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Abstract There are huge track systems in American cities with more than one million populations, which are classified as three kinds: commuter rail, light rail, heavy rail. Compared with other transport modes, railways have many advantages, such as: smaller energy consume, less pollution, faster speed, lower price, more safety, and without jam etc. With jams are becoming worse and worse in most cities, urban railways is developing steadily in recent years. Federal and Local Governments have noted the advantages of railways. They have set up special organizations to manage railways, established funds to support its development, and compensated some capitals to its operations each year.
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Received: 14 August 2001
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2001, Vol. 18 
