Journal of Railway Engineering Society

Research methods: Linked with construction, we take local inspection time after time and winter callback. Aimed to the problems, we do essential convey, test and subject research, demonstrated cause and feature of harming engineering to set down the viable measure of managing.

Research results: The paper finds out new engineering geological problems while construction of railway. The established treatment measure was viable and its effect was better.

Research Conclusions: The cause of appearing new engineering geological problem in construction of Qingzang railway was special climate condition, the change of tiny landform, sand blown by wind, surface water and underground water flowing, which were all caused by railway construction. It was important tache for ensuring qualification of engineering construction to strengthen construction geology, dynamically design and optimize enhancing intension.

Research methods: The analysis and research were made on the mechanism and cause for subsidence, especially the cause for submarine erosion. It required paying attention to the important effects of personal factor on subsidence.

Research results: It is believed through research that the most recent subsidence, the outcomes related to personal factor in the same period, at least a synchronic outcome, except a few of them are the outcomes of geologic age and historic period. There is less subsidence without man-made action. The author believes the engineering geology shall be divided into stable zone, relative stable zone, unstable zone and subsidence zone according to personal factor and natural factor of geology. The treatment shall be carried out to them pointedly and focally according to their stability and disaster level.

Research Conclusions: Based on study and discussion, it is believed Railway Survey Regulation will be supplemented and improved in order to avoid phenomena of dismissing unfavorable geology or broadening the scope of unfavorable geology.

Research methods: First of all, it requires of equipping with necessary persons and high accurate inspection instruments for defining necessary observation contents, laying out rational observation section and defining observation frequency. The settlement observation includes settlement observation of foundation bottom, observation of level displacement, settlement observation of slope toe and observation of embankment top. Based on the measurement result, the settlement is calculated to define the final settlement value and time of unloading heaped preload.

Research results: The settlement of real measurement can be calculated by adopting hyperbolic curve method and exponential curve method and the relation curve can be established between settlement and time. The entire amount of settlement, post-construction settlement value and settlement rate in later stage can be analyzed and calculated according to the calculation of real measurement or by adopting the inversion analysis method for settlement, and further analysis and calculation are made for the final time of settlement, and further analysis and calculation are made for the final time of settlement complete.

Research conclusions: It provides an effective method for observation of subgrade settlement in construction, which can be applied widely.

Research methods: The test in original place is a static touch test carried out before consolidation of compaction pile. The relation is defined between specific injection resistance value of pile body and specific resistance value of soil among piles through contrast test of different solidified materials for pile body. The inspection and control of composite subgrade can be carried out during construction based on this contrast relation.

Research results: It shows in details how to establish relative relation and how to define procedure and time of inspection in this paper. The test for specific injection resistance value of pile body should be first done indoor, and then done on site for determination. The test for specific injection resistance value of soil among piles should be done in 5~15 days after piling. The test and inspection control and make less damage to pile body, with fast speed and low cost. This method has been applied in engineering test for ZXZQ04 Bidding of Zhengzhou-Xi’an Passenger Dedicated Railway Line.

Research conclusions: The test and inspection of composite subgrade treated by compaction pile in original place can meet needs of construction with easy operation and high accuracy and be applied widely.

Research methods: The comparison and analysis were made for consolidation results of reinforcing subgrade in saturated soft soil zone by adopting blasting method and heaped pre-loading method through making site experiment on reinforcing subgrade in soft soil zone in section of DK 172+000~DK 172+200 on Nanjing-Haining Railway Line. The post-blasting settlement law of subgrade was obtained by analyzing site observation results of surface settlement, full section settlement and lateral displacement.

Research results: It was shown the good result of reinforcing subgrade in soft soil zone could be obtained by adopting blasting method, with speeding up surface settlement which was helpful for shortening the time of consolidating and reinforcing subgrade in soft soil zone.

Research conclusions: The process of reinforcing subgrade in soft soil zone by dynamic blasting method was presented, and the comparison and analysis of effective mechanics for reinforcing subgrade in soft soil zone by blasting method and strong compacting method were made. It was deduced theoretically blasting method was suitable for reinforcing subgrade in deep soft soil zone.

Research methods: The article reviewed the present situation of construction of Ballastless Track in the Passenger Transportation Line in China. Based on experimental section of Unballasted Track on soil subgrade in Sui-Yu Railway Line, design calculation theory of Column-Net Structure has been carried on detailed explanation, including the constitution research, the flexible arch research, bearing capacity research and settlement research. Considered to the interaction complexity of the column, net and soil under the train cyclic load, the paper detailed describes indoor large scale model testing, field dynamic testing and numerical calculation method about the Column-Net Structure.

Research results: The method of design calculation for Column-Net Structure has been carried on the summary. And the paper describes the developed research in experimental section. It hopes that these can provide more experiences for further research.

Research methods: The research was made on symmetrical life-up steel tube concrete with the methods of structural analysis computing and structural distortion through making economic and technical analysis of the conditions of bridge site and landform.

Research conclusions: The construction practice of pumped life-up steel tube concrete for Yanyan Yellow River showed the matching ratio of steel tube concrete and model selection of device were the key points for guaranteeing continuous grouting of concrete and pumped lift-up concrete could be adopted to large span and diameter steel tube concrete arch bridge in the way of symmetry for two banks and asymmetry for upper and lower reaches.

Research methods: Based on the theory of construction control, with reference to the characteristic of the 3rd bridge over Fujiang River, construction control model is established by the software of finite element analyses. The construction quality is ensured by the survey datum and the results of theory calculation.

Research results: The closures of bridge are all finished naturally, and the closure errors are in the criterion value 2cm. The deck alignment of completed stage is so smooth that it matches with the design alignment well.

Research conclusions: Many influences factors are to be considered in construction stages, and using the survey datum to modify model parameters, as a result, it can achieve a good alignment to match the design alignment.

Research methods: Object of shield tunnel test section in a certain city with subway construction in plan was adopted in this paper. With the application of load release factor and equivalent longitude stiffness factor, 3D FEM was carried out in the research of ground sectional groove and longitude settlement curve caused by shield tunnel construction.

Research results: Influences of factors as surrounding soil condition, tunnel bury depth and advance force on the ground movement caused by shield tunnel construction was brought out, 3D curves were also exerted in the discussion of ground settlement space distribution and varying law.

Research Conclusions: Surrounding soil condition illness, tunnel bury depth lessen and advance force enhancement could also result in augmentation of ground settlement and up-heal displacement during construction, suggestions as advance force adjustment during tunnel construction for the reduction of ground environment influences are also brought forwarded in this paper.

Research methods: The significance, realization way and problems for attention were presented and analyzed for dynamic design principle of tunnel mainly with engineering experience by the method of combining dynamic design principle of tunnel mainly with engineering experience with the practices of dynamic design and construction of tunnel at home.

Research results: The suggestion was proposed the dynamic design of tunnel mainly with engineering experience was adaptively applied in construction of large tunnel in priority.

Research conclusions: Application of dynamic design of tunnel mainly with engineering experience could improve design efficiency and coefficient of utilization of engineering experience, and promote the technical progress of tunnel design and construct.

Research methods: The engineering comparison and sate experiment were made.

Research results: The research and demonstration were made on construction order, diversion, grouting process, grouting materials and grouting parameters for the transverse hole and bottom plate of treated underground river as well as supporting structure, prevention and drainage of water for the tunnel during treatment of underground river in order to make the measures feasible.

Research conclusions: The upper bench of Wuzhaoguan Tunnel passed through underground river successfully through taking a serious of engineering measures. The practice proved the treatment measures were feasible.

Research methods: The analysis is made for the engineering and structural features of railway tunnel of passenger dedicated line from the cut-over points of meeting requirements for comfortableness and safety of high-speed train running in the tunnel of passenger dedicated line. The concrete measures for construction of railway tunnel of passenger dedicated line are presented in the areas of relaxing effect of aerodynamics, guaranteeing durability of tunnel structure and construction safety of big sectional tunnel.

Research results: The tunnel of passenger dedicated line has obvious engineering and structural features compared with normal-speed railway tunnel. The engineering measure should be summed up and improved in construction, and formed into one with its own technical characteristics based on learning previous engineering experiences.

Research conclusions: These are key technical points for better construction of railway tunnel of passenger dedicated line; to set up rational section and structural form of tunnel, reinforce the inverted arch at bottom of tunnel and structural form of tunnel, reinforce the inverted arch at bottom of tunnel and concrete-filling structure , guarantee the structure durability of composite lining tunnel and make it suited to the engineering feature of big sectional tunnel, and persist in the principle of informationalized construction.

Research methods: The information was collected on the relevant data, problems and countermeasures taken in construction through the construction example of tunnelling in long-distance hard rock area of Guangzhou Metro. Also the analysis was made on this information.

Research results: It was shown from the example mentioned above that the tunnelling by shield tunnelling machine in long-distance hard rock area was feasible and the problems could be solved by taking some measures.

Research conclusions: Shield tunnelling machine could tunnel smoothly because the hard rock in this area had small fissures and most fissures had been filled by fine quartz vein. It could be said although the single axle of rock had good compression, if fissure developed, shield tunnelling machine could tunnel smoothly in hard rock area and the tunnelling speed was faster than that of other machines through selecting right type of shield tunnelling machine and equipping right cutter head and bit tool.

Research methods: The brief analysis of distance relation between critical failure spot of support, quality of surrounding rock, allowable amount of deformation, deformation rate working procedure of transportation way was made according to the geological characteristics and its deformation characteristics of stressed highland weak surrounding rock at the largest fault P7 of Wushaoling Tunnel. Concretely speaking, the exploration was made on three aspects of geologic advance forecast, tunnel support structure and construction method.

Research results: The basic method for defining the distance between support parameters and working procedure, experience parameters and basic requirement for tunnel construction were obtained under condition of stressed highland weak surrounding rock, and the suggestions and measures were put forward to the points for attention in tunnel construction.

Research conclusions: The support parameters and construction method should be adjusted on time according to the changeable situation of surrounding rock on working face when construction was conducted under condition of stressed weak surrounding rock. In this way, the deformation could be controlled effectively.

Research methods: An introduction in details was given to the structure and features of power monitoring system for straddling monorail transportation in Chongqing, mainly to the system distribution, structure of communication system and software structure of communication system of master station in control Centre as well as the structure of automatic system in substation. The analysis was made of the causes for the problems of equipment in substation being out of service frequently and losing communication data packet, and the commissioning and tests were done to them repeatedly.

Research results: Based on several experimental researches, application of Ethernet in power monitoring system for straddling monorail transportation system in Chongqing was successful.

Research conclusions: Based on successful application of Ethernet in power monitoring system for straddling monorail transportation system in Chongqing, it hoped Ethernet could be applied widely in monitoring system for urban mass transit in future.

Research methods: Relative to the airflow direction, the pantograph state is divided a favorable pantograph (closing stomata) and an adverse pantograph (opening stomata). The heights of pantograph head are respectively 900 mm, 1300 mm, and 2300 mm. The test wind speeds are from 100 km/h to 280 km/h at intervals of 20 km/h.

Research results: The measurement results indicate that the two types of pantographs differ greatly in aerodynamic drag. Therefore, the improvement aerodynamic property on it has great potentialities.

Research methods: The centred management was carried out for project organization, plan progress and file data in cause of research and development of switch products by adopting products data management.

Research results: The common share and accuracy of products data and efficiency of products design were increased. The amount of repeated work was reduced and duration of research and development was shoutened.

Research conclusions: It was feasible and necessary to adopt products data management for management of research and development of switch products, which could improve the design efficiency and quality of products and increase the competitive ability of enterprise.

Research methods: The introduction was given to the situations of energy and energy consumption by building in China, and the comparison and analysis were made for the-gap of energy consumption by building between China and developed countries. The suggestions were proposed to improving energy conservation.

Research Conclusions: It was urgent for China to develop energy conservation and green buildings for sustainable development. On one hand, for energy conservation to building, the relevant measures should be taken to control level of energy consumption by newly built buildings; on the other hand, the innovation for energy conservation should be conducted to existing buildings. Working out standard of energy conservation to building was only means; the final purpose was to apply basic technology of energy conservation stipulated in the standard through strengthening control and strictly implementing the standard. It required whole society of hard working to energy conservation to building.

Research methods: Based on the composite way and design of steel structure, the construction procedure, measures for site installation and control of key processes are presented in order to ensure quality of steel concrete.

Research results: The construction technique of steel concrete structure is summed up and the methods for connection, hanging and installation, inspection and improvement are put out for connection, hanging and installation, inspection and improvement are put out for providing reference to construction.

Research Conclusions: Steel concrete structure has a good structural performance with a small section of component and increasing span, usable area and net floor height of building, thus notable economic benefits can be obtained and steel concrete structure can be more and more widely applied in industrial and civil buildings.

Research methods: Based on taking the drainage system with single horizontal branch pipe to drain water, the top of vertical pipe to lead air and the bottom of the pipe going to inspection shaft through horizontal drainage pipe as lab research model, the analysis was made for the pressure change caused by movements of water flow and airflow within building.

Research results: The complicated movements of water flow and airflow in drainage system for building could make change of pressure in the system and the change of pressure was the key factor for causing air inner spilling in drainage system.

Research conclusions: The movements of water flow and airflow in drainage system for building could make change of pressure in the system and change of pressure was the basic cause for damage of water block and harmful gas going into room. It was an effective way for solving the problem of air inner spilling in drainage system for residential building to equip drainage system with special vertical drainage pipe, rationally lay out drainage pipe, use high quality sanitary appliance and piping materials, ensure the construction quality and rationally use drainage system.

Research methods: The management is summed up for enterprise to invest money in express highway based on the analysis of relevant files. It is believed the control of investment scale and cost should be taken in every fields of project, such as feasible research, primary design, and construction bidding and construction management. It includes the summary and research on the time of involving in project, strengthening project design and research work, strictly implementing construction bidding and investment control for the practical phase of construction. The concepts are expressed on cost control of investing money in express highway and the key controlled phase is put out.

Research conclusions: The control of investment scale and cost for investing money in express highway by enterprise should be taken around the purpose of obtaining max. financial profits by using min. investment, which is worth making further research by the persons of engineering economy and technical management.

Research methods: The collected data on offer for integral bidding were sorted and made into specimens through using basic knowledge of statistics. The regularity of distribution of variable data was found and the proportionate relation among variable data was calculated through statistics, comparison and analysis of the data in specimen. The research was made mainly on the proportionate relation and numerical value that occurred frequently. The checking calculation was made to them by putting them in similar specimen in order to find out the universally typical value or central value. The general research thought was to know unknown probability through calculating known variable data and explore other unknown data from known probability.

Research results: The methods of calculation and identity were presented for important parameters that influenced the offer for integral bidding and the scope of upper and down limits was defined for offer range, good offer range and optimum offer range.

Research Conclusions: When determining the final offer for integral bidding by adopting computing method, the enough specimens had to be collected. More specimens you collected and more accurate offer you got. The expected result of offer could not be obtained with the data obtained from a few specimens.

Research methods: The author analyzed the concept, content of informatization on the basis of the national policy and his own experiences.

Research Conclusions: Informatization has the sociality; it is an infrastructure of society rather than IT technology. Informatization is an important technological management work and social duties. It is investment but not expenditure, is a continuous improved process. Informatization has several stages. Company's informatized management is a technological work. This paper enlarges the concept of informatization, emphasizes not only on the normally technical or industrial significance, but also on the social significance.

Research methods: From the angle of project manager, the research is made on risk management of construction, the introduction is given to the risk meaning of construction and procedure of risk management, and the analysis is made for application of circle work method and work procedure of PDCA management in the cause of risk management, mainly analysis of how to work out risk plan in four aspects of risk identification, risk analysis, risk estimation and risk treatment, and how to implement the plan in cause of construction. The scientificness, rationality and operational ability of application of PDCA management circle in construction for risk management are also demonstrated in this paper.

Research conclusions: It is believed the effective PDCA management should be applied in cause of implement of risk management and the four links of making plan, implement, inspection feedback and management appraisal should be well done. In this way, the risk of construction can be avoided, economic benefit can be increased and ability of treating risk can be improved.

Research methods: Based on the basic principle of accounting and in combination with the specialty of accountant for human resource, the points are described for how to define acquisition cost, development cost, employment cost and cost of absence from work of human resource through making analysis of the actual situations faced by modern enterprise, and then the right measurement and accounting for the cost of human resource and scientific accounting report can be made.

Research conclusions: Based on the right affirmation of the cost of human resource, and scientific measurement and accounting of cost, enterprise can realize its own value correctly according to its own actual situation, and the real information about human resource can be provided to manager for servicing scientific management of human resource.

Research methods: The author benefits from his personal working experience in Indonesia and a constant research about Indonesia's construction market to give a full scale and in-depth analysis about the characteristics of the Indonesian market. Based on some actual cases, the author also analyzes those risks that are quite unique in Indonesia one by one and measures to shun each of them have been introduced.

Research Conclusions: Based on the reasoned truth and the analyses, the author believes that the Indonesian market is quite special. It is better for a company to start from Government projects and accumulate experiences step by step. The companies should be prudent when choosing projects, and be as localized as possible. They should probe into the site surveying and ask the payment as soon as possible to avoid unnecessary risks.

Research methods: Through researching and analyzing the prediction of engineering project cost, cost control, cost analysis, the effective ways of reduction of cost, examining measures of cost, etc, explaining the definite principles of cost goal and making reasonable analysis, judgement and appraising to the cost change of project, the paper confirms the advanced, economical and reasonable cost management model. According to the author's experiences of construction management for many years, the author proposes some new ideas and new thinking of engineering cost management, which achieved very good effect through practice.

Research conclusions: The cost management of project is a dynamic management. We must catch each link influencing costs to take place tightly and take some measures, such as, decomposing responsibility, controlling goal, encouraging examining, etc. We must improve work efficiency and strengthen the dynamical control of engineering cost. Thus the goal of increasing economic benefit can be come true.