高海拔隧道防灾疏散救援及新型救援站型式

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摘要 研究目的: 考虑高海拔条件对列车内人员疏散能力及烟气扩散的影响,对高海拔大纵坡铁路隧道防灾疏散救援模式和新型紧急救援站型式开展研究,基于数值模拟分析高海拔大纵坡铁路隧道烟气扩散规律,确定新型紧急救援站型式及结构设计参数。
研究结论: (1)高海拔铁路隧道结合洞外环境、安全疏散时间等因素可选择洞外疏散和洞内待避两种疏散模式;(2)铁路隧道外部救援可采用铁路救援、公路救援及空中救援三种模式,高海拔铁路隧道宜采用以铁路救援为主的模式;(3)推荐采用由列车着火停靠区、隔离过渡区、救援列车停靠区三部分组成的新型洞内紧急救援站模式;(4)海拔高度升高和坡度加大均加剧了烟气蔓延,而坡度变化对火灾扩散的影响较海拔高度更为显著;(5)本研究成果可指导高海拔铁路隧道防灾疏散救援设计。

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	匡亮
	华阳
	黎旭
	曹彧
	粟威

关键词 ：高海拔, 大纵坡, 铁路隧道, 防灾疏散, 紧急救援站

Abstract：Research purposes: Considering the influence of high altitude on evacuation capacity and smoke diffusion in trains, the evacuation and rescue mode and new type of emergency rescue station in and out of high-altitude railway tunnel are discussed. At the same time, numerical simulation is used to analyze the law of smoke diffusion in high altitude and large longitudinal slope tunnel, so as to clarify the type and structural design parameters of the new emergency rescue station.
Research conclusions: (1) High-altitude railway tunnels can select two evacuation modes, i.e. evacuation outside the tunnel and evacuation inside the tunnel, based on factors such as climate environment outside the tunnel and safe evacuation time. (2) The external rescue of tunnel can adopt three rescue modes: railway rescue, road rescue and air rescue, the high altitude railway tunnels should adopt the mode of railway rescue. (3) It is recommended to adopt the new emergency rescue station rescue mode consisting of train fire parking area + isolation transition area + rescue train parking area in the high-altitude railway tunnel. (4) Both elevation and slope increase aggravate the spread of smoke in tunnel, and the influence of slope change on the spread rate of fire is more significant than that of altitude change. (5) The research results can guide the design of disaster prevention, evacuation and rescue engineering of high-altitude railway tunnel.

Key words： high altitude large longitudinal slope railway tunnel disaster prevention and evacuation emergency rescue station

收稿日期: 2022-05-20

PACS:

U455

基金资助:四川省科技计划项目(2019YFG0001);国家铁路局课题(KF2019-017);中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司科研项目(KYY2019048)

作者简介: **匡亮,1980年出生,男,教授级高级工程师。

引用本文:

匡亮, 华阳, 黎旭, 曹彧, 粟威. 高海拔隧道防灾疏散救援及新型救援站型式[J]. 铁道工程学报, 2022, 39(8): 66-70.
KUANG Liang, HUA Yang, LI Xu, CAO Yu, SU Wei. Research on the Disaster Prevention, Evacuation and Rescue Mode and New Type of Emergency Rescue Station in Railway Tunnel with High Altitude. Journal of Railway Engineering Society, 2022, 39(8): 66-70.

链接本文:

https://tdgcxb.crec.cn/CN/ 或 https://tdgcxb.crec.cn/CN/Y2022/V39/I8/66

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