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2016 Vol. 33, No. 7 Published: 2016-07-15

Geology and Subgrade Railway and Rail Bridge Engineering Tunnel Engineering Electrification Engrinnering Research on Railway Networks Urban Rail Construction Energy Saving and Environmental Protection

Research on Railway Networks

	1	Research on the Railway Network Planning Scheme in Hebei Based on the Integration of Beijing - Tianjin – Hebei ^Hot!
		DU AN Xiao - chen1, CUI Jing - na2, FU Jian - shuo3, SUN You - cai3
		Abstract ： Research purposes： The coordinated development of Beijing - Tianjin - Hebei requests traffic ahead. The development of railway, as an important mode of transportation，must be taken seriously. On the basis of analyzing the current status of railway planning in Hebei province, this paper puts forward the necessity of research on the railway traffic planning model in Hebei province，in order to meet the needs of development of traffic integration of the Beijing - Tianjin - Hebei region. Research conclusions:(1 ) This paper sets up an integrated transport planning model，combining global hierarchical and fuzzy evaluation， namely M global layout， hierarchical settings， from trunk to branch， from coarse to fine， fuzzy evaluation，hierarchical optimization". (2) This paper puts forward Hebei province railway transportation planning framework of the "two ring four vertical and four horizontal"，based on the railway network planning model. (3) The rationality and validity of the large traffic planning scheme of Hebei railway is evaluated by using fuzzy evaluation. (4) This research result can provide a reference for regional railway planning.
		2016 Vol. 33 (7): 1-6 [Abstract] ( 2806 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1370 KB) ( 2443 )

Geology and Subgrade

	7	Experimental Research on the One - dimensional Compression Characteristics of Unsaturated Cohesive Soil
		LI Xiao - ning1，WU Xi - yong2, FENG Jun2, ZHU Bao - long1
		Abstract: Research purposes: The compression characteristics of unsaturated cohesive soil is an important calculations parameter used in subgrade engineering, foundation engineering, underground engineering and slope engineering design calculations. In order to define the influence of matric suction on the one - dimensional compression characteristic， a series of one - dimensional compression tests are carried out under controlled matric suction and increasing the net vertical stress for the unsaturated cohesive foundation soil in Hefei area. Research conclusions ： (1) The e - lgg curves in different matric suction were composed of two straight line segments， and the net vertical stress of 300 kPa was the cut - off point. (2 ) The relationship between compression index and the matric suction fitted the Barcelona model； Compression index and tangent compression coefficient decay exponentially with the increasing matric suction. ( 3 ) The concepts of suction tangent compression coefficient are proposed. The suction tangent compression coefficient showed exponential relationship with the net vertical stress. (4 ) The research result can provide theoretical reference to the engineering characteristics of the unsaturated cohesive soil bed.
		2016 Vol. 33 (7): 7-10 [Abstract] ( 2777 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (573 KB) ( 2397 )

Railway and Rail

	11	Research on the Influence of Under - passing Shield Tunnel Construction on the Track Structures of High - speed Railway ^Hot!
		CAI Xiao - pei1, CAI Xiang - hui2，TAN Shi - yu1, PENG Hua1, GUO Liang - wu1
		Abstract ： Research purposes ： When the urban rail transit shield under - pass the high - speed railway, soil disturbance will cause track irregularity of the existing line, which puts impact on the safe operation of high - speed train. In the paper, taking the interaction between shield construction and the structures of the high - speed railway into consideration, the finite element model of the track - subgrade - soil was established to analyze the deformation features of the track under shield tunneling. In addition the effect of shield tunneling on the trains operation was discussed based on the dynamic model. Research conclusions:( 1 ) The track deformation will continue to increase with the shield tunneling, and gradually come to a standstill after excavation. The results show that vertical deformation of the track is obviously larger than the lateral deformation. (2) The track settlement deformation rate, settlement difference of two rails and lateral deformation of rail will reach the maximum value when the excavation face is located under the center line of railway track, and the value will gradually reduce after the center line of the track. (3) The track deformation will decrease linearly with tunnel depth, and increase linearly with tunnel radius. (4) When train passing through the affected area of shield tunnel, the wheel - rail force and safety indexes are significantly affected, and increase as the speed increases. (5) The vertical wheel - rail force and wheel unloading rate change more obviously when the excavation face is located under the center line of railway track. (6) The research conclusions have certain instructional significance to the evaluation and risk control of under - passing the existing railway projects.
		2016 Vol. 33 (7): 11-17 [Abstract] ( 3228 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1450 KB) ( 2509 )

	18	Aanlysis of Influence of Misalignment of Drainage Ditch on Static and Dynamic Response of Low Vibration Track in Tunnel
		REN Juan - juan 1,LI Xiao 1,ZHAO Hua - wei 1,NI Yue - feng 1,CHEN Li - jie2
		Abstract ： Research purposes ： Owing to its good noise and vibration reduction effect，low vibration track ( LVT) is widely used in tunnel and subways. In general， in order to facilitate tunnel drainage， a drainage ditch is located in inverted arch of track center line. Due to construction error and other factors, there might be a big misalignment between track center line and central line of drainage ditch. Under certain conditions, misalignment of drainage ditch will cause damage of cover plate as well as contact loss underneath slab，and then influence driving safety. The control index of contact loss underneath slab is put forward by analyzing the influence of misalignment of drainage ditch on the static mechanical performance of track，for instance，rail displacement and cover plate stress，as well as influence of contact loss underneath slab on the dynamic response of vehicle acceleration, rate of wheel load reduction and so on, which can provide theoretical reference for maintenance of contact loss underneath slab of LVT in tunnel. Research conclusions:(1) Misalignment of drainage ditch has limited influence on the static mechanical performance of track. When misalignment between supporting block and drainage ditch reaches to 25 cm，the maximum stress of cover plate is 0. 25 MPa. (2) When length of contact loss underneath slab less than 0. 55 m, contact loss underneath slab has negligible influence on vehicle acceleration, wheel — rail force and rate of wheel load reduction. (3) When the length of contact loss underneath slab exceeds 0. 55 m，vehicle acceleration，wheel - rail force and rate of wheel load reduction increased significantly, which can affect the driving comfort and safety; it is recommended that the length of contact loss underneath slab due to misalignment of drainage ditch should be kept below 0.55 m. (4) The research achievements can provide theoretical reference for maintenance of LVT in tunnel.
		2016 Vol. 33 (7): 18-24 [Abstract] ( 2756 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1525 KB) ( 2449 )

	25	A Reinforce Scheme of Door Type Steel to Restrain the Gap under CRTS m Slab ^Hot!
		ZENG Zhi - ping,ZHU Kun - teng，YU Zhi - wu，WU Bin，WEI Wei,HE Xian - feng
		Abstract ： Research purposes ： The gap between slab and self - compacting concrete is one of the typical diseases for CRTS m slab ballastless track structure under service condition. This paper established finite element mechanical analysis model of track structure according to the CRTSm slab track structure characteristics, and an “T” type reinforce scheme of door type steel was proposed. Research conclusions:(1) The negative temperature gradient load is the main reason of the production of the gap in the edge of the slab，and the coupling effect of the train and positive temperature gradient load is the main reason of the production of the gap in the middle of the slab. (2) When non - gap of the interlayer appears，the vertical maximum tensile stress of interface is reduced by 80% after reinforce door type steel. ( 3 ) When gap of the interlayer appears, the vertical maximum tensile stress of interface is reduced by 87% after reinforce door type steel. (4) A “T” type reinforce scheme of door type steel is conducive to improve the safety factor of interface is shattered. It can also reduce the probability of the occurrence of gap between the slab and self compacting concrete，slow down the expansion rate of the isolated region，and improve the durability of track structure under the course of service. (5) The research is useful to optimal designs of CRTS m slab ballastless track structure.
		2016 Vol. 33 (7): 25-29 [Abstract] ( 2740 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (688 KB) ( 2412 )

Bridge Engineering

	30	Type Selection Design for Bridge Structure of Suspended Monorail Transit System
		YANG Ping1, BAO Yu - long2, ZENG Yong - ping1, ZHOU Shuai1, LI Yong - le2, DING Jia - jie2
		Abstract ： Research purposes ： In order to promote the development of suspended monorail system，the information of monorail operation lines abroad is summarized firstly, the primary type for track beam, pier and supported constraints of bridge structure for suspended monorail system is determined，and a suitable bridge structure of 30 m- span double - line simple beam for suspended monorail is presented finally. Research conclusions:( 1 ) According to the existing bridge structure features of suspended monorail abroad， considering the current situations in China, the cross section of track beam adopts large section, and the standard span is 30 m. (2) The pier structure for suspended monorail adopts T - type，the design radius and height of pier are 1.5m and 14 m respectively. ( 3 ) A suitable bridge model of 30 m - span double - line three - span simple beam for suspended monorail is supplied for the follow vibration analysis. The results show that the fundamental frequencies for transversal and vertical bending are 2.620 Hz and 5. 398 Hz. (3) The research shows that this 30 m - span bridge structure for suspended monorail system is reliable and suits the current situations in China，which provides a reference for the construction of suspended monorail transit system.
		2016 Vol. 33 (7): 30-35 [Abstract] ( 2931 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1102 KB) ( 2502 )

Tunnel Engineering

	36	Thinking of the Construction from New Gotthard Tunnel to Gaoligongslian Tunnel
		ZHANG Min - qing
		Abstract：Research purposes： New Gotthard tunnel has a length of 57.1 km, is one of the world's longest railway tunnel. In the process of its construction, in view of the complicated geological conditions, a series of research results is achieved. Gaoligongshan tunnel is the longest railway tunnel being built in our country, the total length of 34.538 km, same complex geological conditions, and will encounter many technical problems in the process of construction. Therefore , through reviewing and refining the technological achievements of New Gotthard tunnel , the Gaoligongshan tunnel geology is systematically analyzed , which will provide beneficial guidance on the successful construction of the Gaoligongshan tunnel. Research conclusions:( 1 ) The Gaoligongshan tunnel has the characteristics of 11 diversiform stratigraphic lithology , complicated geological structure , rich tunnel water , high ground temperature geothermal , obvious soft rock stress" , the construction process will encounter the technical problems , such as rich water fault , high ground stress deformation of soft rock , high temperature harm , and need to use the construction experience of New Gotthard mountain tunnel , adopt a series of technical measures , such as advanced support , grouting reinforcement and cooling and ventilation , to ensure the construction safety. (2) The Gaoligongshan tunnel construction period is short , the mechanical equipment setting and the construction organization and management must be strengthened , to ensure to finish on time. (3) The research results can be applied to design and construction of other tunnel engineering.
		2016 Vol. 33 (7): 36-40 [Abstract] ( 2662 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (945 KB) ( 2425 )

	41	Deformation Analysis and Study of Protective Measures of Slope Located on the Exit of Hantangpo Tunnel
		QIU En - xi1, SU Qian1，XUE Yuan2, LIU Yang2
		Abstract ： Research purposes ： In the excavation of the exit of Hantangpo tunnel, local cracking appeared at the surface of the slope，many cracks appeared in a curved distribution within 50 meters on the right side of the tunnel (the side near the hill). The width of the crack is 0. 1 ?5 cm, the maximum length is about 30 meters and the maximum visible depth is about 0. 45 meter. For the safety of the tunnel engineering，this article makes numerical simulation analysis of slope body and tunnel under different conditions based on field deformation observation data and field mapping, and then studies the deformation characteristics of tunnel and slope under different protective measures，which can provide design basis for the subsequent protective measures of tunnel excavation. Research conclusions:( 1 ) The Hantangpo tunnel is a shallow bias tunnel located in fault fracture zone. After the preliminary support of excavation，the deformation of the tunnel extended to the surface because of the tunnel bias and the broken rock mass， causing the surface cracking on the slope. (2) For the subsequent protective measures， the tunnel lining support strength should be improved and the backfill measures should be taken at the toe of the slope. The piles should be set at the left side of the tunnel if the deformation continues to develop in the subsequent construction process. After expert review, the measures of strength support and toe backfill can effectively control the deformation of tunnel and ensure the construction safety. (3) The research results can be applied to railway, highway, hydropower and other industries tunnel projects which can provide design basis for the protective measures of those similar shallow bias tunnels in fault fracture zone.
		2016 Vol. 33 (7): 41-45 [Abstract] ( 2668 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1079 KB) ( 2428 )

	46	Experimental Research on the Site Monitoring of Double Lining Structure in Shield Tunnel ^Hot!
		YANG Jun - sheng 1，XIAO Xiao - wen 1,ZHANG Cong 1,ZOU Zhi - lin2, ZHANG Xue - min1, LIANG Kui - sheng3, LIU Hong - zhen3
		Abstract: Research purposes: To explore the stress characteristics of double lining in undersea shield tunnel，taking undersea water - intaking shield tunnel of Taishan Nuclear Power Plant as background， this paper makes the field monitoring of double lining structure force， and based on field test data， proposes a method which can accurately calculate the undersea shield tunnel design load of soft soil layers. Research conclusions: 1 ) Monitoring results show that large cross section slurry pressurized balance shield and new lining construction method have many advantages such as quick construction and high quality. (2) Secondary lining of water - in taking shield tunnel mainly withstand internal water pressure, tunnel surrounding rock pressure is mainly borne by the segment. Segmental lining external water and soil pressure is affected by construction and formation conditions significantly. During construction, the earth pressure exists three periods like acceleration, deceleration and acceleration stabilized, and acceleration is the most critical period; soil pressure of stable period showed the next big small shape in whole , pressure distribution of measuring points is uneven distribution. Water seepage pressure distribution is consistent with the tunnel region , but affected by tunnel surrounding rock strata , water pressure distribution also has a certain randomness. The impact of secondary lining concrete solidification shrinkage weakens with time by the impact of second lining weight , the contact pressure between the double lining of vault is smaller , and arch foot is larger. (3) When the depth ≤1. 7D , vertical earth pressure =1.31 x rh , horizontal earth pressure = 1.65 xλrh ； When the depth of 1.7D < H≤2. 2D , vertical earth pressure =0.39 x rh , horizontal earth pressure = 1.35 xλrh ； When the depth H >2. 2D , vertical earth pressure =0. 63 x rh , horizontal earth pressure = 0. 61 x λrh. (4) The research results can provide guidance for the design and construction of undersea shield tunnel linings.
		2016 Vol. 33 (7): 46-53 [Abstract] ( 2913 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1633 KB) ( 2478 )

	54	Three Dimensional Simulation of Tunnel Construction in Squeezing Fault
		CHEN Zhi - min1, ZHAO De - an2，YU Yun - yan1
		Abstract ： Research purposes ： Muzhailing tunnel of Lanzhou - Chongqing railway is located in the western part of Qinling Mountain, its geological conditions are very complex. There is a squeezing fault of f in the Dazhangou inclined shaft，and the strata are consist of slate，sandston and carbonaceous slate. The measured geostress results showed that this location is in a very high level of geostress state， the maximum horizontal principal geostress is nearly vertical to Dazhangou inclined shaft and the measured horizontal lateral pressure coefficient is 3. 79. Soft rock crushing， high geostress state, high horizontal lateral pressure coefficient and other factors led to the poor stability for the shaft. The construction process was simulated by FLAC3D to predict the deformation rules and mechanical rules. The simulation results would be useful to determine the construction parameters and in - situ monitoring for the tunnel in squeezing fault. Research conclusions:( 1 ) Combined with rock lithology conditions， geostress conditions， supporting structure and dynamic construction，deformation characteristics of the shaft，the large lateral deformation was caused by the interaction of high horizontal lateral pressure coefficient and poor geological conditions and other factors，but the main reasons of the large lateral deformation were recognized as uneven vertical and horizontal loads, extreme adverse load conditions of support structure. (2) Due to the interaction of primary lining and surrounding rock, the reinforced zone of surrounding rock was obviously enhanced and the original stress relaxation problems had been alleviated. Longitudinal tensile stress zone was occurred in the working face because there were not support measures. (3) The final stability of surrounding rock was reached by longer time because of the interaction of support structure and surrounding rock under the high initial geostress condition. In the final stable state, the surrounding rock was in a high compresives stress state. (4) The compresives stress of the primary lining in the arch part was 215.00 MPa, in an extremely high compressive stress state. But there was large tensile stress appeared in the side wall of primary lining. The primary lining was in a dangerous stress state. ( 5 ) The research results can be referenced to determine the construction parameters and in - situ monitoring for the tunnel in squeezing fault.
		2016 Vol. 33 (7): 54-58 [Abstract] ( 2676 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1614 KB) ( 2428 )

	59	Influence of High Rock Temperature and Low Pressure on Piston Wind for Tunnels in High Altitude Plateau ^Hot!
		SUN San -xiang, ZHAO Shou, ZHANG Yun –xia
		Abstract ：Research purposes： The Qinghai - Tibet railway line in china, characterized with low barometric pressure, is the highest altitude railway in the world at present. Numbers of hot and boiling springs can be seen along the railway line. During tunnel operation， because of the long - standing puzzles of special conditions， the effects of the high altitude，high rock temperature and low pressure on tunnel piston wind needs to be further studied urgently. Research conclusions ： The three - dimension dynamic grid model was established by using the finite element software ANSYS/CFX14. 0. The model proved to be validity by the experimental data. Furthermore， the standard k - s turbulence model and Reynolds - averaging equations were employed to numerically simulate the influence of high rock temperature and low pressure on pressure coefficient of piston wind when single trains through the tunnel with variable speed. The results show that:(1) If the heat flux on the tunnel wall is less than 30 W/m2，its impact on the pressure coefficient is very little and could be neglected. (2) Compared with the standard atmosphere pressure 1.0 atm， the barometer pressure of 0. 562 5 atm on the high plateau shows no influence on the pressure coefficient of the tunnel piston wind. (3 ) The study results improve the calculation theory piton wind under the conditions of high altitude, high rock temperature and low pressure， and give guidance for the piston wind calculation of the special highland climate conditions of Qinghai - Tibet railway.
		2016 Vol. 33 (7): 59-63 [Abstract] ( 2870 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (918 KB) ( 2451 )

Electrification Engrinnering

	64	Comparison and Research on the Adaptability of Different Standard LTE Technology under High - speed Railway Scenario
		LI Dong
		Abstract:Research purposes: When the high - speed railway’s velocity is more than 250 km/h in China at present, it cant normally provide broadband data services of passenger oriented, and it mainly relies on three major operators of existing public 2G/3G/4G ( LTE) network reinforcement to provide voice and data services. By setting up the hardware in the loop simulation platform, it was explored about the adaptability of different standard LTE technology under high - speed railway mobile scenarios, to provide theoretical support for future planning and construction of railway broadband wireless network in China. Research conclusions:(1) FDD - LTE and TDD - LTE technology can provide security and reliability of the train to the broadband wireless communication, FDD - LTE compared with TDD - LTE has more high adaptability. (2)The change trend of FDD - LTE and TDD - LTE standard network block error rate (BLER) and throughput performance is consistent with movement speed. With the increase of the movement speed, the BLER will be increased, the throughput will be reduced; At a speed of more than 300 km/h, TDD - LTE network compared with FDD - LTE network performance will decrease more significantly； At a speed of more than 400 km/h，two standard network performance will significantly decreased; Under the condition of the same speed, FDD - LTE standard network performance is more stable than TDD - LTE standard. (3)The change trend of FDD - LTE and TDD - LTE standard network BLER and throughput performance is consistent with field strength coverage. With the increase of the field strength, the BLER will be reduced to a certain extent, and the throughput will be improved to a certain extent. Especially when the moving speed is higher, it is more obvious to improve the performance of coverage. (4) The research results can provide the basis and reference for the planning and construction of Chinas railway broadband wireless network.
		2016 Vol. 33 (7): 64-70 [Abstract] ( 2781 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1184 KB) ( 2433 )

	71	Electromagnetic Effect of Transient Process during EMU Passing Phase Insulator on Signal Equipment
		SU Li -xuan, ZHANG Chen
		Abstract ： Research purposes ： In railway operation， because signal equipment suffers transient electromagnetic interference during the high - speed EMU ( Electric Multiple Unit) passing phase insulator， working abnormally often takes place, and brings hidden danger to operation safety. The objective of the paper is to clarify the disturbance product mechanism，route， mode， and influence level by theory analysis and disturbance test of on - board and trackside sensitive signal equipment，so as to provide technical support for taking effective measures to reduce or eliminate the disturbance. Research conclusions: (1) The transient disturbance generated by the EMU passing phase insulator would spread both through space radiation and conduction coupling， effecting on the signal equipment finally. (2) The transient interference caused by the EMU passing phase insulator to the on - board BTM port was mainly differential mode pulse interference directly coupled from the antenna of on - board BTM. The interference level was sometimes greater than the received signal level of BTM, the worst SNR achieved to -9 dB. It could affect the normal work of the BTM. (3) The transient disturbance signal generated by the EMU passing phase insulator would be coupled to trackside signal facilities with all routes of traction current together. The maximum measured value of transient induced voltage in signal cable with length of single block section achieved to 360 V, which was far beyond the limit value of 60 V stipulated by the relevant standard, and would affect personal and equipment safety. (4) This research result can provide references for interference protection design of high speed railway signal system.
		2016 Vol. 33 (7): 71-77 [Abstract] ( 2890 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1056 KB) ( 2480 )

	78	Research on the Lengtli Optimization of Hump Accelerate Slope Based on Humping Safety of Vehicle ^Hot!
		WEI Qing - chao1, YIN Guo - dong1, LAI Lin2
		Abstract ： Research purposes ： The avoiding of hard rolling wagon colliding with easy rolling wagon and vehicle coupling at a high speed are considered in hump design specification，and the train operation performance and vehicle operation safety is neglected. At the same time， the method that designing slope after confirming hump height was proposed in hump design code not only confines the hump geometric design flexibility，but also limits the slide efficiency. Based on railway line parameters of a hump and train operation performance analysis， taking vehicle humping safety as the premise，length of the accelerate slope was optimized in this research. Research conclusions: (1) The regulated accelerate slope length in existing standard can ensure the humping safety. (2) The enhancement of vehicle humping speed is restricted for the regulated accelerate slope length in existing standard. (3) The selection slope can be increased suitably according to the hump level and the terrain conditions to enhance the humping efficiency of hump.
		2016 Vol. 33 (7): 78-82 [Abstract] ( 2689 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (768 KB) ( 2474 )

	83	The Design of Railway Station Structural Health Monitoring System Based on Multivariate Statistical Process Control
		HUANG Zu - guang,SHEN Zhao - wu,LIU Jun,CHEN Yan - chun
		Abstract ： Research purposes ： The rapid development of high - speed railway causes a large increase in the amount of the new long - span railway station. The health monitoring of the railway station has attracted attention , and building structural health monitoring system has become a research hotspot based on multivariate statistical process control methods. Research conclusions:Take Shijiazhuang station as an example, considering the design of the structure characteristics and environmental factors , this paper presents a structural health monitoring system including five - part based on multivariate statistical process control. ( 1 ) According to the engineering practice , the monitoring data model is constructed and its characteristics are analyzed. (2) Considering the uncertainty of environmental factors, the training data window , data size and control limit are determined , in order to reduce the false alarm. (3) The health monitoring and diagnosis system constructs T2 control chart and eases control chart for monitoring a set of variables related. (4) The two - tier data storage method meets the requirement of monitoring data real - time response. (5 ) The research not only enriches the practice of railway station building stricture health monitoring , but also provides reference for on - line monitoring system design of large buildings.
		2016 Vol. 33 (7): 83-87 [Abstract] ( 2684 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1312 KB) ( 2427 )

Urban Rail Construction

	88	The Risk Assessment of Shield Construction under the Condition of Adjacent Buildings in Xi’an Metro ^Hot!
		REN Jian - xi1，YANG Feng1, ZHU Yuan - wei2
		Abstract ： Research purposes ： Under the condition of adjacent buildings，the risk of metro shield construction need to be evaluated，and the main risk source and secondary risk source need to be determined. Taking a section in line 3 of Xiran metro as background, this paper uses the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to establish the risk assessment system of shield construction under the condition of adjacent buildings，assesses the risk; level of shield construction in the section，to provide the scientific basis for reducing the risk of shield construction level. Research conclusions:( 1 ) The main influence factors are the engineering geology，building foundation type，relative location of buildings and tunnel and shield construction technology， through analyzing the main risk factors of shield tunnel under the condition of adjacent buildings in the section. (2) Using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method， the rsk of shield tunnel under the condition of adjacent buildings in the section is third level, belonging to the moderate rsk. So the corresponding mitigation measures must be taken to make shield tunnel constrjiction rsk down to first level. (3 ) The research results can provide the references to the constrjiction safety of similar metro engineerng.
		2016 Vol. 33 (7): 88-93 [Abstract] ( 2812 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (572 KB) ( 2421 )

	94	Research on the Dismantling Temporary Support of Metro Station with Shallow - depth Subsurface - excavated and Large – span
		SUN Ke - guo1, GONG Yan - feng2, XU Wei - ping1, QIU Wen - ge1, ZHOU Hui - chao1
		Abstract：Research purposes ： For the metro station employing the double - shell lining with large span, the most dangerous state for the primary support is when the temporary support has been dismantled and the secondary lining haven’t been constructed. Under the basis of safety, reasonable organization of dismantling process has significant influence on the construction schedule. Since less research has been focused on the demolition effect and influence range for subsurface - excavated large - span subway station, this paper will deeply evaluate this problem based on practical project. Research conclusions: Theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, field monitoring and the incremental method have been used in this study to analyze the rule of internal force for support structure and the deformation of surrounding rock during the demolition of temporary support. Several conclusions have been obtained. ( 1 ) The influence zone of the demolition has limitation in the longitudinal direction of tunnel, for the Jiangxi road station, the length is 30 m. (2) The longer the single demolition length for temporary support is, the bigger the deformation of the surrounding rock is. However , when the length is over 30 meters , the increasing velocity becomes lower. ( 3 ) Three - dimensional numerical computation has been performed for various lengths of single demolition for temporary support , and combining with the allowable deformation of surrounding environment, the single demolition length has been suggested to be 6 m. (4) The method of damage stage has been utilized to evaluate the safety for single demolition length of 6 meters in temporary support , and the result has been compared with the on - site monitoring results. ( 5 ) The completion of the Jiangxi Road station has proved the validity of conclusion , which can provide references for similar projects.
		2016 Vol. 33 (7): 94-100 [Abstract] ( 2673 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1523 KB) ( 2469 )

	101	Research on the Adaptability of Building Modern Tramcar in the Northwest Area of Lanzhou
		LI Qiang
		Abstract ： Research purposes ： Modem tramcar is approved recently because of green and high fashion, but there is a gap between expectations of large traffic flow and effect of actual application, which becomes the main obstacle of its development. Through the analyses of traffic situation and traffic demand of northwest area of Lanzhou, this paper researches on the comprehensive adaptability to build modern tramcar system of northwest area of Lanzhou. It is expected that the research conclusion would become classic case of integrated plan on urban transport system, and applied conditions of modern tramcar is presented clearly. Research conclusions ： ( 1 ) Modern tramcar is suitable for the urban transport requirements for medium - sized passenger flows, longer distances and connection of several urban transportations. (2) It will focus on development of residential and commercial on the northwest area of Lanzhou, but there is single means of transportation, therefore, a new transportation is needed urgently. (3) There are many advantages to build modern tramcar along the Yellow River on this area , for example , higher efficiency , lower construction cost , improving urban landscape and so on , which can meet the area traffic demand perfectly.
		2016 Vol. 33 (7): 101-105 [Abstract] ( 2693 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1021 KB) ( 2421 )

Energy Saving and Environmental Protection

	106	Research on the Grade Evaluation for Railway Green Construction Based on Grey Clustering Methods
		BAO Xue -ying，YANG Shu，WANG Qi –cai
		Abstract ： Research purposes ： Green construction is an important measure for railway sustainable development. At present, there is a comprehensive set of evaluation criteria for green construction of constructional engineering in China. However，the research of green railway construction is still ongoing. Therefore， an evaluation method of railway green construction is presented based on the characteristics of green railway construction and the Green Construction Evaluation Standard of Construction Engineering. By this method， the assessment green level of railway construction can be achieved，and it also has a strong guiding role to regulate the green construction of Chinese railway. Research conclusions ： (1) The main influence factors of railway construction evaluation are construction management， environmental protection measures, water protection measures， environmental pollution control and energy saving. (2) According to the degree of satisfaction of the parameters, the railway green construction level can be divided into four grades, which are excellent,good,qualified and unqualified. (3) The green construction assessment level of inter - city railway from Lanzhou to Zhongchuan is good. (4)The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the assessment of the grade of railway green construction and be reference for the development of green construction evaluation standard of railway.
		2016 Vol. 33 (7): 106-107 [Abstract] ( 2735 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (481 KB) ( 2498 )