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2016 Vol. 33, No. 10
Published: 2016-10-15
Geology and Subgrade
Railway and Rail
Bridge Engineering
Tunnel Engineering
Research on Railway Networks
Survey and Design
Urban Rail Construction
Electrification Engineering
Research on Informationization
Communication Signals
 
       Research on Railway Networks
1 Prospects of the Overall Planning of Chongqing Railway Terminal
ZHOU Tian -jie，ZHANG Zhi，ZHOU Shao –xiong
Abstract：Research purposes： Chongqing is a center city of Chengdu - Chongqing urban agglomeration and is also an important comprehensive transportation terminal of the Yangtze River economic zone. In order to consolidate and enhance the supporting function of Chongqing transport system， and also to guide and coordinate the railway construction and urban development in the new period，this paper puts forward prospective propositions to restructure railway network and measures to strengthen the overall planning from the height of the national strategy and the regional development，by the deep analysis of the problems and prospects of the regional railway network structure and passenger and freight transport system distribution in Chongqing. Research conclusions ：( 1) The Chongqing railway will final plan to form the oversize comprehensive transportation hub of passenger 11 米"word radiation，freight 11 T Axis + Loop" . (2 ) The research and prospects of the regional railway network architecture of Chongqing terminal and the passenger and freight transport system distribution in overall planning highly fit the national strategy and the planning Chengdu - Chongqing urban agglomeration development. It not only lays the good foundations for the 13th five - year - plan of railway，the medium and long term railway network adjustment plan and the adjustment of urban master plan，but also plays a guiding，coordinating function for the urban development and the railway constriction of Chongqing and adjacent areas. ( 3 ) The research results have references for the railway constriction and development in other regions.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 1-4 [Abstract] ( 2744 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (3079 KB)  ( 2467 )
       Survey and Design
5 Methods and Ideas of Railway Route Selection in Complicated Mountainous Areas Hot!
WANG Zheng – ming
Abstract ： Research purposes ： Based on years of railway route selection practices in complicated mountainous areas of nortliwest China，the characteristics of railway route selection factors in complicated mountainous areas are summarized and analyzed. The research presents the Methods and ideas of railway route selection in complicated mountainous areas， the railway route schemes are determined scientifically and reasonably. The research provides technical guidance for the railway route selection in domestic complicated mountainous areas and lays the technical foundation for Chinese railway technology to go overseas. Research conclusion ：( 1)The five most obvious features of railway in complicated mountainous areas are" sparse urban economic areas， difficult topography， complicated geology， high environmental sensitivity and strong requirement of engineering safety". (2) The methods and ideas of railway route selection in complicated mountainous areas should implement "planning，major projects，environmental protection，geology，safety，comprehensive and systematic selection". (3) The impacts of the main effect factors on railway route selection should be fully analyzed. The principle of route selection and engineering treatment measures should be specifically proposed，comprehensive comparison and analysis is according to the principle of 11 make minor sacrifices to safeguard major interests"， then the optimal solution shall be determined. (4) The development of relevant professional technology，railway survey geographic information technology， construction technology and equipment level should be followed upcontinuously. Technological innovation should be carried out actively, in order to open thoughts and ideas of the railway route selection. (5) Methods and ideas of railway route selection in complicated mountainous areas, which were pointed out in this research, have an important reference and guidance significance for the domestic and international railway route selection in complicated mountainous areas.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 5-9 [Abstract] ( 2817 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (1869 KB)  ( 2541 )
10 Selection of Route in the Environmental Sensiti'^e Region of Qianjing -Zhangjijie - Changde Railway
LI Jin – cheng
Abstract：Research purposes： In this article， the characteristics of environmental sensitive regions in Qianjiang - Zhangiajie - Changde railway project are taken into consideration. The research focuses on the environmental comparison of the important railway sections which penetrate Longshan Yinjiajie provincial natural reserve of Hunan province and denking water source of Yemaohe reservoir of the second water factory in Xianfeng county of Hubei province，in order to select a railway route which is environmental benign and satisfies the technique ceteea. Research conclusions ：( 1 ) A comparison was made among various solutions，on the basis of a sufficient literature survey on the environmental sensitive regions. The core environmental sensitive regions should be circumvented. If penetrating the buffer area of environmental sensitive regions was unavoidable，tunnels or bridges should be adopted in the projects，since the influences on environment would be relatively less. (2) During the project survey and design phase，active communication work for environmental issues with environmental agencies of government were necessary. In order to combine the environmental impact assessment of railway with project survey and design， the formalities of environmental protection must be timely declared. Accordingly，the railway construction could be performed rapidly and legally. (3) The exemplary route selection methods for environmental sensitive regions of Qianjiang - Zhangiajie - Changde railway can provide both theoretical and practical references for route selections in the mid - west region as such regards.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 10-14 [Abstract] ( 2592 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF   (0 KB)  ( 2461 )
12 Selection of Route in the Environmental Sensiti'^e Region of Qianjing -Zhangjijie - Changde Railway
LI Jin – cheng
Abstract：Research purposes： In this article， the characteristics of environmental sensitive regions in Qianjiang - Zhangiajie - Changde railway project are taken into consideration. The research focuses on the environmental comparison of the important railway sections which penetrate Longshan Yinjiajie provincial natural reserve of Hunan province and denking water source of Yemaohe reservoir of the second water factory in Xianfeng county of Hubei province，in order to select a railway route which is environmental benign and satisfies the technique ceteea. Research conclusions ：( 1 ) A comparison was made among various solutions，on the basis of a sufficient literature survey on the environmental sensitive regions. The core environmental sensitive regions should be circumvented. If penetrating the buffer area of environmental sensitive regions was unavoidable，tunnels or bridges should be adopted in the projects，since the influences on environment would be relatively less. (2) During the project survey and design phase，active communication work for environmental issues with environmental agencies of government were necessary. In order to combine the environmental impact assessment of railway with project survey and design， the formalities of environmental protection must be timely declared. Accordingly，the railway construction could be performed rapidly and legally. (3) The exemplary route selection methods for environmental sensitive regions of Qianjiang - Zhangiajie - Changde railway can provide both theoretical and practical references for route selections in the mid - west region as such regards.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 12-15 [Abstract] ( 3277 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (1508 KB)  ( 2488 )
15 Discussion on the Layout Schemes of X - shape Junction Station of Passenger Dedicated Line
LIU Shi – feng
Abstract: Research purposes: Layout pattern choice of X- shape junction station will determine whether the station and line capacity of relevant passenger dedicated line is coordinated and interval ability can play an effective role，in the design work we should attach great importance to. The reasons which impacting section capacities on X - shape junction station are analyzed in this paper. Layout schemes of X - shape junction station are proposed after detailed discussions on the advantages and disadvantages of several schemes，meanwhile the suitable condition is advised for each scheme. Resarch conclusions ：( 1) Layout schemes oriented tack have wide adaptability to train flow and crossing train flow. The scheme，which connecting lines are located at each arrival throat section among the schemes connecting lines are located at both of station，is adopted in priority， and the schemes which connecting lines are located only one side of station are adopted in the second place. (2) Layout schemes oriented direction usually apply to the case where the criterion of passenger dedicated lines are different and no or small passengers transportation service in the junction station. The schemes oriented absolute direction with vertical separation connecting line for crossing - track trains are reasonable when the train flow and crossing train flow is bot!i great， layout scheme orient direction which the connecting line for crossing - track trains are located at each arrival throat section is preferred solution. The schemes oriented partial direction with plane crossing only apply the case where the train on the line and the crossing train flow is small. (3 ) The research results can provide some references for the design of junction station of passenger dedicated line.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 15-20 [Abstract] ( 2705 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF   (0 KB)  ( 2518 )
16 Discussion on the Layout Schemes of X - shape Junction Station of Passenger Dedicated Line
LIU Shi – feng
Abstract: Research purposes: Layout pattern choice of X- shape junction station will determine whether the station and line capacity of relevant passenger dedicated line is coordinated and interval ability can play an effective role，in the design work we should attach great importance to. The reasons which impacting section capacities on X - shape junction station are analyzed in this paper. Layout schemes of X - shape junction station are proposed after detailed discussions on the advantages and disadvantages of several schemes，meanwhile the suitable condition is advised for each scheme. Resarch conclusions ：( 1) Layout schemes oriented tack have wide adaptability to train flow and crossing train flow. The scheme，which connecting lines are located at each arrival throat section among the schemes connecting lines are located at both of station，is adopted in priority， and the schemes which connecting lines are located only one side of station are adopted in the second place. (2) Layout schemes oriented direction usually apply to the case where the criterion of passenger dedicated lines are different and no or small passengers transportation service in the junction station. The schemes oriented absolute direction with vertical separation connecting line for crossing - track trains are reasonable when the train flow and crossing train flow is bot!i great， layout scheme orient direction which the connecting line for crossing - track trains are located at each arrival throat section is preferred solution. The schemes oriented partial direction with plane crossing only apply the case where the train on the line and the crossing train flow is small. (3 ) The research results can provide some references for the design of junction station of passenger dedicated line.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 16-21 [Abstract] ( 2658 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (1007 KB)  ( 2432 )
21 Application of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle 3 D Imaging Technology in Railway Survey
WANG Dong[!]，JIANG Liang - wen2，ZHANG Guang - ze2，QU Ke2，FENG Tao1
Abstract:Research purposes: Through the research of UAV image 3Drailway survey technology，we can cope with the problems of low efficiency of railway surveying in Tibet - Sichuan - Yunnan，and local dangerous area survey precision not to meet the requirements of the design， and at the same time reduce the security risk investigation. This paper systematically describes the classification and application of UAV，and the basic principles of three - dimensional image technology. Based on a large number of on - site tests，studies the application of the UAV3D imaging technology in a wide range of geological route selection， tunnel exploration and rockfall， landslides， mudslides and other adverse geological survey. Compared with the traditional survey methods，the advantages of 3D image technology in the investigation of safety，efficiency and precision of the unmanned aerial vehicle are analyzed. Research conclusions： ( 1 ) The UAV 3D imaging technique can complete rockfall volume， coordinate calculation of middle strata shape measurement and landslides， mudslides and geometrical characteristics measurement and other investigation work. (2) The UAV 3D imaging technology can complete the structural identification， lithologic identification and other regional geological survey. (3 ) The UAV 3D imaging technology can improve the accuracy and efficiency of reconnaissance survey. (4) The UAV 3D imaging technology can be widely used in railway survey of complex mountainous area.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 21-24 [Abstract] ( 2593 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF   (0 KB)  ( 2479 )
22 Application of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle 3 D Imaging Technology in Railway Survey
WANG Dong[!]，JIANG Liang - wen2，ZHANG Guang - ze2，QU Ke2，FENG Tao1
Abstract:Research purposes: Through the research of UAV image 3Drailway survey technology，we can cope with the problems of low efficiency of railway surveying in Tibet - Sichuan - Yunnan，and local dangerous area survey precision not to meet the requirements of the design， and at the same time reduce the security risk investigation. This paper systematically describes the classification and application of UAV，and the basic principles of three - dimensional image technology. Based on a large number of on - site tests，studies the application of the UAV3D imaging technology in a wide range of geological route selection， tunnel exploration and rockfall， landslides， mudslides and other adverse geological survey. Compared with the traditional survey methods，the advantages of 3D image technology in the investigation of safety，efficiency and precision of the unmanned aerial vehicle are analyzed. Research conclusions： ( 1 ) The UAV 3D imaging technique can complete rockfall volume， coordinate calculation of middle strata shape measurement and landslides， mudslides and geometrical characteristics measurement and other investigation work. (2) The UAV 3D imaging technology can complete the structural identification， lithologic identification and other regional geological survey. (3 ) The UAV 3D imaging technology can improve the accuracy and efficiency of reconnaissance survey. (4) The UAV 3D imaging technology can be widely used in railway survey of complex mountainous area.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 22-25 [Abstract] ( 2774 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (1720 KB)  ( 2469 )
       Geology and Subgrade
25 Application Study of Vertical and Horizontal Seismic Wave Imaging in Nondestructive Detection of Subgrade
ZHAO Guang – mao
Abstract ： Research purposes ： Existing railway line often uses piling and other measures to control the disease，limited by concrete slab track， the object on track and operational security， traditional methods in high - speed railway are difficult to detect the effect of reinforcement. This paper presents a new idea of subgrade non destruction testing( NDT)， Candies out seismic wave transmission imaging study from the subgrade left and right sides on subgrade body，and after subgrade piling reinforcement makes comprehensive tests for seismic wave transmission，drill exploration and !d multiple methods to detect effect of this method in subgrade nondestructive testing，to provide effective help to detect high - speed railway subgrade. Research conclusions ：( 1 ) The proposed subgrade side NDT methods can acquire subgrade body more elastic parameters of rock and soil distribution image，such as vertical and horizontal velocity， Poisson Z ratio and elastic modulus，after which these parameters can be a better way to judge the state of the body，in particular，can get real - time soil Poisson ratio for each position in the field of subgrade body without resampling indoor testing， to facilitate judging the distribution of hard and soft soil and soil inside the subgrade. (2) By means of the methods of seismic wave transmission，drill exploration， Evd and excavation in the actual subgrade model，it is proved that： subgrade lateral seismic wave transmission detection method proposed in this paper can effectively reflect the extension direction and the surrounding dielectric strength of the embankment piles and other information to provide detailed information for the evaluation of the subgrade. ( 3 ) The proposed embankment lateral seismic wave transmission method can be used for high - speed railway subgrade NDT work without the channel dramatically reducing security risks $ to provide effective help for the subgrade maintenance and reinforcement and has a very strong guiding significance for railway subgrade detected in similar situations.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 25-28 [Abstract] ( 2628 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF   (0 KB)  ( 2538 )
26 Application Study of Vertical and Horizontal Seismic Wave Imaging in Nondestructive Detection of Subgrade
ZHAO Guang – mao
Abstract ： Research purposes ： Existing railway line often uses piling and other measures to control the disease，limited by concrete slab track， the object on track and operational security， traditional methods in high - speed railway are difficult to detect the effect of reinforcement. This paper presents a new idea of subgrade non destruction testing( NDT)， Candies out seismic wave transmission imaging study from the subgrade left and right sides on subgrade body，and after subgrade piling reinforcement makes comprehensive tests for seismic wave transmission，drill exploration and !d multiple methods to detect effect of this method in subgrade nondestructive testing，to provide effective help to detect high - speed railway subgrade. Research conclusions ：( 1 ) The proposed subgrade side NDT methods can acquire subgrade body more elastic parameters of rock and soil distribution image，such as vertical and horizontal velocity， Poisson Z ratio and elastic modulus，after which these parameters can be a better way to judge the state of the body，in particular，can get real - time soil Poisson ratio for each position in the field of subgrade body without resampling indoor testing， to facilitate judging the distribution of hard and soft soil and soil inside the subgrade. (2) By means of the methods of seismic wave transmission，drill exploration， Evd and excavation in the actual subgrade model，it is proved that： subgrade lateral seismic wave transmission detection method proposed in this paper can effectively reflect the extension direction and the surrounding dielectric strength of the embankment piles and other information to provide detailed information for the evaluation of the subgrade. ( 3 ) The proposed embankment lateral seismic wave transmission method can be used for high - speed railway subgrade NDT work without the channel dramatically reducing security risks $ to provide effective help for the subgrade maintenance and reinforcement and has a very strong guiding significance for railway subgrade detected in similar situations.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 26-30 [Abstract] ( 2643 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (683 KB)  ( 2476 )
29 Application of the Size Distribution Testing in the Using Red Clay into Padding
PENG Guo - xi，XIONG Ling - yang，QIU Shi – ting
Abstract：Research purposes: Guangxi is one of the concentrating distribution areas of the red clay. In recent years， there are many infrastructures of the railway and road in this area， so the matters using red clay into embankment padding present gradually. This paper first defines and classifies there decay in the way of the size distribution test，and solves whether or not the red clay is directly used into padding. Research conclusions:( 1 ) According to gravel content of size distribution test，the red clay is classified into four subclasses，which contain " high liquid limit soil"，" low liquid limit soil"，" high liquid limit soil containing gravel" and " grave containing fine - grained soil". (2) Based on the physical and mechanical properties of the four subclasses， the two types of red clay of 11 high liquid limit soil containing gravel" and 11 grave containing fine - grained soil" can directly be used as subgrade filling，the red clay of 11 low liquid limit soil" only can be directly used as roadbed fill in the 93 area，the red clay of 11 high liquid limit soil" may be used as roadbed fill in the 93 area after adopting the 11 package edge，drying" or " mixed gravel and lime improved" . (3) The research result has a guiding significance for the survey and design of geology in Guangxi area.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 29-32 [Abstract] ( 2575 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF   (0 KB)  ( 2517 )
31 Application of the Size Distribution Testing in the Using Red Clay into Padding
PENG Guo - xi，XIONG Ling - yang，QIU Shi – ting
Abstract：Research purposes: Guangxi is one of the concentrating distribution areas of the red clay. In recent years， there are many infrastructures of the railway and road in this area， so the matters using red clay into embankment padding present gradually. This paper first defines and classifies there decay in the way of the size distribution test，and solves whether or not the red clay is directly used into padding. Research conclusions:( 1 ) According to gravel content of size distribution test，the red clay is classified into four subclasses，which contain " high liquid limit soil"，" low liquid limit soil"，" high liquid limit soil containing gravel" and " grave containing fine - grained soil". (2) Based on the physical and mechanical properties of the four subclasses， the two types of red clay of 11 high liquid limit soil containing gravel" and 11 grave containing fine - grained soil" can directly be used as subgrade filling，the red clay of 11 low liquid limit soil" only can be directly used as roadbed fill in the 93 area，the red clay of 11 high liquid limit soil" may be used as roadbed fill in the 93 area after adopting the 11 package edge，drying" or " mixed gravel and lime improved" . (3) The research result has a guiding significance for the survey and design of geology in Guangxi area.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 31-35 [Abstract] ( 2590 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (433 KB)  ( 2423 )
33 Research on the Settlement Characteristics of Subgrade in the Test Section of Tianjin - Baoding Railway Hot!
CUI Wei – xiao
Abstract ： Research purposes ： The thick compressible foundation settlement control is the key technology of subgrade in the construction of high - speed railway. Based on the in - site test data and analysis of different types of ground treatment in the test section of Tianjin - Baoding Railway， this paper reveals the relations between the subgrade settlement and the type of reinforcement pile，pile spacing，length of pile and pile top foundation structure in deep thick compression layer of ground soil，selects proper method for settlement calculation and analysis. Research conclusion ：( 1 ) Since the settlement characteristics of prestressed pipe pile reinforced foundation and CFG pile reinforced foundation， pile top raft foundation and pile cap - net foundation are similar， the same settlement calculation method can be utilized. (2 ) If the diameter of pile and reinforcement depth is same， the pipe pile reinforcement spacing shall be the spacing of CFG pile plus one times of diameter of pile to achieve close settlement control. (3) If the type of pile，diameter of pile，pile spacing and reinforcement depth is same，the subgrade settlement of cap - net foundation is 1.4 times of raft foundation. (4) The thickness of compression layer shall be selected based on 0. 1 of the stress ratio when utilizing composite modulus method for subgrade settlement calculation，and 0. 2 of the stress ratio if equivalent application method is adopted. (5 ) When combining the 0. 6 times of calculation results based on composite modulus method with the 0. 4 times of equivalent application method calculation results，the fitness between the calculation results and field data increases dramatically. (6) The research results can be the guidance of subgrade settlement control design under condition of thick compressible foundation.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 33-38 [Abstract] ( 2588 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF   (0 KB)  ( 2560 )
36 Research on the Settlement Characteristics of Subgrade in the Test Section of Tianjin - Baoding Railway Hot!
CUI Wei – xiao
Abstract ： Research purposes ： The thick compressible foundation settlement control is the key technology of subgrade in the construction of high - speed railway. Based on the in - site test data and analysis of different types of ground treatment in the test section of Tianjin - Baoding Railway， this paper reveals the relations between the subgrade settlement and the type of reinforcement pile，pile spacing，length of pile and pile top foundation structure in deep thick compression layer of ground soil，selects proper method for settlement calculation and analysis. Research conclusion ：( 1 ) Since the settlement characteristics of prestressed pipe pile reinforced foundation and CFG pile reinforced foundation， pile top raft foundation and pile cap - net foundation are similar， the same settlement calculation method can be utilized. (2 ) If the diameter of pile and reinforcement depth is same， the pipe pile reinforcement spacing shall be the spacing of CFG pile plus one times of diameter of pile to achieve close settlement control. (3) If the type of pile，diameter of pile，pile spacing and reinforcement depth is same，the subgrade settlement of cap - net foundation is 1.4 times of raft foundation. (4) The thickness of compression layer shall be selected based on 0. 1 of the stress ratio when utilizing composite modulus method for subgrade settlement calculation，and 0. 2 of the stress ratio if equivalent application method is adopted. (5 ) When combining the 0. 6 times of calculation results based on composite modulus method with the 0. 4 times of equivalent application method calculation results，the fitness between the calculation results and field data increases dramatically. (6) The research results can be the guidance of subgrade settlement control design under condition of thick compressible foundation.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 36-40 [Abstract] ( 2736 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (717 KB)  ( 2460 )
39 Research on the Mechanical Characteristics of Asymmetrical Foundation Pit - in - pit Bracing System Hot!
JI Da – xue
Abstract ： Research purposes ： Pit - in - pit is a kind of widely used asymmetric foundation pit，but the corresponding theory is not mature and cooperative research reports are few，so that the extent of the impact is always determined by experiences. Based on the underground engineering in Nanjing Youth Olympic Axis Project，with characteristics of upper cantilever and lower internal bracing，through the finite element analysis，the deformation of retaining structure of the is pit - in - pit asymmetry foundation and soil pressure distribution was studied，and the results can provide a reference for engineering design. Research conclusions ：( 1) The distance between inner and outer pit retaining，as well as the excavation depth of the inner pit affects the deformation and stress in pit retaining structure significantly. (2) As the distance between inner and outer pi retaining shrinks，the deformation of the inner pi，with a direction to the outer retaining，decreases continuously until bias to the inner pit，then the lateral earth pressure of the inner retaining structure can be calculated as the case of normal earth surface，while considering certain safety factor. ( 3 ) When the pit excavation depth increases，the lateral displacement to the outside of the inner pit also increases; when the inner pit has not been dug or the excavation is very shallow，the earth pressure on the pit retaining structure above the bottom is between the active earth pressure and the earth pressure at rest; when the pit excavation is deep $ the earth pressure above the bottom is close to active earth pressure，and to the bottom gradually approaching to the earth pressure at rest. (4) The research results provide valuable reference for analysis and calculation of similar projects.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 39-44 [Abstract] ( 2927 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF   (0 KB)  ( 2457 )
41 Research on the Mechanical Characteristics of Asymmetrical Foundation Pit - in - pit Bracing System Hot!
JI Da – xue
Abstract ： Research purposes ： Pit - in - pit is a kind of widely used asymmetric foundation pit，but the corresponding theory is not mature and cooperative research reports are few，so that the extent of the impact is always determined by experiences. Based on the underground engineering in Nanjing Youth Olympic Axis Project，with characteristics of upper cantilever and lower internal bracing，through the finite element analysis，the deformation of retaining structure of the is pit - in - pit asymmetry foundation and soil pressure distribution was studied，and the results can provide a reference for engineering design. Research conclusions ：( 1) The distance between inner and outer pit retaining，as well as the excavation depth of the inner pit affects the deformation and stress in pit retaining structure significantly. (2) As the distance between inner and outer pi retaining shrinks，the deformation of the inner pi，with a direction to the outer retaining，decreases continuously until bias to the inner pit，then the lateral earth pressure of the inner retaining structure can be calculated as the case of normal earth surface，while considering certain safety factor. ( 3 ) When the pit excavation depth increases，the lateral displacement to the outside of the inner pit also increases; when the inner pit has not been dug or the excavation is very shallow，the earth pressure on the pit retaining structure above the bottom is between the active earth pressure and the earth pressure at rest; when the pit excavation is deep $ the earth pressure above the bottom is close to active earth pressure，and to the bottom gradually approaching to the earth pressure at rest. (4) The research results provide valuable reference for analysis and calculation of similar projects.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 41-45 [Abstract] ( 2629 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (1024 KB)  ( 2468 )
45 Research on the Treatment Measures about Subgrade on Expansive Mudstone of High - speed Railway in Arid Areas Hot!
ZHANG Guang – feng
Abstract:Research purposes: High - speed railway has strict requirements for the smoothness of the rails. Lanzhou - Xinjiang high - speed railway passes across a wide range mudstone region，cut the mudstone will disintegrate when meeting water，and it has large swell - shrink characteristic， so it can cause deformation on the surface of rail. The research on expansive rock ( soil) mainly focuses on ballasted track railway subgrade，lack of research on [allastless track railway subgrade. Therefore，it is necessary to carry out research on expansive mudstone treatment measures in arid area for high - speed railway subgrade，to guarantee the high - speed trains running smoothly. Research conclusions:( 1 ) Tertiary， Cretaceous and Jurassic mudstones have poor diagenesis， soft rock， and developmental joint fissure，it is easily weathered and easily disintegrated when meeting water，with larges well - shrink characteristic，weak and medium expansible. (2) Mudstone foundation treatment should consider the influence of depth of field atmospheric effects. (3) Groundwater is the main factor causing the expansion of mudstone， and foundation treatment needs to take necessary measures such as waterproofing，draining and moisturizing. (4) These research results have been successfully applied to high - speed railway with expansion mudstone subgrade， and accumulated rich experience for similar design，meanwhile can provide the reference for compiling some codes.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 45-48 [Abstract] ( 2653 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF   (0 KB)  ( 2492 )
46 Research on the Treatment Measures about Subgrade on Expansive Mudstone of High - speed Railway in Arid Areas Hot!
ZHANG Guang – feng
Abstract:Research purposes: High - speed railway has strict requirements for the smoothness of the rails. Lanzhou - Xinjiang high - speed railway passes across a wide range mudstone region，cut the mudstone will disintegrate when meeting water，and it has large swell - shrink characteristic， so it can cause deformation on the surface of rail. The research on expansive rock ( soil) mainly focuses on ballasted track railway subgrade，lack of research on [allastless track railway subgrade. Therefore，it is necessary to carry out research on expansive mudstone treatment measures in arid area for high - speed railway subgrade，to guarantee the high - speed trains running smoothly. Research conclusions:( 1 ) Tertiary， Cretaceous and Jurassic mudstones have poor diagenesis， soft rock， and developmental joint fissure，it is easily weathered and easily disintegrated when meeting water，with larges well - shrink characteristic，weak and medium expansible. (2) Mudstone foundation treatment should consider the influence of depth of field atmospheric effects. (3) Groundwater is the main factor causing the expansion of mudstone， and foundation treatment needs to take necessary measures such as waterproofing，draining and moisturizing. (4) These research results have been successfully applied to high - speed railway with expansion mudstone subgrade， and accumulated rich experience for similar design，meanwhile can provide the reference for compiling some codes.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 46-49 [Abstract] ( 2609 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (1168 KB)  ( 2437 )
49 Standard Establishment Thoughts and Product Performance Test of Railway Geocell
GAO Bai - song，YANG Quan
Abstract ： Research purposes ： The current product standard of geocell cannot satisfy the construction requirement of railway engineering，and it is necessary to establish the professional standard according to the characteristics of railway engineering. The functional requirements of railway engineering and performance indexes of product are closely combined in the process of standard establishment. Systematic research about product performance index should be proceeded in order to determine the engineering applicability of different products. Research conclusions：( 1 ) The new performance indexes of tear resistance， tensile strength between geocell slice， suspended loading time and uvioresistant percentage retained strength of node are put forward in the new standard，and reflect theproduct performance more comprehensively. (2) There are large differences of performance index between different geocell products according to the test results， the applicable products for foundation treatment， subgrade reinforcement and slope protection in railway engineering are proposed. ( 3 ) The establishment of railway industry standard unifies the product name and performance index， makes the production company and design， construction， supervision departments in railway engineering refer to, and specifies the application of geocell in railway engineering.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 49-54 [Abstract] ( 2611 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF   (0 KB)  ( 2543 )
50 Standard Establishment Thoughts and Product Performance Test of Railway Geocell
GAO Bai - song，YANG Quan
Abstract ： Research purposes ： The current product standard of geocell cannot satisfy the construction requirement of railway engineering，and it is necessary to establish the professional standard according to the characteristics of railway engineering. The functional requirements of railway engineering and performance indexes of product are closely combined in the process of standard establishment. Systematic research about product performance index should be proceeded in order to determine the engineering applicability of different products. Research conclusions：( 1 ) The new performance indexes of tear resistance， tensile strength between geocell slice， suspended loading time and uvioresistant percentage retained strength of node are put forward in the new standard，and reflect theproduct performance more comprehensively. (2) There are large differences of performance index between different geocell products according to the test results， the applicable products for foundation treatment， subgrade reinforcement and slope protection in railway engineering are proposed. ( 3 ) The establishment of railway industry standard unifies the product name and performance index， makes the production company and design， construction， supervision departments in railway engineering refer to, and specifies the application of geocell in railway engineering.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 50-53 [Abstract] ( 2694 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (1136 KB)  ( 2455 )
       Railway and Rail
54 Research on the Fastener Stiffness of Heavy Haul Railway Running 40 t Axle - load Trains Hot!
YANG Ji - zhong1，ZHAO Xin2，HU Lian - jun1，ZHANG Lei1，AN Bo - yang2
Abstract ： Research purposes ： In order to find the reasonable value of fastener stiffness on the heavy haul railway running 40 t axle - load trains，based on the theory of vehicle - track coupling dynamics，the effect of fastener stiffness on the low frequency vibration was studied by using AAR5 track irregularity spectrum as an excitation. A transient three dimensional wheel / rail rolling contact explicit finite element model was developed to analyze the effect of fastener stiffness on the high frequency vibration by taking the short wavelength irregularity excitation such as rail corrugation， welding joint and the wheel abrasion into consideration. Research conclusions ： ( 1 ) The fastener stiffness on the heavy haul lines mainly depends on therail] vertical displacement and the sleeper] load - bearing capacity. The lower limit of the fastener stiffness is determined by rail displacement，and the upper limit is determined by sleeper bearing capacity. (2) The effect of fastener stiffness on low frequency response (below 50 Hz) can be ignored. With the increase of fastener stiffness，the maximum wheel - rail contact force induced by the short wavelength irregularities gradually decreases，and the maximum pressure on rail ditch and ballast stress gradually become larger. The decreasing trend of wheel - rail contact force and ballast stress is slowing down and gradually tends to Ye stable after the fastener stiffness exceeds 200 MN/m. Relative to the wheel - rail contact force and ballast stress，the pressure on rail ditch is more sensitive to the change of fastener stiffness. (3) Taking the wheel - rail force; rail displacement and sleeper bearing capacity as criteria， as far as a heavy haul ballasted track structure which is characterized by 40 t axle - load and 90 k^/h speed is concerned， the optimal dynamic fastener stiffness ranges from 200 MN/m to 250 MN/m in case the maximum allowable rail displacement is 3. 30 mm and rail ditch pressure is 150 kN，and the optimal dynamic stiffness ranges from 200 MN/m to 600 MN/m in case the rail ditch pressure is 180 kN. (4) The research results can provide references for design of track structure in heavy haul railway.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 54-58 [Abstract] ( 2770 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (1043 KB)  ( 2489 )
55 Research on the Fastener Stiffness of Heavy Haul Railway Running 40 t Axle - load Trains Hot!
YANG Ji - zhong1，ZHAO Xin2，HU Lian - jun1，ZHANG Lei1，AN Bo - yang2
Abstract ： Research purposes ： In order to find the reasonable value of fastener stiffness on the heavy haul railway running 40 t axle - load trains，based on the theory of vehicle - track coupling dynamics，the effect of fastener stiffness on the low frequency vibration was studied by using AAR5 track irregularity spectrum as an excitation. A transient three dimensional wheel / rail rolling contact explicit finite element model was developed to analyze the effect of fastener stiffness on the high frequency vibration by taking the short wavelength irregularity excitation such as rail corrugation， welding joint and the wheel abrasion into consideration. Research conclusions ： ( 1 ) The fastener stiffness on the heavy haul lines mainly depends on therail] vertical displacement and the sleeper] load - bearing capacity. The lower limit of the fastener stiffness is determined by rail displacement，and the upper limit is determined by sleeper bearing capacity. (2) The effect of fastener stiffness on low frequency response (below 50 Hz) can be ignored. With the increase of fastener stiffness，the maximum wheel - rail contact force induced by the short wavelength irregularities gradually decreases，and the maximum pressure on rail ditch and ballast stress gradually become larger. The decreasing trend of wheel - rail contact force and ballast stress is slowing down and gradually tends to Ye stable after the fastener stiffness exceeds 200 MN/m. Relative to the wheel - rail contact force and ballast stress，the pressure on rail ditch is more sensitive to the change of fastener stiffness. (3) Taking the wheel - rail force; rail displacement and sleeper bearing capacity as criteria， as far as a heavy haul ballasted track structure which is characterized by 40 t axle - load and 90 k^/h speed is concerned， the optimal dynamic fastener stiffness ranges from 200 MN/m to 250 MN/m in case the maximum allowable rail displacement is 3. 30 mm and rail ditch pressure is 150 kN，and the optimal dynamic stiffness ranges from 200 MN/m to 600 MN/m in case the rail ditch pressure is 180 kN. (4) The research results can provide references for design of track structure in heavy haul railway.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 55-60 [Abstract] ( 2608 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF   (0 KB)  ( 2457 )
59 Research on the Comprehensive Property Promotion Measures of Type Ⅰ Elastic Fastening System
LIN Hong - song，ZHANG Lei，YAN Hua
Abstract ： Research purposes ： There are typical diseases in themajor parts of type Ⅰ elastic fastening system on the service process，such as spike rust，crushing of rail pad and Fw insulation performance. In order to ensure the service life of fastener system，reasons for typical diseases were discussed，and comprehensive property promotion measures of type n elastic fastening system were put forward on the basis of the application research of new materials， and were verified in field test. Research conclusions ：( 1 ) Typical diseases of type Ⅰ elastic fastening system were largely caused by the material performance degradation. (2) The alloy material could improve the antiseptic property of spike. (3) The polyurethane elastomer material could improve the crush resistance of rail pad. ( 4 ) The fiber reinforced resin composite material could improve the whole insulation performance of fastener system. (5) The components of type Ⅰ elastic fastening using new materials have high service life and less maintenance workload. (6) The research conclusion can provide a reference for comprehensive property promotion of type Ⅰelastic fastening system.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 59-64 [Abstract] ( 2664 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (779 KB)  ( 2463 )
61 Research on the Comprehensive Property Promotion Measures of Type Ⅰ Elastic Fastening System
LIN Hong - song，ZHANG Lei，YAN Hua
Abstract ： Research purposes ： There are typical diseases in themajor parts of type Ⅰ elastic fastening system on the service process，such as spike rust，crushing of rail pad and Fw insulation performance. In order to ensure the service life of fastener system，reasons for typical diseases were discussed，and comprehensive property promotion measures of type n elastic fastening system were put forward on the basis of the application research of new materials， and were verified in field test. Research conclusions ：( 1 ) Typical diseases of type Ⅰ elastic fastening system were largely caused by the material performance degradation. (2) The alloy material could improve the antiseptic property of spike. (3) The polyurethane elastomer material could improve the crush resistance of rail pad. ( 4 ) The fiber reinforced resin composite material could improve the whole insulation performance of fastener system. (5) The components of type Ⅰ elastic fastening using new materials have high service life and less maintenance workload. (6) The research conclusion can provide a reference for comprehensive property promotion of type Ⅰelastic fastening system.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 61-64 [Abstract] ( 2553 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF   (0 KB)  ( 2461 )
65 Discussion on the Technical Standard of Lane Edge and Its Connection Road
CHEN Dong - sheng，YUAN Ying - shuang
Abstract：Research purposes： The traffic flow^ of traffic hub has the fixed characteristics， and lane edge and its connection road are used to collect and distribute passenger flows fast，so the design is different from the urban road and highway design. There isa lack of systematic study of the relevant design standard，which has become the weak link in the design work. In this paper，the design standard are discussed. Research conclusions ：( 1) The deign speed of connection road of lane edge can be selected according to the actual situation from40km/h，30km/h or 20km/h. (2) The plane alignment of connection road of lane edge can sleet linear standard according to the design speed，and the graphic design of lane edge is affect by hub station form factor. (3 ) The longitudinal slope standard of connection road of lane edge can choose the reference standard of urban roads，but frozen snow area should not be greater than 4;，when the minimum vertical slope is less than 0.3;，drainage design should be strengthened，lane edge profile is controlled by the joining part hub station elevation. (4) Lane edge cross section is composed of the edge of the road belt，the through lane，buffer lane，drop - off lane and drop - off platform. Drop - off lane width is suggested to use 4.0 m，drop - off platform width to use 2. 0 m，and the other lane width can be selected by referring to urban road design code. (5) The research results have strong practical value in the design work of the highway of large comprehensive traffic hub.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 65-67 [Abstract] ( 2576 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (392 KB)  ( 2416 )
       Bridge Engineering
68 Research on the Dynamic Characteristics of High - pier and Large - span Railway Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge
LUO Gang，LIU Zhi - jun
Abstract ： Research purposes ： With the development of the train speed and the high speed and heavy haul railway， train bridge interaction， bridge seismic and other bridge dynamic structure is becoming increasingly prominent， the Chongqing - Guizhou railway Chaomen Wujiang bridge (92 + 168 +92) m Prestressd Concrete Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge as the engineering background，the dynamic problems including self vibration characteristics，seismic response spectrum，the vehicle bridge coupling are analyzed，the safety and comfort of the bridge are analyzed and evaluated， which provide the basis for the design of the dynamic structure of the bridg. Research conclusion ：( 1) In the calculation and analysis of tiie structure of tiie structure，the effect of pile soil and the side pier has some effect on the overall stiffness of the stricture. (2) When the main pier continuous rigid frame is high， the lateral stiffener is difficult to meet，the main pairs with two variable slope can be considered，which can significantly improve the lateral stiffness of the stricture，optimize the quality of distribution，and make the stricture lateral stiffness meet the requirements of the railway. ( 3 ) High pier and long - span strictures should be analysis of coupling vibration of vehicle bridge， considering interaction of train track structure， ensure vehicle running safety and comfort. ( 4 ) The research results can provide guidance and reference for the dynamic analysis of similar high pier and long span railway continuous rigid frame bridge.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 68-72 [Abstract] ( 2635 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF   (0 KB)  ( 2496 )
70 Research on the Dynamic Characteristics of High - pier and Large - span Railway Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge
LUO Gang，LIU Zhi - jun
Abstract ： Research purposes ： With the development of the train speed and the high speed and heavy haul railway， train bridge interaction， bridge seismic and other bridge dynamic structure is becoming increasingly prominent， the Chongqing - Guizhou railway Chaomen Wujiang bridge (92 + 168 +92) m Prestressd Concrete Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge as the engineering background，the dynamic problems including self vibration characteristics，seismic response spectrum，the vehicle bridge coupling are analyzed，the safety and comfort of the bridge are analyzed and evaluated， which provide the basis for the design of the dynamic structure of the bridg. Research conclusion ：( 1) In the calculation and analysis of tiie structure of tiie structure，the effect of pile soil and the side pier has some effect on the overall stiffness of the stricture. (2) When the main pier continuous rigid frame is high， the lateral stiffener is difficult to meet，the main pairs with two variable slope can be considered，which can significantly improve the lateral stiffness of the stricture，optimize the quality of distribution，and make the stricture lateral stiffness meet the requirements of the railway. ( 3 ) High pier and long - span strictures should be analysis of coupling vibration of vehicle bridge， considering interaction of train track structure， ensure vehicle running safety and comfort. ( 4 ) The research results can provide guidance and reference for the dynamic analysis of similar high pier and long span railway continuous rigid frame bridge.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 70-75 [Abstract] ( 2671 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (729 KB)  ( 2449 )
73 Research on the Key Techniques for Design of integrated Bridge and Construction and Bridge Structure of Hangzhou East Railway Station
SONG Zi - wei，WEN Gong - qi，PAN Mao - sheng，XUN Zhao - jun
Abstract: Research purposes: Hangzhou East Station is large and fully elevated passenger railway station featuring an integrated bridge and building structure， the design of the bridge structure will not only meet the railway load requirements，but also will be competent to carry the load from the building. This paper introduces the key techniques for the design of the bridge in the integrated bridge and construction. Research conclusions:(1) Hangzliou East Station adopts the concrete filled steel tube for pillar，and steel reinforced concrete for girder，which is reasonable and the component is reasonable and meet the requirements of the code. (2) As for the bridge and architecture unification， it is necessary to establish a whole model which contain both bridge and architecture construction to run the static calculation and analysis of vehicle bridge coupling. ( 3 ) Since the bridge of track bearing layer bears loads from bot!i the railway and the architecture，these loads should be combined according to the railway codes and the construction should be check - calculation on the basis of allowable stresses method. (4) The research conclusions can provide references for the similar structure in the future.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 73-76 [Abstract] ( 2634 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF   (0 KB)  ( 2564 )
76 Research on the Key Techniques for Design of integrated Bridge and Construction and Bridge Structure of Hangzhou East Railway Station
SONG Zi - wei，WEN Gong - qi，PAN Mao - sheng，XUN Zhao - jun
Abstract: Research purposes: Hangzhou East Station is large and fully elevated passenger railway station featuring an integrated bridge and building structure， the design of the bridge structure will not only meet the railway load requirements，but also will be competent to carry the load from the building. This paper introduces the key techniques for the design of the bridge in the integrated bridge and construction. Research conclusions:(1) Hangzliou East Station adopts the concrete filled steel tube for pillar，and steel reinforced concrete for girder，which is reasonable and the component is reasonable and meet the requirements of the code. (2) As for the bridge and architecture unification， it is necessary to establish a whole model which contain both bridge and architecture construction to run the static calculation and analysis of vehicle bridge coupling. ( 3 ) Since the bridge of track bearing layer bears loads from bot!i the railway and the architecture，these loads should be combined according to the railway codes and the construction should be check - calculation on the basis of allowable stresses method. (4) The research conclusions can provide references for the similar structure in the future.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 76-81 [Abstract] ( 2866 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (538 KB)  ( 2461 )
77 Research on the Dynamic Response of Isolated Bridge to Barge Impact
ZHANG Yan-jun
Abstract ： Research purposes ： The ship - bridge collision happens sometimes，which usually causes the damage of the bridge structure，service life and the security，even some catastrophic consequences like bridge collapse and death. According to accident investigation and analyses，it has been one of the tough questions in bridge engineering that ship - bridge collision may probably destroy the bridge. The data from America and all over the world shows 10; bridges were destroyed by ship collision. And it is predicted that the percentage will become bigger in the future. Thus，preventing bridge from ship collision becomes an international issue，and gets more and more attention from governments，scholars and engineering. Bridge structures must be capable of resisting ship and barge collision loads， and bridge design specifications employ equivalent static design loads due to vessel impact as an alternative to conducting fully dynamic impact analyses. To study dynamic responses of whole bridge installed lead rubber bearing( LRB) to barge impact，the ANSYS finite element code is presented in this paper. In the finite element model，barge - bridge collision process is simulated by impact element，and components of bridge，such as beam，pier and pile，are modeled by spatial beam elements. Therefore， a scientific basis is provided to improve the ability of anti - collision and safety in bridge engineering design. Research conclusions ：( 1) In this paper，linear viscous damping is considered the energy loss while impacting between barge and bridge. Results indicate that impact loads calculated by this paper method are about 80; of values which are based on full perfect elasticity collision model. (2) Lead rubber bearing can prevent impact energy transmitting from impacted pier to superstructure of bridge, which reduce the superstructure responses. In this paper, the isolation - rate of example is more than 70;. (3 ) It provides a basis for the ship speed and operation, the design and constructing of ship beam and pier, even for solving some maritime disputes.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 77-82 [Abstract] ( 2758 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF   (0 KB)  ( 2555 )
82 Research on the Dynamic Response of Isolated Bridge to Barge Impact
ZHANG Yan-jun
Abstract ： Research purposes ： The ship - bridge collision happens sometimes，which usually causes the damage of the bridge structure，service life and the security，even some catastrophic consequences like bridge collapse and death. According to accident investigation and analyses，it has been one of the tough questions in bridge engineering that ship - bridge collision may probably destroy the bridge. The data from America and all over the world shows 10; bridges were destroyed by ship collision. And it is predicted that the percentage will become bigger in the future. Thus，preventing bridge from ship collision becomes an international issue，and gets more and more attention from governments，scholars and engineering. Bridge structures must be capable of resisting ship and barge collision loads， and bridge design specifications employ equivalent static design loads due to vessel impact as an alternative to conducting fully dynamic impact analyses. To study dynamic responses of whole bridge installed lead rubber bearing( LRB) to barge impact，the ANSYS finite element code is presented in this paper. In the finite element model，barge - bridge collision process is simulated by impact element，and components of bridge，such as beam，pier and pile，are modeled by spatial beam elements. Therefore， a scientific basis is provided to improve the ability of anti - collision and safety in bridge engineering design. Research conclusions ：( 1) In this paper，linear viscous damping is considered the energy loss while impacting between barge and bridge. Results indicate that impact loads calculated by this paper method are about 80; of values which are based on full perfect elasticity collision model. (2) Lead rubber bearing can prevent impact energy transmitting from impacted pier to superstructure of bridge, which reduce the superstructure responses. In this paper, the isolation - rate of example is more than 70;. (3 ) It provides a basis for the ship speed and operation, the design and constructing of ship beam and pier, even for solving some maritime disputes.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 82-86 [Abstract] ( 2794 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (1089 KB)  ( 2447 )
       Tunnel Engineering
83 Research on the Design Method of High - speed Railway Tunnel Buffer Structure Hot!
ZHANG Gui - yang1，WANG Shi - qing1，MA Zhi - fu1，HU Xu - hong1，WU Jian2
Abstract ： Research purposes ： With the rapid development of high - speed railway construction，aerodynamic effects induced by high - speed train entering a tunnel are becoming more and more serious especially for long tunnels，and it is an urgent need to build standard for the design of buffer structures. In order to present a design method of high - speed railway tunnel buffer structures，the results of various research and optimization forms of the buffer structures were summerized，the in - site experiment on the propagation and amplification rules of tunnel pressure gradients was carried out，and the influence of the tunnel environment and existing cross passage were taken into account. The research will play an important role in realization of standardized design of high - speed railway tunnel buffer structures. Research conclusions ：( 1) Design of high - speed railway tunnel buffer strictures should take different calculation path according to the length of tunnels，it is recommended that amplification effects should be calculated if the length of tunnel is greater than 3 kilometer， otherwise，it can be ignored. ( 2 ) Nonlinear influence induced by the position of tunnel cross passage( slope) should be noticed when it is used as a measure to reduce the tunnel aerodynamic effects. (3 ) Results of this research can offer references to engineering design and practice of high - speed railway tunnel buffer structures.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 83-89 [Abstract] ( 2603 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF   (0 KB)  ( 2396 )
87 Research on the Design Method of High - speed Railway Tunnel Buffer Structure Hot!
ZHANG Gui - yang1，WANG Shi - qing1，MA Zhi - fu1，HU Xu - hong1，WU Jian2
Abstract ： Research purposes ： With the rapid development of high - speed railway construction，aerodynamic effects induced by high - speed train entering a tunnel are becoming more and more serious especially for long tunnels，and it is an urgent need to build standard for the design of buffer structures. In order to present a design method of high - speed railway tunnel buffer structures，the results of various research and optimization forms of the buffer structures were summerized，the in - site experiment on the propagation and amplification rules of tunnel pressure gradients was carried out，and the influence of the tunnel environment and existing cross passage were taken into account. The research will play an important role in realization of standardized design of high - speed railway tunnel buffer structures. Research conclusions ：( 1) Design of high - speed railway tunnel buffer strictures should take different calculation path according to the length of tunnels，it is recommended that amplification effects should be calculated if the length of tunnel is greater than 3 kilometer， otherwise，it can be ignored. ( 2 ) Nonlinear influence induced by the position of tunnel cross passage( slope) should be noticed when it is used as a measure to reduce the tunnel aerodynamic effects. (3 ) Results of this research can offer references to engineering design and practice of high - speed railway tunnel buffer structures.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 87-90 [Abstract] ( 2613 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (1179 KB)  ( 2366 )
90 Analysis of the Geologic Origin of Large Deformation of a Tunnel of Chengdu - Lanzhou Railway in Meizoseismal Areas Hot!
SONG Zhang1，DU Yu - ben1，TAO Yu - jing2，YUAN Chuan - bao2
Abstract ： Research purposes ： Based on the geological background of the complicated geological condition such as the intricate and active tectonic condition，extremely significant seismic effect，high tectonic stress field property，and soft and crushed formation anthology，which is under construction for the Chengdu - Lanzhou railway，the larger deformation phenomenon of tunnel which possessed the characteristic of soft and crushed surrounding rock in meizoseismal areas is relatively common. Based on the analysis of the survey，test data and deformation monitoring data，this article analyzed and researched the genetic mechanism of larger deformation of soft and crushed rock tunnel in meizoseismal areas from several aspects such as the engineering geological condition， formation anthology，tectonic，underground water， earthquake and stress field in engineering geological perspective. Research conclusions ：( 1 ) The section of larger deformation is located in the domain of influence of Pengxian - Guanxian fault zone in front of Longmen mountains fault in Wenchuan “ 5. 12" seismic area， with the extremely significant cracked and crushed surrounding rock effect. ! 2" The larger deformation was mainly shown as the deformation failure with the settlement of primary lining crown, splitting, clearance - intrusion and spilling of tunnel side wall, steel torsion and so on. (3) The deformation section was strongly influenced by Longmen mountain fault structure and Wenchuan "5. 12" earthquake, joint fissure of rock mass is developmental, the geologic origin mechanism of larger deformation failure could be summarized that ： the soft and cashed surrounding rock was the material basis of larger deformation, the intricate high stress field was the mechanics condition of larger deformation, and the action of the bedding lateral pressure caused by discontinuities and the groundwater softening further heightened larger deformation. We should enhance the management of monitoring measurement of primary lining, feed back and analyze timely the monitoring data of deformation to estimate scientifically and accurately the formation mechanism of larger deformation. (5 ) The analysis methods and conclusions can be widely applied in the survey and construction of the larger deformation of soft and crushed surrounding rock tunnel in similar geological condition in meizoseismal areas.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 90-96 [Abstract] ( 2522 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF   (0 KB)  ( 2436 )
91 Analysis of the Geologic Origin of Large Deformation of a Tunnel of Chengdu - Lanzhou Railway in Meizoseismal Areas Hot!
SONG Zhang1，DU Yu - ben1，TAO Yu - jing2，YUAN Chuan - bao2
Abstract ： Research purposes ： Based on the geological background of the complicated geological condition such as the intricate and active tectonic condition，extremely significant seismic effect，high tectonic stress field property，and soft and crushed formation anthology，which is under construction for the Chengdu - Lanzhou railway，the larger deformation phenomenon of tunnel which possessed the characteristic of soft and crushed surrounding rock in meizoseismal areas is relatively common. Based on the analysis of the survey，test data and deformation monitoring data，this article analyzed and researched the genetic mechanism of larger deformation of soft and crushed rock tunnel in meizoseismal areas from several aspects such as the engineering geological condition， formation anthology，tectonic，underground water， earthquake and stress field in engineering geological perspective. Research conclusions ：( 1 ) The section of larger deformation is located in the domain of influence of Pengxian - Guanxian fault zone in front of Longmen mountains fault in Wenchuan “ 5. 12" seismic area， with the extremely significant cracked and crushed surrounding rock effect. ! 2" The larger deformation was mainly shown as the deformation failure with the settlement of primary lining crown, splitting, clearance - intrusion and spilling of tunnel side wall, steel torsion and so on. (3) The deformation section was strongly influenced by Longmen mountain fault structure and Wenchuan "5. 12" earthquake, joint fissure of rock mass is developmental, the geologic origin mechanism of larger deformation failure could be summarized that ： the soft and cashed surrounding rock was the material basis of larger deformation, the intricate high stress field was the mechanics condition of larger deformation, and the action of the bedding lateral pressure caused by discontinuities and the groundwater softening further heightened larger deformation. We should enhance the management of monitoring measurement of primary lining, feed back and analyze timely the monitoring data of deformation to estimate scientifically and accurately the formation mechanism of larger deformation. (5 ) The analysis methods and conclusions can be widely applied in the survey and construction of the larger deformation of soft and crushed surrounding rock tunnel in similar geological condition in meizoseismal areas.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 91-94 [Abstract] ( 2591 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (2558 KB)  ( 2394 )
       Electrification Engineering
95 Research on the Grounding Protection of Traction Power Supply System in Medium and Low Speed Maglev Transportation
SHENG Rong - rong
Abstract ： Research purposes ： Some domestic cities are building and will build medium and Fw speed maglev transportation project， the power supply system is an important part of medium and low speed maglev project， DC traction power supply system is concerned with the safety and reliability of maglev traffic operation. This paper tries to understand and master the difference from conventional rail transit power supply system， proposes the grounding protection scheme of traction power supplysystem for medium and low speed maglev traffic，which has great help for the construction of medium and low speed maglev project. Research conclusions ：( 1 ) The power supply system structures in the low - speed maglev and urban rail transit are basically the same. (2) The main difference of maglev transportation power supply system is lies in the contact rail type，reflux，stray current protection，and so on. (3) Taking Changsiia maglev project design as the basis，the setting principle and main performance of magnetic power supply DC system grounding protection are discussed，the relationship of traditional frame work protection and DC grounding protection is analyzed，and DC grounding protection configuration scheme suitable for in maglev transportation is proposed. (4) The research results can be applied for the research and construction of the middle and low speed maglev project.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 95-100 [Abstract] ( 2603 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (549 KB)  ( 2459 )
97 Research on the Grounding Protection of Traction Power Supply System in Medium and Low Speed Maglev Transportation
SHENG Rong - rong
Abstract ： Research purposes ： Some domestic cities are building and will build medium and Fw speed maglev transportation project， the power supply system is an important part of medium and low speed maglev project， DC traction power supply system is concerned with the safety and reliability of maglev traffic operation. This paper tries to understand and master the difference from conventional rail transit power supply system， proposes the grounding protection scheme of traction power supplysystem for medium and low speed maglev traffic，which has great help for the construction of medium and low speed maglev project. Research conclusions ：( 1 ) The power supply system structures in the low - speed maglev and urban rail transit are basically the same. (2) The main difference of maglev transportation power supply system is lies in the contact rail type，reflux，stray current protection，and so on. (3) Taking Changsiia maglev project design as the basis，the setting principle and main performance of magnetic power supply DC system grounding protection are discussed，the relationship of traditional frame work protection and DC grounding protection is analyzed，and DC grounding protection configuration scheme suitable for in maglev transportation is proposed. (4) The research results can be applied for the research and construction of the middle and low speed maglev project.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 97-101 [Abstract] ( 2586 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF   (0 KB)  ( 2475 )
       Urban Rail Construction
101 Researchon the Difficulties and Solutions in Dandong - Dalian Railway Signal Engineering Design
WANG Song
Abstract ： Research purposes ： This paper focuses on difficulties in Dandong - Dalian railway signal engineering design， including integrated grounding at subgrade sections outside stations， remote video monitoring of switch gaps， balises setting at link stations to C3 sections and not - only - passenger stations，and dispatching design of Jinzhou station， analyzes the feasibilities of various programs，and proposes the ultimate solution. Research conclusions ：( 1 ) The directly buried mode linking up grounding wire at subgrade sections outside stations could conform to requirements of ground resistance mostly. ( 2) Switch gap video monitoring system networking independently could make the remote monitoring real - time. (3) Balises setting mode of C2 and C3 at link stations to C3 sections should be compatible with each other. (4 ) Balises setting at not - only - passenger stations should satisfy requirements of transport. (5 ) Jinzhou station should have different centralized control mode of railway bureau or station，depending on requirements of transport. (6) The research result can provide reference for other similar railway project.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 101-105 [Abstract] ( 2654 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (457 KB)  ( 2411 )
102 Researchon the Difficulties and Solutions in Dandong - Dalian Railway Signal Engineering Design
WANG Song
Abstract ： Research purposes ： This paper focuses on difficulties in Dandong - Dalian railway signal engineering design， including integrated grounding at subgrade sections outside stations， remote video monitoring of switch gaps， balises setting at link stations to C3 sections and not - only - passenger stations，and dispatching design of Jinzhou station， analyzes the feasibilities of various programs，and proposes the ultimate solution. Research conclusions ：( 1 ) The directly buried mode linking up grounding wire at subgrade sections outside stations could conform to requirements of ground resistance mostly. ( 2) Switch gap video monitoring system networking independently could make the remote monitoring real - time. (3) Balises setting mode of C2 and C3 at link stations to C3 sections should be compatible with each other. (4 ) Balises setting at not - only - passenger stations should satisfy requirements of transport. (5 ) Jinzhou station should have different centralized control mode of railway bureau or station，depending on requirements of transport. (6) The research result can provide reference for other similar railway project.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 102-105 [Abstract] ( 2633 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF   (0 KB)  ( 2537 )
       Research on Informationization
106 Research on the Fusion Technology of BIM and GIS Applied in Railway Information Deployment
FAN Deng - ke
Abstract ：Research purposes ： As focusing on different application scopes，BIM and GIS， employing 3D information model as research object，show their respective advantages in various aspects，such as detail and scale. Unfortunately， it has limitation to prompt railway information deployment using BIM1 or GIS independently. This paper makes the researches on fusion technology of BIM and GIS applied in railway information deployment. Research conclusions ： This paper introduces the exploration for railway information employment from two perspectives ： research and application. ( 1) An investigation is proposed on semantic expansion scheme of railway engineering element which lays a foundation to exchange semantic info between BIM and GIS. (2) The scenaro is proposed to integrate BIM1 model on GIS platform with data format transformation method as the core. Sequentially，from three aspects including Geometer，semantic and property，the validation is made to illustrate the practicability of applying this fusion technology. (3 ) The research results have always been applied in several BIM deigning projects for railway engineering such as Harbin railway station reconstructed project and Hangzhou South railway station new project. It indicates that the data Sharing capability of large station models is much more reinforced，the integration and management level of GIS platform employing BIM design models are also improved.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 106-110 [Abstract] ( 2828 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (655 KB)  ( 2477 )
       Communication Signals
111 The Adaptability and the Improvement in Engineering of the Lower - medium Speed Maglev Transit System
ZENG Guo - bao
Abstract ： Research purposes ： Based on the understanding of the principle and technical advantage of lower - medium speed maglev transit system，this article is to research in what areas this new transit style can Te used，and point out the problems existing in low speed maglev traffic engineering promoting. Combined with the requirements of rail transit Passenger and urban environment，we should explore the future development direction of lower - medium speed maglev transit system. Research conclusions ： As a new model of urban transit，the lower - medium speed maglev transit system characterizes with small radius，great grade ability，low noise and liberation，it can be used in urban transit system. In order to spread the utilization of this new transit system， we should further research how to increase the capacity by improving the switch，how to reduce the weight of the vehicles， how to modularize the structural engineering such as bridge and sub - rail foundations，how to simplify the depot facilities and what kind of facility should be equipped for evacuation. This paper can be a reference for establishment of the relevant technical standard.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 111-115 [Abstract] ( 2687 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF   (0 KB)  ( 2519 )
112 The Adaptability and the Improvement in Engineering of the Lower - medium Speed Maglev Transit System
ZENG Guo - bao
Abstract ： Research purposes ： Based on the understanding of the principle and technical advantage of lower - medium speed maglev transit system，this article is to research in what areas this new transit style can Te used，and point out the problems existing in low speed maglev traffic engineering promoting. Combined with the requirements of rail transit Passenger and urban environment，we should explore the future development direction of lower - medium speed maglev transit system. Research conclusions ： As a new model of urban transit，the lower - medium speed maglev transit system characterizes with small radius，great grade ability，low noise and liberation，it can be used in urban transit system. In order to spread the utilization of this new transit system， we should further research how to increase the capacity by improving the switch，how to reduce the weight of the vehicles， how to modularize the structural engineering such as bridge and sub - rail foundations，how to simplify the depot facilities and what kind of facility should be equipped for evacuation. This paper can be a reference for establishment of the relevant technical standard.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 112-116 [Abstract] ( 2971 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (2960 KB)  ( 2465 )
116 Research on the Design of Drainage Pumping Station in Long Subsea Tunnel of Metro
CUI Jia
Abstract ： Research purposes ： Long subsea tunnel of metro has the characteristics of long length， deep depth，large span of sea segment， much structural percolating water， particularly important for operation safety and so on. And its structural percolating water and fire - fighting waste water all flow to the tunnel bottom，making great request on the design of drainage pumping station. Therefore，it is extremely important for the safe operation of long subsea tunnel of metro to research design and implement a set of safe， efficient，stable，reliable and economic system of drainage pumping station. Research conclusions ： Combined with the actual situation of subsea tunnel project of rail transit line 3 in Xiamen，and comprehensive analysis of its factors of drainage category， drainage method， displacement and difficult point of the design of drainage pumping station， the following conclusions are drawn ：( 1 ) According to the geological conditions of subsea tunnel project，and combined with similar project experience，the preliminary estimate the structural percolating water is 2 500 m3/d. ( 2 ) Through the scheme comparison， determine the scheme of drainage system to set up two drainage pumping station and promotion once，and briefly introduce the design of drainage pumping station. (3) Select water pump and pipe with good anti - corrosion and compression performance，ensure the stability and safety of drainage system and drainage pumping station. (4 ) It has the reference value for other design of drainage pumping station in long subsea tunnel of metro.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 116-121 [Abstract] ( 2609 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF   (0 KB)  ( 2403 )
117 Research on the Design of Drainage Pumping Station in Long Subsea Tunnel of Metro
CUI Jia
Abstract ： Research purposes ： Long subsea tunnel of metro has the characteristics of long length， deep depth，large span of sea segment， much structural percolating water， particularly important for operation safety and so on. And its structural percolating water and fire - fighting waste water all flow to the tunnel bottom，making great request on the design of drainage pumping station. Therefore，it is extremely important for the safe operation of long subsea tunnel of metro to research design and implement a set of safe， efficient，stable，reliable and economic system of drainage pumping station. Research conclusions ： Combined with the actual situation of subsea tunnel project of rail transit line 3 in Xiamen，and comprehensive analysis of its factors of drainage category， drainage method， displacement and difficult point of the design of drainage pumping station， the following conclusions are drawn ：( 1 ) According to the geological conditions of subsea tunnel project，and combined with similar project experience，the preliminary estimate the structural percolating water is 2 500 m3/d. ( 2 ) Through the scheme comparison， determine the scheme of drainage system to set up two drainage pumping station and promotion once，and briefly introduce the design of drainage pumping station. (3) Select water pump and pipe with good anti - corrosion and compression performance，ensure the stability and safety of drainage system and drainage pumping station. (4 ) It has the reference value for other design of drainage pumping station in long subsea tunnel of metro.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 117-121 [Abstract] ( 2573 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (749 KB)  ( 2415 )
122 Research on the Flow Process Workshop Design of Car Overhaul and Heavy Repair Works in Metro Depots
ZHANG Xiong
Abstract：Research purposes: As the load of car overhaul and heavy repair in a metro workshop is increasing，as well as the flow process technique is applied to the works，the design of workshops is more and more complicated，and the efficiency more and more depends on the virtue of design scheme. By studying of the flow process technique and the workshop layout for car repair，it is expected that the methods，principles and examples could be brought forward Nor using in the design，construction and operation of metro depots. Research conclusions:(1) The analyzing methods and examples for work bays capacity matching and the equivalent capacity of the workshop were presented，and it showed that the utilization rate of each work bay could not be 100; on most of cases，so the calculation and analysis should be done by designers on each project. (2) The scheme of using traverse table is more flexible to work sand more easy to accommodate the work circumstances. On case of that the cars to be repaired do not need painting and the capacity of workshop is some little，the through workshop layout scheme might be available. ( 3 ) The four types of workshop layout and their pre - conditions were presented in this paper as references for engineering design.
2016 Vol. 33 (10): 122-128 [Abstract] ( 2863 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (1030 KB)  ( 2459 )
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