44
The Method of Generally Differential Compensative Load for Scatteredload Anchor Rope
ZHENG Jing, ZHU Ben-zhen
Research purposes: The purposes are to do researches on the theory and method of determining differential compensative load for scatteredload anchor rope in the course of tension.
Research conclusions: The method of generally determining differential compensative load for scatteredload anchor rope in the course of tension presented in this paper is suitable for all kinds of seatteredload anchor rope with a perfect applicability. Before the anchor rope is tensioned integrally, the anchor rods of each unit can be stressed evenly by tensioning all anchor rods to design tension loads after compensatively tensioning all anchor ropes of each unit in order from beginning with long anchor rope unit at bottom. The anchorage stress on the anchor zone after the anchor rope is tensioned is close to the design anchorage stress with consideration of, the deformation of anchor rod of each unit under condition of friction.
2008 Vol. 25 (1): 44-47 [
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48
Research on the Test of Vegetation Recover in Summit Area of Tanggula Mountain along Qinghai-Tibet Railway
CHEN Peng, JI Wei-sheng
Research purposes: The researches ere done on the vegetative propogation law of little wormwood in the summit area of Tanggula Mountain along Qinghai-Tibet Railway for the purpose of guiding the vegetation recover in the course of construction of Qinghai-Tibet Railway.
Research results: The manually auxiliary maintenance should be done to the transplanted turf, which is helpful for the turf's growth. The basically same outcome can be obtained as that from integrally transplant by transplanting the 15cm upper part of turf. The 15cm-17cm interval between turfs is the most favourable for the turf's growth, because turf has a perfect growing capacity. The research outcome has been applied in the environment recover project for Qinghai-Tibet Railway, which has brought about remarkable social and economic benefits.
2008 Vol. 25 (1): 48-52 [
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2507
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53
Monitoring and Analysis of Reinforcing High Side Slope of Highway with Prestressed
HAN Kan
Research purposes: To reinforce high side slope of highway with prestressed anchor belongs to concealed work that relates to the safety of highway. There are lots of factors influencing the anchoring effects, so it is very important to monitor the reinforcement with prestressed anchor in place.
Research results: In this paper, the explanation is given to the working principle of anchor wire dynamic meter and the analyses of the change characteristics and loose of anchoring prestress in the cause of prestressed anchor wire dynamic meter being tensioned and after it being locked so as to show the effects of anchor wire dynamic meter in anchor wire engineering and monitoring reinforcement of side slope.
2008 Vol. 25 (1): 53-56 [
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57
Analysis of Track Irregularity with Wavelets Analysis Theory
CHEN Xian-mai, WANG Lan, TAO Xia-xin, CUI Gao-hang
Research purposes: The non-stationary signal process method-wavelet method can be used to analyze the waveforms of local track irregularities and power spectrum density of track irregularities and identify the ill track recognition for the purpose of learning more about the track irregularity.
Research results: The analytical results show that the regular waveforms in track random irregularities, such as sine wave and triangular wave, could be identified with wavelet method. The high frequency defects on local rail could be checked better with wavelet method. Thought wavelet, the obvious track irregularities (characteristic track irregularities) in every range wavelength could be recognized, which is helpful for making more analysis of these track irregularities. So, analysis of track irregularities from the time-frequency point of view with wavelets is a new technical method for guaranteeing the safe running of railway.
2008 Vol. 25 (1): 57-61 [
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62
Analysis of Extreme Large Water Bursting in Area of DK 406+422 at Bieyancao Tunnel Exit of Yichang-Wanzhou Railway
DENG Yi-ming
Research purposes: The analyses of the forming conditions and cause for the extreme large water bursting in the area of DK 406+422 are made for the purpose of taking the effective treatment measures.
Research Conclusions: From the analyses of this extremely large water bursting, it can be seen it is suitable for draining the water in dissolved chamber connecting with underground river, but not for blocking it. Sluice culvert can be used if the water is large. It is proposed the sluice culvert of about 400m can be excavated at the outside of the tunnel, which has the same effects as Mengping Underground River. In this way, there is no bad influence on environment and the water height can be lowered, which can guarantee safe construction of tunnel and eliminate the latent danger. It is also proposed cap of pile trestle can be used for the dissolved chamber crossing tunnel with plate arch because the rocks around the chamber are complete with good stability and width of 11m.
2008 Vol. 25 (1): 62-65 [
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66
Research on the Factors Influencing Flexural Rigidity of Duct Piece Joint of Shield Tunnel
SUN Wen-hao, JIAO Qi--zhu, LAN Yu
Research purposes: The purposes are to deduce the calculation formula for flexural rigidity of duct piece joint of shield tunnel and do the research on the change regularity of the different factors influencing the flexural rigidity of duct piece joint.
Research conclusions: The effective highness and eccentricity of the contacting face of duct piece joint have big influences on flexural rigidity of duct piece joint, so it is an effective way to change the structure size for adjusting flexural rigidity of duct piece joint in design of duct piece structure.
2008 Vol. 25 (1): 66-71 [
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72
Start Tunnelling Method of Tunnel with Big Cross Section Cutting Face
ZHOU Shu-wing, RFN Zheng-lu
Research purposes: The summaries of start tunneling methods of tunnel with big cross section and cutting face in bad strata conditions are made for the purpose of how to solve the problems related to the key construction procedure so as to provide the reference to such construction.
Research results: It is necessary to take the different construction auxiliary measures from those for construction of tunnel main portal because of complicated landform of tunnel face, bad geological conditions and complicated stressed status of structure when the start tunneling is conducted for the tunnel with big cross section and cutting face. Some commonly used methods for start tunneling are presented, such as big pipe shed method, spreading cut and cover tunneling method, little pilot hole reverse construction method and counter pressure on strata method, and the analyses of start tunneling of the tunnel with big cross section and cutting face are made in combination with the construction practice in this paper.
2008 Vol. 25 (1): 72-75 [
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Analysis of Seismic Response to the Metro Tunnel in Saturated Sand-soil Area
ZHANG Chang-tai, ZHANG Yu-fang
Research purposes: The purpose of bringing the multi-yield surface model into the soil mass dynamic finite element calculations is to verify its rationality and validity through the construction practice.
Research conclusions: The multi-yield surface model has its popularity and flexibility to describe the characteristic of the soil mass and the previous calculation with the multi-yield surface model fovoured safety.
2008 Vol. 25 (1): 76-80 [
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81
Construction Program of Catenary Suspension in Low Headroom Tunnel in Integrated Ballastless Track Experimental Section of Suining-Chongqing Railway
HUANG He
Research purposes: The discussion and exploration are made on the catenary suspension way for low headroom tunnel in integrated ballastless track experimental section of Suining-Chongqing Railway and the reliable and feasible program is presented for the catenary suspension way for such low headroom tunnel.
Research conclusions: The key points of suspension in low headroom tunnel are how to use the low headroom and satisfy all technical standards along with consideration of the saving materials and construction cost. There are different resolutions to the different headroom tunnels, it depends on the site conditions to adopt the resolution.
2008 Vol. 25 (1): 81-84 [
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"Technical Guideline of Full Face Rock Shielding Machine Method for Railway Tunnel" to Promote the Development of the Shielding Machine Technology for Railway Tunnel
LIU Chun
Research purposes: With the developments of railway transportation and urban mass transit in China, the tunnel construction machineries have been improved continuously, so it is urgently necessary to fatherly normalize shielding machine construction technology for railway tunnel and sum up the experience of tunnel construction for the purpose of guaranteeing the procedure, quality and safety of tunnel construction.
Research conclusions: The typical construction practices at home and abroad show shielding machine has its own advantages of rapid and safe shielding when the engineering geological conditions fit to usage of shielding machine. But shielding machine will lose its advantages or cause the losses in construction schedules and cost if the geological conditions are not made clear or don’t fit to usage of shielding machine. These are the most basic norms of technical guidance.
2008 Vol. 25 (1): 85-90 [
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Application and Analysis of SCADA Technology for Railway 10kV Electric Power
LIU Jun-qi
Research purposes: Aiming at the problems that the design standard of CADA for railway 10kV electric power is low and the scheme is not perfect, the optimum design is made for the purpose of improving the reliability of the power supply.
Research conclusions: The equipments in control center are configured more perfectly, the power supply scheme of the switch station is more reasonable, the problem of channels is solved rationally, the video supervisory control system is applied for the Cast time, and the shortage in measuring distance for failure is pointed out. Moreover, the electric power equipments are indoor ones and all the incoming and outgoing lines are cables. The practical operation has been proved that all performances indexes of system can satisfy the design requirements with stable and reliable operation.
2008 Vol. 25 (1): 91-94 [
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The Discussion on the Besting of 35kV Neutral Point of SHEBU Transformer Caused by Extinction Coil
LI Ji-bin
Research purposes: Boosting of 35 kV neutral-point of SHEBU transformer caused by extinction coil is not good for the normal work of the equipment. With the data on bus bar three-phase voltage to ground, the neutral-point voltage and the imbalance degree of wire-to-earth of the system are calculated, the reasons for the problem mentioned above are analyzed, and the measures for them are presented.
Research conclusions: The main reason for the boosting caused by extinction. coil is that the imbalance degree of wire-to-earth capacity is over high. The ideal resolution is to replace extinction coil of SHEBU transformer with the one that can automatically trace and adjust the compensative current.
2008 Vol. 25 (1): 95-99 [
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The Risk Management of the Joint Development Projects between Construction Enterprise and Government
MA Lan, GUAN Bai-hai, LI Hong-hui
Research purposes: With identifying and estimating the risks among the joint development project with government, the measures are pointed out for avoiding the major risks to enterprise.
Research conclusions: The risk in joint development project with government has the features of systematism, relativity and variety that are different from those in ordinary development project. In the joint development project with government, the great effects should be made on dealing with the policy change risk, the government trust risk, market risk etc.
2008 Vol. 25 (1): 100-103 [
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104
Application and Analysis of BT Mode in Financing for Urban Transit
WANG Yao-hui, MA Rong-guo
Research purposes: The study is done on the application of BT Mode in financing for Olympic Metro Line of Beijing Metro based on the characteristics of application of BT Mode in urban transit.
Research conclusions: The innovative practice of application of BT Mode in financing for Olympic Metro Line of Beijing Metro plays a promotive role in the, long-term development of the enterprise. The law system should he established and the taxing system and investment management system should be defined to BT Mode applied in construction.
2008 Vol. 25 (1): 104-107 [
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