研究目的: CZ铁路沿线板块活动强烈、构造发育,沿线分布有11条15支全新世活动断裂,线路穿经11支,超过50%的线路位于8度及以上地震烈度区,区内地震活动频繁而强烈,有历史记录以来4.7级以上地震354次,最大地震为1950年8月15日西藏察隅、墨脱8.6级地震,给线路方案的选择以及防灾减灾均带来前所未有的挑战。因此,有必要对活动断裂致灾机理进行系统研究。
研究结论: (1)活动断裂诱发的高烈度地震具有“上盘效应、距离效应、地形效应、持续效应、追随效应”5大致灾机理;(2)活动断裂附近铁路选线应采取“避主盘、远断裂、避险坡、正穿越”的对策;(3)工程设置应遵循“稳固地层、简易工程、优选隧道、留有余量”等原则;(4)本文研究可为滇藏和中尼等复杂艰险山区铁路勘察设计及工程建设提供参考。
Abstract
Research purposes: The plate activity along the CZ railway is intense and the structure is developed. There are 11 Holocene active faults distributed along the section from CZ railway, with 11 lines passing through them. More than 50% of the lines are located in the earthquake intensity area of 8 degrees or above. Seismic activity in the region is frequent and intense, with 354 earthquakes of magnitude 4.7 or above recorded in history, and the largest earthquake was Chayu and Medog earthquakes of magnitude 8.6 in Tibet on August 15, 1950, which brought unprecedented challenges to the selection of route schemes and disaster prevention and mitigation. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically study the disaster-causing mechanism of active faults.
Research conclusions: (1) The active faults have five disaster-causing mechanisms such as "upper plate effect, distance effect, terrain effect, persistent effect and follow-up effect". (2) Railway route selection in high-intensity earthquake areas should adopt the countermeasures of "avoiding active plate, away from faults, avoiding dangerous slopes and crossing directly". (3) The engineering setting shall follow the principles of "stabilizing stratum, simplifying engineering, first selecting tunnel and leave some leeway", etc. (4) The conclusion can provide reference for railway survey, design and engineering construction in Yunnan-Tibet, China-Nepal and other complex and dangerous mountainous areas.
关键词
复杂艰险山区 /
活动断裂 /
地震 /
铁路工程 /
减灾选线
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Key words
complex and dangerous mountainous area /
active fault /
earthquake /
railway engineering /
disaster reduction route selection
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中图分类号：
U25
U452.2
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参考文献
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脚注
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基金
中国国家铁路集团有限公司系统性重大课题(P2019G038)
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