本文根据当前铁路运输已经成为制约国民经济发展的“瓶颈”状况，以我国的国情和路情 为依椐，论证了铁路在我国交通运输业中的骨干作用及加速路网建设的意义。文中强调，在路网建 设中，新线建设和既有线改造二者之间,应首先大力加速新线建设，并继续加强繁忙干线的技术改 造。无论是新线建设或是既有线改造，都要根据线路意义和客货运输发展需要，以货运重载化、客 运高速化为目标，实现技术装备现代化。

The present railway traffic has been in the “bottle-neck” status which restrains the national economy developments. According to the circumstances of our country and our railways， this paper discusses the key role of railways on the national communications and transportations and the meaning of speeding up the construction of railway networks. The railway network con-structions consist of the construction of new lines and the reform of existing railways. Speed up new line construction should be put forward and the technical reform of existing trunklines should be strengthened continuously. Nevertheless，according to the situation of the railways and the needs of its passenger and freight traffic developments, the heavy-haul freight traffic and the high-speed passenger traffic should be taken as the targets, so that the modernization of the tech-nical equipments may be realized.