建设资金短缺一直是中国铁路发展过程中面临的主要问题,支撑铁路跨越式发展的资金来源，主要有以 下七个渠道：一是铁路建设基金。二是国债。三是地方政府和企业投资。四是市场化融资，包括股票、债券、项目 融资等。五是发行中国铁路债券。六是积极利用外资。七是银行贷款。除去目前建设基金和银行贷款两种主要 方式外,今后将积极拓展其他5种投融资方式，而市场化融资将成为发展的重点。铁路建设项目要想获得良好 的经济效益,最大限度地节约投资，降低成本是一个至关重要的问题。降低铁路建设成本、提高投资效益的关键 是强本减末,严格控制投资规模。

Shortage of funds is the main problem in development progress of Chinese Railway. There are following seven modes of financing for supporting the leaping development of Chinese railway: the first one is funds for railway construc?tion; the second one is national debt; the third one is investment from local government and enterprise; the fourth one is market financing, including stock, bond and financing for project; the fifth one is Chinese Railway Bond; the sixth one is foreign capitals and the seventh one is loans from bank. Except funds for construction and loans from bank, the other five modes of financing will be further developed in future, especially market financing. It is essential issue for railway con?struction to save investment and reduce cost as much as possible if it wants to gain good economic benefits. To invest in main project and limit investment scale are key points for reducing railway construction cost and increasing investment benefits.