研究目的:在地下工程建设过程中，地铁车站作为重要的地下建筑公共设施，其安全性和稳定性显得尤为重要。本文通过研究某地铁车站深基坑开挖过程，对土体和支护的变形与稳定性展开研究，为今后的地铁车站建设提供借鉴和参考。
研究结论:通过综合分析评价，我们得出深基坑开挖过程中土体及支护的变化规律: 入土较深的围护墙体水平位移自下而上程递增趋势增长; 支撑轴力随开挖过程有较明显的变化，并最终趋于稳定。通过模拟对比发现，基坑的第一道支撑使用钢筋混凝土支撑较为合理，对支撑施加预应力能够有效地抑制地连墙和土体的侧向位移。
Research purposes: In the process of underground engineering building，security and stability of metro community facility shows its own particularly significance． This paper illustrates a subway in digging process，observing and studying the security and stability of the soil and supporting research，provides reference for future construction of a subway station．
Research conclusions: Through comprehensive analysis and evaluation，we get the changeable regular pattern． Among the law，the horizontal displacement of digging deep retaining wall incremental growth from blew to top; during excavation，support axial force have obvious change，and ultimately to stabilize． Through the comparison of software， the conclusion was found that first line support for Foundation pit using reinforced concrete support is more reasonable，and exerting prestressing force on support is effectively to inhibit lateral displacement of diaphragm wall and soil．
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