研究目的: 运营高速铁路运用期间需要周期性的和随机的进行轨道检测及基础变形测量,以随时评价掌握线路的平稳和安全状态,是高铁运控系统的重要组成部分。在高速铁路领域,一直以来对线路轨道的测量方式、测量精度和评价指标意见不尽一致,行业内对轨道测量设备及数据处理的研究课题项目较多。本文从轨道的线形性质、线形组成与表达、测量精度推导等方面展开论述,提出轨道线形检测数据的使用原则和方法。
研究结论: (1)研究了基础变形的表现形式、观测方法和病害程度控制指标,提出了轨道检测应遵循“动检为(wéi)主,静检为(wèi)修”的原则,在满足轨道维修需要的轨道控制网精度和范围的前提下开展轨道控制网复测及轨道静态检测;(2)轨道空间线形坐标点测量的基准是内部精度和外部精度满足规定的轨道控制网,其起算基准可以是坐标控制,也可以是尺度基准+方向基准联合控制;(3)线路轨道及基础结构养护维修的方案和时机确定,应合理分析和权衡研判高铁线路的受影响程度及主次因素;(4)本研究成果对线路轨道检测与养护工作具有借鉴意义。

Research purposes: During the operation of high-speed railway, it is necessary to carry out periodic and random track detection and foundation deformation measurement in order to evaluate and grasp the stable and safe state of the line at any time. It is an important part of high-speed railway transport control system. In the field of high-speed railway, opinions on the measurement method, measurement accuracy and evaluation index of track are not consistent all the time, and there are many research projects on track measurement equipment and data processing in the industry. In this paper, the linear properties, linear composition and expression, and the derivation of measurement accuracy of the track are discussed, and the principle and method of using track alignment detection data are presented.
Research conclusions: (1) The manifestation, observation method and disease degree control index of foundation deformation are studied, and the principle of "moving inspection as the main and static inspection as the repair" is put forward. On the premise of satisfying the accuracy and range of track control network required by track maintenance, the track control network retest and track static inspection are carried out. (2) The measuring datum of linear coordinate points in orbit space is the track control network with internal and external precision meeting the requirements, and the starting datum can be coordinate control or scale datum + direction datum combined control. (3) To determine the scheme and timing of maintenance of track and infrastructure, it is necessary to reasonably analyze and weigh the degree of impact and primary and secondary factors of high-speed railway lines. (4) The research results have a reference for the track detection and maintenance work.