Abstract:From the viewpoints of establishing the equation of limiting state of the tunnel structure, the calculation of statistic character or its variables, the calculating method of reliability index of the structure, analysis of the reliability index, etc, the procedure of special design on structure of tunnel lining according to the reliability theory and its existing problem ,as well as the relative informations which should be taken into attentions ,are expounded in this paper .It provides references for the application of the new Railway Tunnel Design Standards and hereafter popularizing the reliability theory on the applications in the tunnel .