随机振动过程中轮轨系统内的能量研究

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摘要研究目的：振动的传递实质上是振动能量的传递，但是目前在轨道交通减振降噪研究方面，从能量角度进行研究的却并不多见。为了揭示随机振动过程中轮轨系统中各结构的能量分配关系，继而实现更合理的减振降噪设计，本文基于哈密尔顿原理，建立车辆-轨道耦合振动模型，用以统计分析轨道不平顺引起的车辆、轨道与轮轨接触三个子系统随机振动的能量大小，并探讨轨道不平顺、车辆轴重、轨下支承刚度与阻尼对轮轨系统能量关系的影响。研究结论：（1）轨道不平顺激励引起的车辆子系统随机振动能量最多，而传递到轮轨接触子系统上的能量最少；（2）车辆子系统与轮轨接触、轨道子系统的能量呈负相关，轮轨接触子系统与轨道子系统的能量呈强线性相关；（3）各子系统能量的关系不受轨道不平顺激励的影响，但是轨道子系统的能量随着车辆轴重的增大或轨下支承刚度、阻尼的减小而增大；（4）该研究结论可为轨道交通减振降噪设计提供一定的理论依据。

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关键词 ：轮轨系统, 哈密尔顿原理, 能量, 轨道不平顺, 随机振动

Abstract：Abstract：Research purposes： The vibration transmission is essentially the energy transmission, but few research projects focus on the energy transmissionin study of vibration-reduction and noise-reduction of railway nowadays. In order to reveal the energy distribution of random vibrationin wheel-rail coupling system and reasonablyto reducethe train-inducedvibration and noise, based on Hamiltonian principle, vehicle-track coupling dynamic model is established to statisticthe random vibration energy induced by track irregularity among vehicle, track and wheel-track contact subsystems. It is also discussed the influence of rail irregularity, axle-weight, the supporting stiffness and dampingon the energy distribution. Research conclusions：(1) The random vibration energy of vehicle subsystem is most, while that of wheel-track contact subsystem is least in vehicle-track coupling system excited by track irregularity.(2) The random vibration energy of vehicle subsystem has a negative relation with that of the subsystems under the vehicle, and the random vibration energy of track subsystem shows a strong linear relation with that of wheel-rail contact subsystem. (3) The influence of track irregularity on the energy distribution between the three subsystems can be ignored, while the random vibration energy of track subsystem enhances with increase of axle-weight or decrease of the supporting stiffness (or damping).(4)The relevant research results are helpful to the design of vibration-reduction and noise-reduction of railway

Key words： Key words: wheel-rail system Hamiltonian principle energy track irregularity random vibration

基金资助:国家自然科学基金高铁联合基金项目（U1234201，U1434201）；四川省科技支撑计划项目（2014GZ0003）

作者简介: 王平，1969年出生，男，教授，博士生导师。

引用本文:

王平1 周昌盛1 韦凯1 徐浩2. 随机振动过程中轮轨系统内的能量研究[J]. 铁道工程学报, 2015, 32(5): 30-.
WANG PING1, ZHOU Chang-sheng1，WEI Kai1，XU Hao2. The Energy Research on the Wheel-rail System in the Process of Stochastic Vibration. 铁道工程学报, 2015, 32(5): 30-.

链接本文:

http://tdgcxb.crec.cn/CN/ 或 http://tdgcxb.crec.cn/CN/Y2015/V32/I5/30

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