高海拔大高差特长隧道洞内温度分布规律研究

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摘要 研究目的:随着川藏铁路的建设,我国高海拔大高差特长隧道数量急剧上升。目前高海拔大高差特长隧道洞内温度分布规律尚不明确,严重制约其保温防冻设计,若设防不当会造成冻害,影响运营安全。本文以川西高原既有高海拔大高差特长隧道为例,采用现场监测、数值模拟等手段,利用隧道修建前后洞内外气象监测数据,研究高海拔大高差隧道洞内温度分布规律及其对保温防冻长度的影响,并提出相应的防冻保温设计建议。
研究结论:(1)隧道施工过程中,掌子面附近气温全年处于13～16 ℃范围内,基本保持稳定状态,受洞外气温变化影响小,温度值大小主要由所处位置围岩温度决定;(2)隧道贯通运营后,洞内纵向温度分布规律发生显著变化,受洞外气象环境条件影响显著,高海拔大高差特长隧道“烟囱效应”明显;(3)高海拔大高差特长隧道会形成由低洞口往高洞口的单向自然通风,导致低洞口洞身负温长度显著大于高洞口,洞口两端温度场分布呈非对称特征;(4)本研究成果可供川藏铁路等两端存在大高差的高海拔隧道建设参考。

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	郑波
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	冷希乔

关键词 ：高海拔隧道, 大高差, 单向通风, 纵向温度场, 保温防冻长度

Abstract：Research purposes:As the construction of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway progressing, the number of domestic super-long tunnels with high altitude and large elevation is soaring sharply. Because the current temperature distribution law in super-long tunnel with high altitude and large elevation is still unclear, it severely restricts its thermal insulation and anti-freezing design. If improperly fortified, the freezing damage will occur and furthermore, it will affect the operational safety. In this paper, taking the existing super-long tunnel with high altitude and large elevation as an example, the meteorological monitoring data inside and outside tunnel before and after construction are utilized to study a temperature distribution law and its influences on thermal insulation and anti-freezing length, and the relevant suggestions for thermal insulation and anti-freezing design are given by means of on-site monitoring, numerical simulation and other methods.
Research conclusions:(1) During the construction of tunnel, the temperature near tunnel face ranges from 13 °C to 16°C all year around and basically, it remains constant and less-affected by the temperature outside tunnel. The temperature value is mainly determined by the temperature of the surrounding rocks. (2) After the completion of tunnel, the longitudinal temperature distribution in tunnel are changed significantly and affected dramatically by the meteorological environmental conditions outside the tunnel. The "chimney effects" of the super-long tunnel with high altitude and large elevation is obvious. (3) The super-long tunnel with high altitude and large elevation will create a one-way natural ventilation from lower opening to higher opening, causing that the negative temperature length of the lower opening is apparently longer than that of higher opening and the temperature fields at both ends of the opening are asymmetrically distributed. (4) The research results can provide a reference for the construction of high-altitude tunnels with large elevation difference between lower and higher openings in Sichuan-Tibet Railway.

Key words： high-altitude tunnel large elevation one-way ventilation longitudinal temperature field thermal insulation and anti-freezing length

收稿日期: 2020-12-11

PACS:

U452.2+

基金资助:四川省重点研发计划项目(2018GZ0359,2020YFS0500);四川省交通运输发展战略和规划科学研究院科技项目(510201201910982);中国中铁股份有限公司科技开发计划项目(CZ01-重大-01);四川交通职业技术学院科研基金项目(2020XYKJ01)

作者简介: **郑波,1980年出生,男,教授级高级工程师。

引用本文:

郑波, 吴剑, 郑金龙, 陶伟明, 郭瑞, 冷希乔. 高海拔大高差特长隧道洞内温度分布规律研究[J]. 铁道工程学报, 2022, 39(1): 61-66.
ZHENG Bo, WU Jian, ZHENG Jinlong, TAO Weiming, GUO Rui, LENG Xiqian. Research on the Temperature Distribution Law in Super-long Tunnel with High Altitude and Large Elevation. Journal of Railway Engineering Society, 2022, 39(1): 61-66.

链接本文:

https://tdgcxb.crec.cn/CN/ 或 https://tdgcxb.crec.cn/CN/Y2022/V39/I1/61

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