研究目的: 随着高速铁路的快速发展,铁路选线难免会受到深厚采空区的影响制约,此采空区具有覆盖层厚、煤层埋深大、煤层厚、开采后易引起地表大范围变形等特点;采空区的地表变形对高速铁路安全存在着重大安全隐患。准确查明采空区的边界条件及评价场地稳定性是保证铁路安全的核心问题。本文以高速铁路紧邻煤矿深厚采空区为工程实例,通过采用综合勘察技术方法查明深厚采空区的工程地质条件及边界条件,并经地表变形监测综合分析评价场地的稳定性,为铁路留设保安矿柱及采取工程防护措施提供可靠的依据,进而保证高速铁路安全稳定。
研究结论: (1)通过采用煤矿采掘资料、地表变形调查、物探探测及深孔钻探等综合勘察方法,综合确定了深厚采空区的边界范围;(2)根据地表变形监测成果及InSAR解译形变趋势,经时效性分析,综合评价了采空区的稳定性;(3)采用概率积分法预测计划开采区的地表变形影响范围,合理地确定了保安矿柱的留设宽度;(4)提出了铁路工程的防治对策及煤矿禁采措施;(5)本研究结论可为类似采空区稳定性分析提供参考。

Research purposes: With the rapid development of high-speed railway, railway route selection will inevitably be restricted by the influence of deep coal mine goaf. Such goaf has the characteristics of thick overburden layer, large buried depth of coal seam, thick coal seam and large-scale deformation of surface after mining. The surface deformation of coal mine goaf has significant security risks for the safe operation of high-speed railway. Accurately identifying the boundary conditions of the coal mine goaf and evaluating the stability of the site are the core issue of safety and stability of railway. Taking the deep coal mine goaf adjacent to high-speed railway as an engineering example, the engineering geological conditions and boundary conditions of deep coal mine goaf are identified by using comprehensive survey technology, and the stability of the site is comprehensively evaluated by surface deformation monitoring. It provides a reliable basis for railway safety pillar and engineering protection measures, so as to ensure the safety and stability of high-speed railway.
Research conclusions: (1) By using comprehensive investigation methods such as coal mining data, surface deformation survey, geophysical exploration and deep hole drilling, the boundary range of deep goaf is comprehensively determined. (2) According to the monitoring results of surface deformation and the deformation trend interpreted by InSAR, the stability of goaf is comprehensively evaluated by timeliness analysis. (3) The influence range of surface deformation in planned mining area is predicted by probability integral method, and the width of protecting pillar is determined safely and reasonably. (4) Protective measures of railway engineering and coal mine mining control measures are proposed. (5) The research conclusions can provide reference for stability evaluation of similar goaf.