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2022 Vol. 39, No. 4 Published: 2022-04-15

Urban Rail Construction Engineering Economy and Management Main Line: Survey and Design Main Line: Engineering Geology and Subgrade Main Line: Railway and Rail Main Line: Communication Signals Terminal,Station yard and Building Information Technology Research on Technical Standards and Specifications

Main Line: Survey and Design

	1	Application of Multi-criteria Compromise Ranking Method(VIKOR) in Overseas Railway Alignment Selection
		MA Yanxiang
		Research purposes: In comparison and selection of overseas railway alignment, due to the private ownership of land, difficulties in land acquisition and demolition, high environmental protection requirements and other constraints, meanwhile, different demands of stakeholders such as government departments and social organizations, the difficulties in comparison and selection of railway alignment are increased. How to choose the alignment reasonably, balance the demands of all stakeholders as far as possible, and maximize the group interests has become a big problem in overseas railway alignment selection. Research conclusions: (1) According to the characteristics of overseas projects, a multi-objective decision-making model is established based on following evaluation aspects: technical benefit, economic benefit, environmental benefit, social benefit and project executable benefit. (2) The multi-criteria compromise ranking method is proposed to calculate the model, and priority and ranking of alignment options are obtained by the comparison. (3) The method is verified by a case study. This method has the characteristics of simple principle, stable results and high resolution, and has a certain application prospect in the research of overseas railway alignment selection.
		2022 Vol. 39 (4): 1-4 [Abstract] ( 3925 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (736 KB) ( 1882 )

	5	Application of Driving and Shunting Routes Separation in the Design of Station Throat Area
		ZENG Fengmei
		Research purposes: Passenger and freight railway stations need to handle passenger and freight operations, which have a wide variety of operations, complex operation contents and many factors of cross interference. This requires that multiple operations should be carried out simultaneously when designing the throat area of the station, and keep it safe and efficient. Based on the analysis of the technical operation content and process of stations in the section of mixed passenger and freight, and in view of the relevant specifications for the separation of driving and shunting route, this paper discusses some precautions that should be followed in the throat area of the station in order to meet the synchronous operation of driving and shunting. Finally, taking the throat area modification of an intermediate station of mixed passenger and freight as an example, this paper analyzes the specific application of driving and shunting route separation in the design of throat area of the station. Research conclusions: (1) The specific ideas and steps that should be followed in the design of station throat area are put forward. (2) By analyzing the types of train operations handled by the station, the operations that need be carried out simultaneously are identified, and the corresponding parallel paths are set in the throat area. (3) Through the design modification examples, it can provide reference and guidance for the design of throat area of passenger-freight railway station.
		2022 Vol. 39 (4): 5-10 [Abstract] ( 3918 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (619 KB) ( 1869 )

	11	Study and Analysis of the Key Technologies of High Speed Railway in Tropical Marine Environment
		YAO Yuchun, CHEN Sixiao, YANG Jia
		Research purposes: Tropical marine environment has the characteristics of high temperature, high humidity, high salt, strong typhoon, heavy rainfall, strong corrosion and strong lightning. Under this condition, the construction of high-speed railway needs to solve the key technical problems such as corrosion prevention of bridge concrete structure in high temperature and high humidity marine environment, reliability of electrification equipment in strong typhoon, high corrosion and strong lightning, effective reinforcement and protection of subgrade slope and traffic safety of high-speed railway under the condition of strong typhoon and heavy rainfall, which are systematically studied in this paper. Research conclusions: (1) The concrete performance index of bridge cast-in-place pile in severely corrosive environment and the durability improvement technology of bridge cast-in-place pile and pier and abutment structure are put forward. (2) The wind proof integral cantilever system of high-speed railway catenary in strong typhoon environment, lightning protection method of catenary structure in strong lightning environment and anti-corrosion measures of electrification equipment in strong corrosion environment are put forward. (3) This paper reveals the protection effects of different protection forms of subgrade slope and different natural forest forms against heavy rainfall and typhoon, and puts forward the selection principle of subgrade slope reinforcement and protection form under the condition of coastal heavy typhoon and heavy rainfall. (4) This paper can provide a reference for the construction of high-speed railway in tropical marine environment.
		2022 Vol. 39 (4): 11-16 [Abstract] ( 3911 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1114 KB) ( 1918 )

	17	Research on the Method of Determining Foundation Bearing Capacity by Wave Velocity
		CHEN Zelian, MA Yuan, LI Zhihua
		Research purposes: With the development of geophysical prospecting technology, it is more and more widely used in railway engineering geological prospecting, especially in difficult and complex mountainous areas and dense forest areas. Some railway projects have adopted a comprehensive prospecting mode based on geophysical exploration. However, geotechnical bearing capacity and other parameters are needed in engineering design, so it is necessary to study and solve the problems of refinement and quantification of geophysical exploration and providing geotechnical parameters. Taking clay as an example, this paper intends to establish a new method for determining foundation bearing capacity based on shear wave velocity. By studying the relationship between wave velocity and standard penetration of clay soil, the relational expression between wave velocity and standard penetration blow count is established, and the standard penetration blow count is obtained by calculating the measured shear wave velocity, and then the bearing capacity of foundation is determined. Research conclusions: (1) The model for determining foundation bearing capacity based on shear wave velocity established in this study is accurate and reliable, and it is an effective method to obtain the bearing capacity of foundation in the area without drilling holes. (2) When this method is applied in other areas, it should be analyzed in combination with the field data, instead of directly applying the formula in this study. (3) This method is not applicable to the area with frequent geological mutation where the stratum changes greatly, and conventional investigation is recommended. (4) The research results could be used in mountainous area with simple stratum structure, and the accuracy can meet the demand of preliminary railway design.
		2022 Vol. 39 (4): 17-19 [Abstract] ( 3212 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (422 KB) ( 1922 )

Main Line: Engineering Geology and Subgrade

	20	Research on the Movement Characteristics and Parameters of Debris Flow in Rangdaqu
		MIAO Xiaoqi
		Research purposes: The mud-rock flow ditch of Ruandaqu is located in the complex and dangerous mountainous area in southeast Tibet. The construction of a railway in Tibet is under planning to cross the mud-rock flow ditch. The parameters such as the movement characteristics and flow velocity of debris flow, peak flow, volume, the maximum accumulation thickness at a time, the impact force of overall debris flow and block stone under the action of rainstorm peak and ice avalanches swells are studied, to provide the basis for the project setting. Research conclusions: (1) The mudslides in Rangdaqu have the basic conditions for the formation of large-scale debris flow disasters; (2) When the glacier retreats to the steep area of the glacier greater than 15°, it is prone to ice avalanche swells, which may form the disaster chain of "ice avalanche swells-glacial lake overflow-flood-debris flow"; (3) The parameters required for engineering settings such as bulk density of debris flow, debris flow velocity, peak flow, overall impact force of debris flow, rock impact force, total volume and maximum accumulation thickness of debris flow under the two working conditions of debris flow caused by heavy rain and ice avalanche swell are comprehensively studied; (4) The research result can provide reference for the analysis and calculation of the motion parameters of debris flow generated by ice avalanches and swells in the canyon area of southeastern Tibet.
		2022 Vol. 39 (4): 20-25 [Abstract] ( 3900 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (659 KB) ( 1863 )

	26	Experimental Research on the Treatment of Deep Gravel Clayin Ballastless Track by Ultra-short CFG Pile
		WANG Xiang
		Research purposes: The hard plastic gravelly clay belongs to the medium compressibility clay. As the ballastless track foundation, the deep gravelly clay has no problem in stability. However, there are few research results on how to deal with the foundation. According to the traditional concept, the maximum treatment depth of high-speed railway ballastless track foundation is 30 m when it meets similar soil, and the cost of foundation treatment is high. It is worth studying whether the lighter treatment measures such as short piles can be used to meet the requirements of post-construction settlement. Based on the in-situ test of the treatment of deep gravel clay foundation with extra-short pile, the change rules of foundation settlement, deep settlement, lateral displacement, and earth pressure are determined to accumulate experience for the treatment of deep gravel clay foundation of ballastless track of high-speed railway. Research conclusions: (1)When the gravel clay foundation is 26 m thick and the embankment is 7 m high, the ultra short pile of 6 m can meet the requirements of post-construction settlement of ballastless track. It is of great significance to optimize the medium compression foundation treatment of high-speed railway. (2)The total settlement of the deep gravel clay foundation is small, the maximum settlement is about 8.7 cm, and the settlement of the foundation has the law of rapid convergence. When the filling is completed, the settlement accounts for 84.7%~86.4% of the total settlement, which is very beneficial to control the post-construction settlement. (3)The pile-soil stress ratio of composite foundation with short pile increases with the increase of load. The average value of pile-soil stress ratio after load stabilization is 2.9, and the foundation soil also bears about 80% of the earth pressure. (4)The research results can provide basis and reference for the foundation treatment of medium compressibility soil of high-speed railway, and accumulate data for relevant specifications.
		2022 Vol. 39 (4): 26-30 [Abstract] ( 3931 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (445 KB) ( 1890 )

	31	Evaluation on the Influence of Dongcuoqu Glacial Lake Outburst on Railway Station Engineering
		LI Junqing
		Research purposes: Luolong Station is a railway station in Southeast Tibet, located in the downstream of Dongcuoqu, where a glacial lake debris flow trench is developed at the upstream source. The glacial lake outburst has a great impact on the Luolong Station. In this paper, the flow rate and flow velocity of the glacier lake collapse are calculated through multi-phase remote sensing interpretation, on-site investigation, and empirical formula. The safety of subgrade and bridge schemes under superimposed rainfall conditions in a hundred years is evaluated. Research conclusions: (1) After comparative analysis, the Costa J E empirical formula is more suitable for the calculation of glacial lake outburst flow. (2) The main ditch of Dongcuoqu is mildly prone to debris flow, and is in the recession-stop period; The susceptibility of branch ditch is mild to moderate, and there is the possibility of a debris flow disaster, and the potential harm is great. The risk level of Dongcuoqu glacial lake dammed lake is Class I. (3) Comparing flow capacity of the subgrade and bridge in the extremely cases, the bridge shechme is recommended. (4) In order to ensure the project safety, strengthening the monitoring and early-warn at Luolong Station as well as anti-scour measures along the river are suggested. (5) The research results have guiding significance for Luolong Station, and it also provides a scientific basis for route selection in railway.
		2022 Vol. 39 (4): 31-37 [Abstract] ( 3901 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (758 KB) ( 1875 )

	38	Research on the Influence of Karst Leakage on the Integrity of Cast-in-place Pile
		CHANG Juyou, CAO Qiang, ZHAO Zhong, YI Honghong, LIU Fei, CHANG Chao
		Research purposes: The article 4.4.6 of the Technical Specification for Testing of Railway Piles (TB 10218-2019) states that: the reflection signal from the bottom of end-bearing piles detected by reflected wave method should be reverse feature, which can be used to detect the reflection signal from the bottom of end-bearing piles in situ, the reflection wave method is used to detect the reflection signal characteristics of the bottom of the end-bearing pile, which is more positive than reverse, and the karst leakage of the cast-in-place pile in limestone stratum leads to waste of concrete and affects the integrity of the pile. Therefore, the reflection wave method is used to detect the reflection signal from the bottom of end-bearing piles, and how to control the waste of concrete karst slurry is studied. Research conclusions: (1) The rock surface at the end of the end-bearing pile is rough and uneven, and a small amount of sediment remains, which forms a low impedance sediment concrete with an average thickness of about 50 mm, which makes the reflection of the bottom of the pile present a positive feature, there are only a few hand-dug piles whose rock strength is greater than the strength of pile concrete. The pile bottom is clean and has no water. (2) The end-bearing pile construction causes karst leakage and waste of concrete, and also causes serious segregation of the pile, re-work and time-consuming materials, which can be replaced by permanent double cage or permanent steel casing pile construction. (3) The research results can provide reference for the construction of cast-in-place pile in karst area of railway and highway.
		2022 Vol. 39 (4): 38-42 [Abstract] ( 2149 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (756 KB) ( 1878 )

Main Line: Railway and Rail

	43	Structure Design and Analysis of Bridge Sleeper with Meter Gauge Based on Limit State Method
		TIAN Chunxiang, WANG Ping, KE Wenhua, XIONG Wei
		Research purposes: Based on relevant specifications, this paper analyzes the bending moment of 1 000 mm meter gauge sleeper for bridge under train axle load and derailment load, determines the design bending moment of bridge sleeper, and checks the different service states of sleeper for bridge. According to the dimensions and reinforcement of the sleeper, the bearing capacity bending moment and static load test values of rail seat and sleeper center section are calculated, which provides a basis for the test for sleeper. This paper puts forward the basic design method of meter gauge sleeper for bridge meeting the requirements of limit state method. Research conclusions: (1) The influence of derailment load shall be considered in the design of sleeper for bridge; (2) According to the calculation method of sleeper, the load bending moment of the sleeper for bridge is calculated, and the bearing capacity bending moment and test load of the designed meter gauge bridge sleeper are determined; (3) The calculation results show that the checking calculation of bearing ultimate limit states, normal serviceability limit states and fatigue limit states of sleepers for bridge meet the requirements; (4) Static load test and fatigue test show that the sleeper meets the requirements of positive and negative bending moment test and anti-fatigue requirements; (5) The calculation and tests indicate that the designed meter gauge sleeper for bridge can meet the application requirements of the project;(6) The research results can be used to guide the design of bridge sleepers in meter gauge railway projects.
		2022 Vol. 39 (4): 43-47 [Abstract] ( 2256 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (610 KB) ( 1889 )

	48	Research on the CWR Track of Long-span Continuous Beam of Sea-crossing Railway Bridge
		ZHANG Jian, LIU Junying, LI Dacheng
		Research purposes: This paper takes the CWR track system of ballastless track on a long-span continuous beam bridge of a sea-crossing railway bridge as the research object, carries out research on the structural force and deformation law, and proposes (60+37×80 +60) m continuous beam bridge laying plan for CWR track of ballastless track, installation plan of rail expansion joints,analyzes the dynamic performance of the CWR track on the bridge, and puts forward maintenance and repair recommendations. Research conclusions: (1) On (60+37×80+60) m continuous beam bridges, rail expansion joints must be installed when constant and small resistance fastenings are used; (2) When the train passes through the main bridge area at 350 km/h, the vibration characteristic indexes of the track and bridge structure and the vehicle driving characteristic indexes meet the requirements of the specification; (3) In the area affected by the rail expansion joints, the wheel-rail vertical force and the reduction rate of wheel load are significantly increased; (4) In combination with accidental load factors such as earthquakes, wind and waves, it is suggested to select the rail expansion joints with ultra-large range and girder end expansion device, strengthen the on-line monitoring and scientific maintenance of track condition in the rail expansion joint area of concrete continuous beam;(5) The research conclusions can be used to guide the design and construction of CWR track of long-span continuous beam of sea-crossing railway bridge.
		2022 Vol. 39 (4): 48-53 [Abstract] ( 2892 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (513 KB) ( 1862 )

Main Line: Communication Signals

	54	The Scheme Research Integrating CTCS-2 and the Signaling Aspect Sequence Following British Standard
		ZHANG Minhui, FENG Mei
		Research purposes: Signaling aspect following British standard is different from those following Chinese standard, not only in the ways of the shape and the size of the signal head, but also in the ways of the signal aspect, signal light color, signal indicator, the combination of the light color and the indicator, the signal aspect sequence approaching diverging junction. When CTCS-2 signaling system goes aboard and is needed to integrate with British signaling aspect, it is needed to define the design method to integrate it with British signal aspect, signal light color and the junction signal aspect sequence. Research conclusions: (1) The design method integrating CTCS-2 and the signaling aspect sequence following British standard includes: British-standard 4-aspects light signaling system should be chosen;The junction signaling aspect sequence should be chosen according to the principle of consistency of the ground code sequence, the moment getting the information indicating the diverging route no later than that of CTCS-2, or moment getting the information indicating the diverging route leading almost no unneeded braking;The ground code sequence should be adjusted accordingly, and the approaching controlling should be applied through decoding the certain ground code in certain condition and occupying-locking it;The MAY-FA4 or MAR can be adopted according to the speed limit of the diverging route. (2) The research results can provide reference for CTCS-2 outputting, its integration and localization with the British standard signaling aspect.
		2022 Vol. 39 (4): 54-58 [Abstract] ( 3948 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (398 KB) ( 1885 )

	59	Research on the Return Capacity of Intercity Railway under CTCS-2 Signal System
		PAN Zhuo, CUI Yanqu, TAN Bin, LIU Yongxin, REN Chong
		Research purposes: In recent years, a new type of intercity railway with both inter-city and urban (suburban) commuting functions has appeared in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area (GBA), which has the characteristics of independent operation, underground laying, public transportation operation and so on. The existing regulations on the turn-back capacity of trains and the number of arrival and departure tracks in the existing intercity railway specifications are no longer applicable to the intercity railway in GBA. In order to control the scale of the station tracks and maximize the ability of arrival and departure tracks, there is an urgent need to research the efficient turn-back mode under intensive distribution lines. According to the analysis of the turn-back operation process, the calibration of various time parameters and the mutual restriction relationship among operations, we conclude the calculation principle of multi-track alternating turn-back capacity by graphic method, which can be used to guide the operation plan and station tracks scale control. Research conclusions: (1) When the alternating return of the four tracks in front of the station, when theactual residence time of track 3/Ⅰ and track Ⅱ / 4 is not greater than 13.72 min/13.17 min, the corresponding interval between arrival and departure is 4.23 min, and the return capacity is 14 pairs/h, which has nothing to do with the time of turn-back time, but only related to the time of occupying the throat area. (2) When the actual residence time of track 3 / Ⅰ and Ⅱ / 4 is longer than 13.72 min/13.17 min, the corresponding departure interval increases 0.5 min and the return capacity decreases by 1 pair/h with each increase of 2 min of turn-back time. (3) When the alternating return of two tracks behind the station, when the turn-back time increases by 2 min, the arrival and departure interval increases by 1 min, and the return capacity decreases by about 1 pair/h. (4) The research result can be used to guide the design of traffic organization and the scale control of station distribution.
		2022 Vol. 39 (4): 59-66 [Abstract] ( 2779 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1225 KB) ( 1923 )

Terminal,Station yard and Building

	67	Research on the Scale and Type ofUnderground High-speed Railway Station
		LIU Liefeng
		Research purposes: The number of underground high-speed railway stations is increasing year by year. Such stations are limited in land use, with high construction risks and high investment. They are mainly intermediate railway stations and the determination of station type and scale is very important to the station function and investment benefit. Analysis of different type and size of the underground station passing capacity, number of arrival and departure lines on the station function of adaptability, the applicability of the different model. On the premise of satisfying the operation types of underground stations and conforming to the long-term operation quantity of stations, the characteristics of different sizes and station types of underground high-speed railway stations are studied to solve the problem of station type selection of underground high-speed railway stations. Research conclusions: (1)The island stations and side stations are small in scale and investment, but they do not have the crossing lines, so they are mostly used for rail transit. (2)The two-platform and four-line stations can handle trains less than 34 pairs every day, and they are cheaper and used for stops and passes trains mainly. (3)The double-island four-line stations can handle starting, arriving, passing and passenger operations between 34 and 69 pairs every day, it's suitable for the stations with a certain proportion of each operation type. (4)The two-platform and six-line stations cover a huge area and larger investment,the route is relatively flexible and can handle starting, arriving, passing and passenger operations with 69~104 pairs trains every day. (5)When the number of train pairs at the station is greater than 104 or multiple lines are introduced into the intermediate station, the number of arriving and departing lines, station types choice can refer to the above data. (6)This research has reference and guiding significance for the determination of the scale and type of underground central urban high-speed railway station, airport high-speed railway station and scenic high-speed railway station in the design stage.
		2022 Vol. 39 (4): 67-70 [Abstract] ( 3873 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (586 KB) ( 1892 )

	71	Research on the Shear Behaviors of Cap Transfer Beams with Steel Reinforced Concrete in the Subway Stations
		WANG Bo
		Research purposes: The mechanical properties of composite structure formed by subway stations and urban bridges are complex. In order to improve its mechanical properties, structural form of a double-channel steel reinforced concrete cap transfer beam is proposed. In order to explore the shear performance of this type of transfer beam, the author conducted shear performance tests on three reinforced concrete and five double-channel steel reinforced concrete cap transfer beam specimens. In the research, the shear failure process and failure form of the specimen were observed, the shear performance index of the transfer beam was obtained, and the influence of the shear-span ratio and the steel distribution ratio on the shear performance of the transfer beam was analyzed. Research conclusions: (1) Under the action of concentrated load, the main oblique crack is formed near the connecting line between the support of the cap transfer beam and the loading point, and a typical shear oblique compression failure occurs. (2) Decreasing the shear-span ratio can effectively improve the bearing capacity of transfer beam, but the brittle failure of corresponding specimens is more serious. Under the condition of the same reinforcement ratio and shear-span ratio, the maximum increase on the bearing capacity of specimen with double-channel steel is about 111.8%. (3) Increasing the steel distribution ratio can improve the bearing capacity and deformation capacity of the specimen to a certain extent, and the maximum increase in the bearing capacity is about 6.87%. (4) The use of double channel steel reinforced concrete cap transfer beam in the composite structure of subway station and urban bridge has obvious advantages in mechanical properties. The research conclusion can provide reference for similar structure design.
		2022 Vol. 39 (4): 71-76 [Abstract] ( 3864 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1021 KB) ( 1857 )

Information Technology

	77	Research on the Establishment of the Informatization Management Platform of Overseas Railway Project
		ZHU Xin
		Research purposes: Regarding the less informatization of overseas railway projects, and insufficient application of engineering management platform, this paper focuses on the automation technology of core organization business functions/processes based on MRDBS, establishes a completed digital information management system between the project employer and the DB contractor, and forms a ecosystems of multi-party collaboration and connectivity, for comprehensive supervision and management of information & data, realizing information sharing and decision support for project participants. Research conclusions: (1) Realize coverage of project full life cycle based on MRDBS, and create a unified platform for project information management and exchange. (2) Build SaaS application systems combined with public cloud deployment and micro-service architecture, to enhance the system advantages of stability and high reusability. (3) Use a micro-service project management platform based on MRDBS to digitize storage vital documents, and realize comprehensive and efficient control of engineering data monitoring, documentation and tracking, to create a completed coordinated system for employer's service. (4) The research results can provide reference for the establishment of informatization management platform of overseas railway project.
		2022 Vol. 39 (4): 77-83 [Abstract] ( 3839 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1189 KB) ( 1964 )

Urban Rail Construction

	84	The Geologic Features and Governance Measures for Kunming Rail Transit Line 4
		ZHAO Fuyu, LIU Wei, ZHANG Xu, HE Jiangliang, YANG Wenhui
		Research purposes: The geological characteristics of the Kunming basin are various and the geological conditions are complex, which has a great influence on the construction of the rail transit engineering. Due to the limitation of the exploration area, the study on the geological characteristics of the area is limited to the point at present, while the comprehensive and comparative study on the geological characteristics of the Kunming basin is less. This paper studies the regional geological characteristics and main engineering geological problems of Kunming Rail Transit Line 4, and provides the basis for taking relevant engineering measures. Research conclusions: (1)Through the analysis of the geological conditions along Line 4, the differences of the geological characteristics and the main engineering geological problems of the micro-geomorphologic regions in the Kunming basin are systematically studied; (2)Combined with the engineering scheme and the main engineering geological problems, the stability of the site, construction scheme, retaining structure and drainage, karst and foundation treatment, anti-floating and anti-seepage of foundation pit are analyzed;(3)The paper is of great significance for understanding of the geological characteristics of the Kunming basin and can be used as a reference for the construction of the Kunming rail transit engineering.
		2022 Vol. 39 (4): 84-88 [Abstract] ( 2834 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (930 KB) ( 1913 )

	89	Discussion on Flood Control Project Construction of Urban Rail Transit
		ZENG Guobao, WANG Cong, YAO Jianhua
		Research purposes: Recent years, floods and waterlogging disasters occur frequently in urban rail transit, it is very urgent and necessary to study the flood control project construction. By identifying the weak parts and risks of resisting flood disaster in rail transit engineering, this paper puts forward a series of flood control engineering construction ideas according to local conditions from the aspects of general layout, water blocking and flood prevention facilities, drainage facilities, water level monitoring and alarm. Research conclusions: (1)The flood control engineering construction of rail transit shall take measures according to local conditions in combination with the requirements of urban flood control planning or water impact assessment report of construction projects. (2) The station location layout of rail transit project line shall incorporate the flood control demand into the scheme study. (3) Water blocking and retaining facilities shall be implemented, as well as the drainage pump facillity. (4) Weak nodes shall be equipped with flood and waterlogging alarm facilities to strengthen the monitoring and management of weak nodes for flood control, so as to provide information and decision-making basis for passengers and operation center. (5) The research result can be used as a reference and guidance for the flood control construction of subsequent rail transit engineering.
		2022 Vol. 39 (4): 89-94 [Abstract] ( 3897 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (2087 KB) ( 1899 )

Research on Technical Standards and Specifications

	95	Adaptability Analysis of China's Metro Standards in Pakistan
		SUN Haifu, ZHU Wanfang
		Research purposes: The key issue for "going global" of China's metro standards is how to make necessary adjustment in combination with the laws, humanities and natural conditions of the country where the project is located, in order to facilitate the smooth progress of the survey and design of construction project at each stage and meet the needs of project construction and operation. Combined with the orange line project of Lahore rail transit in Pakistan, this paper summarizes the main technical contents of adaptive adjustment of Chinese metro standards, to guide overseas metro project design. Research conclusions: (1)China's metro technical standards shall be integrated with the metro technical standards of the country where the project is located.(2)The route scheme selection shall make full use of the existing road space and pay attention to the impact of environmental protection.(3)The civil engineering facilities are preferentially completed by local contractors, and the electromechanical system can be purchased internationally.(4)Structural engineering such as bridges and stations buildings should pay attention to the design of landscape and cultural elements.(5)Overseas railway projects shall attach great importance to the technical management of interface engineering. (6)This paper has a guiding role for the "going global" of China's metro standards.
		2022 Vol. 39 (4): 95-98 [Abstract] ( 3070 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (363 KB) ( 1881 )

Engineering Economy and Management

	99	Analysis of Engineering Imperfection Phenomenon and Enlightenment of Project Management
		WU Jun
		Research purposes: Engineering practice in China has achieved great success. However, imperfection phenomenon runs through the whole process of construction, thus, theoretical analysis is required for the above mentioned contrast. Through cite the definition of perfection and information retrieval, this paper summarized various imperfection phenomena existing in engineering practice, analyzed the root causes of imperfection phenomena, clarified the basic premise of engineering project management and control, and obtained the relevant enlightenment of project management and control, which can provide guidance for the achieve effective project management and control under imperfect situation. Research conclusions: (1)Project management need to be based on the fact of imperfection, to achieve the limited goal under limited control on the basis of limited conditions, rationality and ability.(2) Project management and control is always in the pursuit of perfection. Control of imperfect phenomena is the starting point and foothold of the implementation of management and control, which needs to be controlled to the maximum extent possible through the improvement of management and control ability. (3) Raising the level of project management needs the application of “imperfection”. (4) The research results can be applied to the management and control of project.
		2022 Vol. 39 (4): 99-106 [Abstract] ( 2253 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (581 KB) ( 1866 )