研究目的:随着新奥法的普及，采用复合式衬砌的隧道越来越多，目前对其进行计算的方法主要分为荷 载-结构法和地层-结构法。荷载-结构法通过弹簧支撑来模拟围岩对支护的约束，并不能真实的反映围岩 与支护结构的相互作用;地层-结构法在围岩压力释放率的问题上存在-定的经验性。本文从复合式衬砌角 度出发，以荷载作用于地层边界的模型对复合式衬砌的初支及二衬进行计算，并与传统荷载-结构法计算结 果进行对比。
研究结论:(1)通过对比荷载-结构法与地层-结构法的优缺点，提出了将荷载作用于地层边界的共同 作用模型，即用均匀施加在四周的荷载代替围岩产生的压力，同时又用围岩自身的形变来抑制支护结构的位 移，将围岩作为荷载的传递介质，充分体现了围岩和支护结构的共同作用和变形协调;(2)采用共同作用模型 对铁路隧道复合衬砌的初期支护及二次衬砌进行了内力分析，并与荷载-结构法所得结果进行对比，结果说 明共同作用模型更能符合新奥法的思想，在考虑围岩相互作用的同时大大减少了计算时间;(3)本研究成果 为复合衬砌内力分析提供了-种新的方法。
Research purposes:With the popularization of NATM，more and more tunnel use composite lining. At present，the calculation method consists of action-reaction model and continuum model. Elastic resistance is simulated by spring in action-reaction model，which can not reflect interaction between surrounding-rock and support structure. There are some empirical of continuum model in releasing rate problem. This paper from the perspective of composite lining to calculated initial supports and second lining of composite lining in the model that load acts on the strata boundary，and compared with the calculate results of traditional load structure method.
Research conclusions:(1)By comparing the advantages and disadvantages with action-reaction model and continuum model，common model is put forward which are uniformly applied instead of surrounding rock around the load pressure. At the same time，the displacement of support structure can be suppressed by the deformation of surrounding rock， which fully reflects interaction and deformation coordination between surrounding rock and structure. (2)Internal force is analyzed using common model in complex lining of railway tunnel，the results were compared with the results of action- reaction method，the results explain that the common model is more in accord with the theory of NATM，reducing the computing time greatly while considering the interaction of surrounding rock.
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