研究目的：本论文在获取路域区域不同环境生态原貌信息资料的基础上，运用系统聚类分析和主成分分析法，对路域原生态系统、区域生态环境的生态原貌(本底)和退化程度进行了综合多目标、多属性、多层次复杂系统评价分析，所探讨的高铁生态本底评价指标和方法，对于高铁选线、环境影响评价以及高铁建设生态恢复及重建工作，建设绿色美丽高速铁路，具有重要的理论研究和实践指导意义。为此以长益城际铁路为例，对高铁路域区域生态本底和退化程度评价方法进行实证分析研究。 
研究结论：（1）高铁路域区域生态本底评价可以通过综合运用主成分分析和系统聚类等方法来进行系统评价分析；（2）正常和轻度退化的高铁路域区域地段，适宜修建高铁，但应采取有针对性的和充分的生态恢复和重建措施；（3）严重退化和已经恶化高铁路域区域地段，必须绕行；（4）该研究成果对于高铁环评和环保工作具有指导意义。

Abstract：Research purposes：This paper studies how to apply the principal component analysis and system clustering methods on the primitive ecological conditions evaluation of the high-speed railway regions, based on the different primitive ecological information. The many-target, many-attribute and many-hierarchy complex system evaluation is done to analyze the primitive ecological system and degenerated extent about the railway regions synthetically. The primitive ecological conditions evaluation methods, which are discussed in this paper, have important theoretical guidance and practical application significance for the line selection, environmental impact assessment, ecological restoration and reconstruction work of constructing the green beautiful high-speed railway. The paper takes the Changsha-Yiyang high-speed railway for example to validate the evaluation methods of the primitive ecological conditions and degree of degeneration on the high-speed railway region.
Research conclusions：(1) Apply the principal component analysis and system clustering method for the primitive ecological evaluation and analysis, and then study primitive ecological conditions index of the high-speed railway areas. (2) The high-speed railway regions, which are the normal or minor degraded, are suitable for construction of high-speed railway, but must take the pointed and adequate measures for ecological restoration and reconstruction work. (3) The high-speed railway regions which are degenerated or worsen fearfully must be detoured.(4) This research results are significant for the environment impact assessment and protection of the high-speed railway.
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