测氡法在小煤窑采空区勘察中的应用研究

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摘要研究目的:小煤窑采空区具有年代较早、多为私挖滥采、无采空资料可供参考等特点，且小煤窑采空区的变形和不均匀沉降会对铁路的施工和运营构成巨大威胁和隐患。要查明采空区的影响范围仅仅依靠调查和钻探，具有周期长、费用大、难以查清的缺点，部分物探方法又受人文因素干扰严重。本文研究如何利用测氡技术，并充分发挥其不受电磁、车辆等因素干扰的优势，结合少量钻探资料，以达到查明采空区影响范围、解决小煤窑采空区勘察问题的目的。研究结论:通过对小煤窑采空区勘察中测氡技术的应用范例可知:(1)氡气在小煤窑采空区及其产生裂隙处浓度明显升高；(2)氡气浓度异常与储气时间长短无直接关系；(3)在小煤窑采空中氡气浓度曲线表现为单、多峰值的高比值的异常；(4)测氡技术对类似年代较早、私挖滥采、无采空资料可供参考的小煤窑采空区勘察工作具有良好的应用效果。

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	张吉振
	王银
	唐海敏
	周海滨

关键词 ：小煤窑采空区, 测氡法, 曲线特征, 解释原则

Abstract：The small coal pit goaf has the characteristics of long time, mostly private, no information which is available and so on. But deformation and uneven settlement of small coal pit goaf will pose a big threat and danger to railway construction and operation. To identify the production scale and influence scope of goaf rely on survey and drilling with a long cycle, high cost, difficult to ascertain, some geophysical methods has serious interference by human factors. This paper studied how to use radon measurement technology, and give full play to its factors beyond electromagnetic, vehicles and other interference advantages, combined with a small amount of drilling data, for the purpose of the identification of goaf and the solution of small coal goaf survey problem.Research conclusions:Through the application of radon measurement technique in the sample survey of small coal pit goaf known that: (1) The concentration of radon gas in small coal goaf and the resulting crack place significantly increases. (2)The abnormal concentration of radon gas has no direct relations with the length of time. (3) In the small coal mining air radon concentration curve shows a single, unusually large peak high ratio. (4)Radon measurement technique has a good effect to the survey work of small coal pit goaf which has the characteristics of long time, mostly private, no information which is available.

Key words： the small coal pit goaf radon measurement curve characteristic the principle of explain

收稿日期: 2014-03-10

PACS:

U213.1

作者简介: 张吉振，1981年出生，男，工程师。

引用本文:

张吉振，王银，唐海敏，周海滨. 测氡法在小煤窑采空区勘察中的应用研究[J]. 铁道工程, 2014, 31(10): 21-25.
ZHANG Ji-zhen,WANG Yin,TANG Hai-min,ZHOU Hai-bin. Research on Application of Radon Measurement in Detection of Small Coal Pit Goaf. 铁道工程, 2014, 31(10): 21-25.

链接本文:

http://tdgcxb.crec.cn/CN/ 或 http://tdgcxb.crec.cn/CN/Y2014/V31/I10/21

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