互层岩体隧道爆破超欠挖控制技术研究

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摘要 研究目的: 互层岩体层间胶结力差、整体刚度低,在隧道钻爆法开挖过程中极易出现超欠挖问题。为探究互层岩体对隧道爆破超欠挖的影响,本文以新建中兰铁路尖山隧道工程互层段为研究对象,采用离散元数值模拟方法和现场掌子面激光扫描图像分析互层倾角及厚度对隧道爆破超欠挖的影响规律,在此基础上提出炮孔布置优化方案。
研究结论: (1)互层岩体隧道光面爆破超挖问题突出,互层左倾时超挖主要在隧道右侧,应力波传播方向与结构面走向垂直的位置超挖严重;(2)互层接近水平时拱顶超挖量最大,随着互层倾角增加,最大超挖位置从拱顶转移至拱脚;(3)互层厚度增加有利于围岩稳定,层厚超过0.7 m后平均超挖量可满足规范要求,建议层厚小于0.7 m时必须对炮孔布置进行优化设计;(4)通过对易超挖位置的周边眼炮孔布置优化,隧道轮廓成形更加平整,最大线性超挖量减少60 cm,平均超挖量减少约36 cm;(5)本研究成果可为互层岩体隧道光面爆破超欠挖控制提供借鉴和参考。

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	丁祥

关键词 ：离散元数值模拟, 互层岩体, 光面爆破, 超欠挖

Abstract：Research purposes: The poor interlayer cementation and low overall stiffness of interbedded rock masses make it easy for over-under-excavation problems to occur during tunnel drilling and blasting. In order to investigate the influence of interlayer rock on tunnel blasting over-under-breaking, this paper takes the interlayer section of Jianshan tunnel project of new Zhongwei-Lanzhou dedicated passenger line as the research object, and uses discrete element numerical simulation method and laser scanning image to analyze the influence of interlayer dip angle and thickness on tunnel over-under-excavation, based on which the optimization plan of gun hole arrangement is proposed.
Research conclusions: (1) The problem of over-excavation in smooth blasting of interlayer tunnels is prominent, the over-excavation is mainly on the right side of the tunnel when the interlayer is left inclined, and the over-breaking is serious at the position where the direction of stress wave propagation is perpendicular to the direction of the structural surface. (2) The over-breaking at the top of the arch is the largest when the interlayer is close to horizontal, and the maximum over-excavation position shifts from the top to the foot as the inclination of the interlayer increases. (3) The increase in the thickness of the interlayer is beneficial to the stability of the surrounding rock, and the average amount of over-breaking after the layer thickness exceeds 0.7 m can meet the requirements of the specification, and it is recommended that the design of the hole must be optimized when the layer thickness is less than 0.7 m. (4) Through the optimization of hole arrangement around the location of easy over-breaking, the tunnel profile is formed more smoothly, and the maximum linear over-breaking is reduced by 60 cm, and the average over-breaking is reduced by about 36 cm. (5) The research results can provide reference for the control of over-under-breaking of smooth blasting in interbedded rock tunnel.

Key words： discrete element numerical simulation interbedded rock masses smooth blasting over-under-excavation

收稿日期: 2021-10-11

PACS:

TU45

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51978424)

作者简介: ^**丁祥,1979年出生,男,高级工程师。

引用本文:

丁祥. 互层岩体隧道爆破超欠挖控制技术研究[J]. 铁道工程学报, 2022, 39(3): 75-80.
DING Xiang. Research on the Control Technology of Over-under-excavation of Tunnel Blasting in Interbedded Rock Masses. Journal of Railway Engineering Society, 2022, 39(3): 75-80.

链接本文:

https://tdgcxb.crec.cn/CN/ 或 https://tdgcxb.crec.cn/CN/Y2022/V39/I3/75

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