Journal of Railway Engineering Society

Research methods: In combination with the engineering practice of reinforcing the foundation of deep foundation pits of Yanjizhong Road and Huangxin Road stations in Bidding III on M8 Line of Shanghai subway, the research was made on two techniques of grouting and deep-seated mixture pile to reinforce weak strata through scheme design, site experiment, monitoring, survey, comparison and analysis.

Research results: Two-shot grouting was adopted to reinforce foundation in silt clay. The result of it was of crack with slurry distributing in layer and moving irregularly underground. The formed reinforced-body was not even with bad uniformity and the reinforced area had not distinctly restraint effect on the deformation of diaphragm of foundation pit. Cement mixture pile was adopted to reinforce foundation with good result of controllable working site, even cement-soil and effective restraining the deformation of foundation pit.

Research conclusions: The technique and result of two-shot grouting were not good as that of cement mixture pile, but it had features of simple operation and low cost. The technique of two-shot grouting would be improved, such as changing grouting from primary grouting into secondary grouting, increasing grouting pressure of secondary grouting and improving uniformity of reinforced soil mass.

Research methods: This paper mainly introduced 60-12TS in the advanced version Vz200 turnout the question which in the transportation, the laying and the maintenance and so on several aspects should pay attention.

Research Conclusions: Through introducing the neglected problems of this turnout in the transportation, the laying and the maintenance, this paper has provided the partial reference for the line project construction.

Research methods: A track-frame model has been developed, which includes rails, pads, sleepers and ballast resistance, and the finite element program has been exploited using numerical formulation. The influence of cross force was also considered in this model.

Research results: The dependence of the CWR displacement on temperature figures in different work conditions were arrived, and the result was compared with the result of universal formulation.

Research conclusions: Finite element method is effective on analyzing the stability of CWR. And it can analyze the lateral displacement of CWR track from locked-in temperature to damage. Compared with the universal formulation, the method can accurately present the trend of the lateral displacement of track in several work conditions, and provide an evidential material for railway department in planning of maintaining the track.

Research methods: In the construction of tunnels groups of the function expanding and reconstruction engineering of QIAN-GUI Railway, the prediction and forecast of bad geological body in front of the face was practiced and explored with the application of GPR technology. And the paper researches it according to three key technology problems.

Research results: Combined on-the-spot reality, an opinion on multiple forecast method was put forward, say, improving and optimizing detect methods and techniques, establishing the forecasting and pre-warning system, checking filter difference mutually among multiple forecast analysis and introducing digital image 3D forecast, etc.

Research conclusions; By means of practice examine all the above methods were tested to be effective in improving accuracy and veracity of GPR in detecting forecast and description of bad geological body in karst geology.

Research methods: The features of different modes for matching geology with physical exploration in the past were summed up through construction practice. A new working mode was commended for matching geological person with physical exploration in geological exploration for large complicated tunnel based on taking the quality of physical exploration under different matching modes as standard.

Research results: The working contents of matching geology with physical exploration in every stage were summed up. The working way and content were described in details for matching geological person with physical exploration. The working principle, content and way of physical exploration were presented for physical exploration in every stage according to the requirements of engineering geological prospecting.

Research conclusions: The good result of engineering geological prospecting for large deep-buried tunnel could be obtained only if physical exploration of high level could be adopted widely in overall exploration with assistance of matching given by professional geological person.

Research methods: The paper got that the geological condition uncovered in construction of deep buried tunnel in karst area; the correlation of karst developing degree with the lithology and geological structure factors, the geological structure factors include layer thickness, fold shape, layer attitude and fault character; the correlation of karst physiognomy and underground water condition with tunnel karst water bursting disaster.

Research results: On the base of investigation in suit, the paper analyzed some tunnel projects of Yichang-Wanzhou railway in karst area.

Research conclusions: It is cleared that the possible place of karst bursting disaster has great relativity with some geology locality, such as lithological interface, separation plane of bed, inflection surface of fold and fault. Huge karst cave is very possible formed in this kind geology place. At the same time the principle of judging karst disaster danger segment in the course of tunnel construction is bought forward.

Research methods: Combining with the design code of railway bridges, internal force and deformation of a double lines railway bridge with PC box beam are analyzed at the stages of pretensioning, beam erecting and secondary dead load's acting under three analysis models using MIDAS/Civil program. The influence of loss of prestress caused by creep of concrete to structure is researched.

Research conclusions: Creep of concrete cannot caused secondary internal force for a simple supported beam, but can cause stress redistribution. The internal force of beam is reduced when loss of prestress caused by creep is concerned. The up-deformation caused by prestress is developing slowly according to time passing. The actions of secondary dead load reduce up-deformation significantly. The deformation caused by creep is nearly 50% of total deformation, which has disadvantage for down-deformation of structure but advantage for controlling of up-deformation.

Research methods: According to construction of a double lines railway bridge with simple supported PC box beam, the mechanical properties of end section are analyzed and researched during construction. Using solid element method, three dimensions model of finite element of whole box beam is set up. The mechanical properties of end section is compared and analyzed.

Research results: According to different load conditions at construction stage, the mechanical properties of internal and external sides of end section are presented. The noticed problems of design and construction of end section of box beam for double lines railway bridges are investigated.

Research methods and results: As to consideration of the response of earth squeezing from group pile, first it was required to introduce concept of pile-earth KK ratio and to seek equivalent radius by applying single pile of equivalent circular section to simulating group pile and adopting cylindrical cavity expansion theory, elastic theory and Bio consolidation theory on the basis of principle of void ratio coordination. Then it was required to seek the stress field and strength index after soil mass changed in the place of equivalent radius. As to consideration of response of earth squeezing from supplementary, taking the stress field and strength index as the start values of soil mass during construction of supplementary pile, the computing formula was derived for bearing capacity of supplementary pile in saturated sand and soil by adopting cylindrical cavity expansion theory and elastic theory on the basis of principle of soil mechanics and with consideration of response of dual earth squeezing. At the same time, the critical status was obtained for defining sharp influence on bearing capacity of supplementary pile by response of earth squeezing from group pile in this paper.

Research conclusions: The computing result was close to the actually survey data through making comparison.

Research methods: According to the different contents of phyllite,the trial section was determined and measurement sections were laid out by dynamic design method in combination with the design and construction of phyllite stratum in ridge section at Wushaoling Tunnel on the second line of hanzhou-Wuwei Railway. The analysis and summary of deformational features of phyllite stratum and design method of initial support under deep buried condition were made according to the site displacement measurement.

Research results: The proposed scheme of initial support parameters for phyllitc stratum was presented for reference to design and construction of similar engineering through making research on the deformation of surrounding rock and initial support in excavation of tunnel.

Research conclusions: As a result, it was an effective way to control big deformation of surrounding rock by adopting strong rigid support of long anchor and taking initial support measure of net grouting steel fiber concrete to the phyllite stratum with big deformation of surrounding rock.

Research methods: The paper introduced the PLC control system of EPB shield machine on the respect of design, hard-ware configuration, control principle, programming language and type selection of PLC control system, esp. the control principle on earth pressure, stance of shield machine, progressing speed and thrust pressure. It introduced the basic requirements of computer control system on parameter configuration, fault diagnosis and remote monitoring and data collection of shield machine as well.

Research results: The design of PLC system was completed basically, which laid foundation for the localization of PLC system in Shield machine.

Research conclusions: Research and design on the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) System in shield machine has been listed in the motional plan 863, which provided experimental references for domestically made PLC control system of shield machine.

Research methods: The analysis and research were made on engineering geology, design, construction and the result of comprehensively physical exploration after collapse. The analysis of simulation computing and research were made on the behavior of engineering mechanics for treating collapse by drafted scheme. The situations of collapse treatment and optimization were presented.

Research results: The main reasons for tunnel collapse were found out through analysis, namely due to complicated engineering geology and no laying secondary lining. It was demonstrated that the scheme of collapse treatment was reliable and treatment measure was complete with high safe level. It was shown the treatment of collapse was successful.

Research conclusions: It was necessary to strengthen geological exploration and prediction, modify the relevant construction rules in time, and solve the problems existed in construction in time and establish scientific decision's system in order to prevent the collapse happening.

Research methods: According to the requirements for concrete durability, the basic parameters were obtained through doing lab experiments and site experiment, and their scientificalness were verified through the application in construction.

Research results: Good result of concrete quality was obtained in construction of Qinghai-Tibet Railway because construction was conducted strictly according to the construction technique.

Research conclusions: The accuracy of fit proportion would be controlled strictly in durability concrete construction, and the fit proportion would be adjusted when the construction conditions had changed. In addition, there was stricter requirement for vibration tamping and maintenance to durability concrete than that to ordinary concrete. The workers for construction would be trained with high standard and strict requirement before construction.

Research methods: The research, indoor simulation test, site exposure test and tests for the pile foundations in Qing-shui River and Kunlun Mountain's port were done for the durability's damage of concrete of bridge foundation on Qinghai-Tibet Highway.

Research results: The hardening strength of concrete of pile foundation in permafrost on Qinghai-Tibet Highway couldn’t arrive at the design grade because the concrete had been in negative temperature for long term. The main reason for durability damage was freezing-thawing damage caused by alternation of positive and negative temperatures frequently, and it was found no corruption damage by surfate. The start temperature of concrete and heat of hydration made frozen-soil structure damaged in interface. The frozen soil could return to its original frozen status for long time later.

Research conclusions: The moderate-heat early-strength concrete made from air-leading water-reducing agent or early-strength air-leading water-reducing agent could meet the requirements for the strength and durability of cast-in-place concrete pile and the stability of frozen soil structure. It was necessary to note the anti-freezing agent probably had negative effect on the stability of frozen soil structure in interface and environment protection.

Research methods: TSS grouting ducts and accompanying equipment are developed and proper grouting parameters, grouting process and grouting techniques are determined. Research is carried on by means of application of TSS grouting technology in the construction of the mined tunnel of No. 1 ventilation room of Yingkoudao station of Tianjin Metro.

Research results: The techniques of single-direction sleeve-valve grouting ducts of small diameter are mastered.

Research Conclusions: Due to such advantages as step-by-step and controllable grouting and simple operation of TSS ducts, uniform ground consolidations and excellent water sealing effects are achieved, application of TSS grouting technology in Tianjin Metro results in higher construction progress and reduced construction cost.

Research methods: The analysis and research were made on the mechanism of cool tower collapse through selecting national blasting parameters of openings and nets and selecting notch form, notch size and notch angle.

Research results: The cool tower was twisted, collapsed directionally in every layer and broken well according to the design requirements. The expected result and purpose of blasting were obtained with no back-blow, total blasted pile approximate to 4m height, no occurrence of flying stones and no damage to fixed buildings and equipment.

Research conclusions: The notch form, height of compound notch and notch length were the key factors to cool tower collapse. The water pond at tower bottom, located on the side of collapse direction, would be cleaned up. Otherwise it would affect collapse badly. If large-sized hyperbolic thin-wall reinforced concrete barrels were twisted during blasting, it could be collapsed well with good breaking.

Research methods: According to the requirements of production process, three programmes of PLC applied in control of asynchronous motor were designed by adopting PLC model FX2N. The UO wiring diagram, ladder diagram of programme control and instruction statement list were presented. The ladder diagram of PLC was programmed by adopting special software of “FXGP-WIN-CN" through learning experience of the diagram and the ladder diagram was also transferred into instruction statement list. The instruction statement list was written down into PLC processor by entering instruction of "write down" through connecting computer with PLC processor by cable. The "write down" programme was to make the instruction programme of statement list written down into the random of subscriber programme of PLC processor. The on-line test could be done after finishing "writing down".

Research results: The research purpose could be realized through adopting the research method and process mentioned above.

Research conclusions: The control way of PLC was derived from the control way of relay. The soft element's coils and contacts composed of micro electric circuits in PLC took place of the coils and contacts of relay and the programme orders of PLC took place of control wires of relay. With certain logical relation to connect every element, the CPU for PLC controlled the status of every soft element and transferred it to the outside execution elements to control the operation of device.

Research methods: To demonstrate the possibility and necessity of Beijing-Kowloon Railway Line electric reconstruction through the more deeply study on the six main points; improve the transportation capability of the existing railway line; the strategic significance in the South-North railway transportation road system with great capability at mid-east of China; promote the railway electrization at east China and through the electric railway network to achieve the aim of the great railway development; extend the antenna of the railway passenger special line; reduce the railway operation cost and improve the economic benefit; execute the nation's energy policy and obey the continuable development strategy.

Research conclusions: Because the current transport ability and service quality of Beijing-Kowloon Railway Line do not meet the needs of the passenger and cargo transport development in the research year, so it is necessary to make the electric reconstruction of the railway line, and must put it in practice as early as possible.

Research methods: The requirements were summed up for financing and construction of BOT project through studying the relevant information. The requirements were reviewed，commented and summed up for implementing BOT project on the basis of the research made by the others, including the requirements of law framework for BOT project, general development process of BOT project, merits and demerits, composition features of total cost, funds composition and resources for BOT project of express highway. The overall instruction was given on main issues for adopting such way to develop infrastructure by government and enterprise. The author expressed own ideas on how to conduct selection by both parties.

Research conclusions: The systematically theoretic research on BOT project for express highway was blank and it was worth making research with challenge. It included research on engineering economy, financing and law.

Research methods: The comparison was made between regression analysis and curve's fitting by adopting comparison method.

Research results: The equal points and different points were sought between regression analysis and curve's fitting and on which the inspection index was presented for establishing mathematical model for production quota.

Research conclusions: The curve's fitting method was more close to the professional features of production quota. It was proposed that the error index would be adopted, but index of regression analysis, when establishing mathematical model for production quota and its inspection index.

Research methods: This paper analyses the significance of setting up dynamic alliance by employing induction. It analyses the significance of setting up dynamic alliance and points out the postulates that the partner should meet and the norms of selecting partners.

Research results: The partner must meet the four postulates: high credit, own core competition capability, management in order, and not conflicting corporation culture. The following six norms should be obey when selecting partners; It is favorable for the corporation to enlarge its market share; It is favorable for entering new market; It can heighten the rate of obtaining projects; It can improve the corporation's fulfilling capability; It is favorable for initiating new marketing patterns; It can improve the project's profit.

Research conclusions: The key of successful dynamic alliance is selecting partners rightly.

Research methods: This paper discusses railway problems from the viewpoint of financing innovation; the concept of regional equity is also introduced.

Research results and conclusions: Available modes of financing marketization and multi-investors of railway industry are put forward, and efficient measurements are explored to ensure the priority of railway construction in west areas from the aspects of land, tax and financial support.

Research methods: Using the concept and the method of the Scope Management, Time Management, Quality Management and Cost Management in PMP to analyze each element of above will affect the engineering cost. Using the elements of the value engineering and the earned value, combining the connections of three elements of time, cost and quality limit for a project to study the management method how to synthesize every elements of the project.

Research conclusions: The management of engineering cost is not insular with the management of project. If we only pay attention to the cost and ignore the other side of the project, we cannot control the engineering cost effectively. In order to control the engineering cost effectively, we must comprehend the connections of each elements of project roundly and synthetically, and we must comprehensibly manage the project by the Scope Management, Time Management, Quality Management and Cost Management.

Research methods: According to the current situation of management for project cost, the analysis and exploration are made in this paper on the basic work, principle and way for construction enterprise to control cast, and the problems needed paying attention to in strengthening control of project cost and solutions to them are put forward in combination with work practice.

Research conclusions: Strengthening control of project cost needs strengthening and normalizing project inner management by taking hold of key links in cost management, laying stress on and solving the problems in cost management, and controlling project cost in entire process. It is not only necessary t reduce cost expenditure nationally, but also more necessary to enlarge project income for gaining max. Economic benefits of project.

Research methods: From the questions and the reasons, from the strategic plan, talented person choice, achievements management, salary management, training and development, and other aspects, the author thinks at the present the key of human resource management of the large and middle state-owned construction enterprises lacks the strategic plan and guide, lacks the standard formulation, lacks the integrity design and execution, lacks the professionalism superintendent.

Research results: According to the actual situation of the enterprise, the author proposes the whole improvement ideas, and makes a detailed elaboration from the links of optimizing the structure of talent liberally, promoting the quality of talented person, realizing the value of talented person, smoldering the high ground for talented person, innovating the talented person mechanism, optimizing the talented person environment and so on. And the author also brings award a practical and feasible key to the situation.