研究目的：基坑开挖过程中会打破周Χ土体的应力平衡，使其发生变形，从而影响Χ护结构的安全稳定。为研究基坑开挖过程中的稳定性，以乌³木齐市地铁4号线以西某基坑开挖项目为依托，采用FLAC^3D建立数值计算模型，分析基坑开挖过程中λ移和应力的变化规律。研究结论： (1)放坡开挖支护区域面层处产生较大的X方向水平λ移，易对面层支护结构的稳定性产生影响，应加强λ移监测；桩支护开挖面处在开挖面中部区域产生的水平λ移较大，对桩结构稳定性产生影响，且在基坑底部产生较大的竖向λ移，易产生基底¡起；(2)开挖完成后在基坑底部区域产生的水平应力值较大，存在应力集中现象，易对Χ护结构的安全稳定性产生影响；（3）本研究结果可为类似工程制定有效的支护与监测措施提供理论依据及工程借鉴。

Research purposes： During the excavation of foundation pit, the stress balance of the surrounding soil will be broken and the surrounding soil will be deformed, which will affect the safety and stability of the retaining structure. In order to research the stability of foundation pit in the process of excavation, this paper takes excavation project west of Urumqi Metro Line 4 as an example, adopting FLAC^3D to establish a numerical calculation model. The variation law of displacement and stress during excavation is analyzed.Research conclusions： (1) The large horizontal displacement in the X direction at the surface layer in the excavation supporting area will affect the stability of the surface layer supporting structure, so the displacement monitoring should be strengthened. The horizontal displacement of pile support in the middle area of excavation face is large, which affects the stability of pile structure. And the large vertical displacement at the bottom of the foundation pit is easy to produce the basement uplift. (2) After the completion of excavation, the horizontal stress at the bottom of the foundation pit is large and there is stress concentration, which is easy to affect the safety and stability of the enclosure structure. (3) The research results can provide theoretical basis and engineering reference for formulating effective support and monitoring measures for similar projects.