遥感技术在岩溶区铁路地质勘察中应用研究

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摘要 研究目的: 我国南方山区岩溶广泛分布且强烈发育,呈现出复杂性和隐蔽性特征,极易诱发隧道突涌水等风险,对铁路工程施工安全构成极大的威胁。本文以广清永铁路为例,基于多源遥感数据,利用遥感判释和GIS空间分析技术,查明沿线地质构造和岩溶地貌特征,计算岩溶区隧道集水面积,以期为选线设计和岩溶灾害防治提供科学参考。
研究结论: (1)沿线断裂构造多集中发育于蓝山至连州段,遥感判释得到断裂构造138条、褶皱9处,断裂以南-北走向为主,褶皱多为北东-北北东向展布;(2)沿线岩溶地貌主要有峰丛、峰林及岩溶盆地,其间发育岩溶洼地、残丘和孤峰,出露多个地下暗河出口,多表现为断头河特征;(3)通过选定集水面积影响因子,生成最小沟谷集水区,优化汇水单元,归类同一岩溶发育程度区等操作,计算得到该段岩溶隧道集水面积为56.83 km²,为岩溶隧道涌水量计算提供了重要参数;(4)本研究成果可应用于岩溶区铁路工程地质勘察工作。

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	刘桂卫
	王衍汇
	常天龙
	孙琪皓
	张璇钰

关键词 ：三维遥感, GIS空间分析, 岩溶地貌, 集水面积

Abstract：Research purposes: Karst is widely distributed and strongly developed in mountainous areas of South China, which presents complexity and concealing characteristics. It is easy to induce tunnel water inrush and other risks, posing a great threat to railway construction safety. Taking Guangzhou-Qingyuan-Yongzhou Railway as an example, this paper uses three-dimensional remote sensing and GIS spatial analysis technology to find out macro-hydrogeological features such as geological structure and karst landform based on multi-source remote sensing data, and calculates the catchment area of tunnel in karst area, which provides scientific reference for route selection design and karst disaster prevention.
Research conclusions: (1) Most of the fault structures along the line are concentrated in the Lanshan-Lianzhou section, and 138 fault structures and 9 folds are identified by remote sensing interpretation. The fault structures are mainly S-N trending, and the folds are NE-NNE trending. (2) Karst depressions, residual hills and solitary peaks are developed, and several underground river outlets are exposed, most of which show the characteristics of beheaded river. (3) By selecting the influencing factor of water catchment area, generating the minimum gully catchment area, optimizing the water catchment unit and classifying the area with the same karst development degree, the calculated water catchment area of the karst tunnel is 56.83 km², which provides an important parameter for the calculation of water inflow of the karst tunnel. (4) The research results can be applied to railway engineering geological survey in karst area.

Key words： 3D remote sensing GIS Technology;karst landform catchment area

收稿日期: 2022-09-26

PACS:

P642.4

基金资助:中国铁路总公司科技开发重大课题(K2018G015);中国铁路设计集团有限公司重点课题(2020YY241013,2021A240406,2021A240408)

作者简介: 刘桂卫,1982年出生,男,正高级工程师。

引用本文:

刘桂卫, 王衍汇, 常天龙, 孙琪皓, 张璇钰. 遥感技术在岩溶区铁路地质勘察中应用研究[J]. 铁道工程学报, 2022, 39(12): 6-10.
LIU Guiwei, WANG Yanhui, CHANG Tianlong, SUN Qihao, ZHANG Xuanyu. Application of Remote Sensing Technology in Karst Railway Engineering Geological Survey. Journal of Railway Engineering Society, 2022, 39(12): 6-10.

链接本文:

https://tdgcxb.crec.cn/CN/ 或 https://tdgcxb.crec.cn/CN/Y2022/V39/I12/6

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