基于概率密度的隧道三维激光扫描监测方法

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摘要 研究目的:现行监控量测采用全站仪对拱顶下沉、净空变化等指标进行位移监测,这种采用固定监测点监测方法存在设置监测标靶不及时、监测结果不全面两大问题。为解决这一问题,本文引入三维激光扫描技术进行监测。但三维激光扫描监测结果为散乱点云难以直接利用,工程中需要一种准确、快速、稳定的方法对三维激光扫描点云监测结果进行分析并评估。
研究结论:(1)对三维激光扫描点云采用贪婪三角法进行拟合形成曲面,对前后测得点云形成的拟合曲面采用法向量法提取其变形情况,形成法向量概率密度函数后可用该函数判断隧道的变形情况;(2)对比高次连续的最大熵法,拟合曲面法向量概率密度函数符合正态分布特征,在工程中可默认法向量符合正态分布;(3)通过法向量的图形分析能够解决隧道变形收敛判断、局部变形判断等问题;(4)本研究成果可以应用于隧道工程监控量测领域。

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	韦征
	曾庆谊
	周建强
	陈文武
	周臻

关键词 ：三维激光, 监控量测, 概率密度函数, 法向量

Abstract：Research purposes:The current monitoring and measurement adopts the total station to monitor the displacement of arch crown settlement, clearance change and other indicators. This kind of monitoring with fixed monitoring point has two major problems: the setting of monitoring targets is not timely, and the monitoring results are not comprehensive. In order to solve this problem, this paper introduces three-dimensional laser scanning technology for monitoring. However, the monitoring results of 3D laser scanning are scattered point clouds, which are difficult to be used directly. In engineering, an accurate, fast and stable method is needed to analyze and evaluate the monitoring results of 3D laser scanning point clouds.
Research conclusions:(1) The greedy triangle method is used to fit the three-dimensional laser scanning point cloud to form a surface, and the normal vector method is used to extract the deformation of the fitting surface formed by the front and rear measured point cloud. After forming the normal vector probability density function, the deformation of the tunnel can be judged by this function. (2) Compared with the high-order continuous maximum entropy method, the probability density function of the normal vector of the fitting surface conforms to the normal distribution, and it can be defaulted that the normal vector conforms to the normal distribution in engineering. (3) The graphic analysis of normal vector can solve the problems of tunnel deformation convergence judgment, local deformation judgment and so on.(4)This research result can be applied to the field of tunnel engineering monitoring and measurement.

Key words： 3D laser monitoring and measurement probability density function normal vector

收稿日期: 2022-12-20

PACS:

U45

基金资助:浙江省交通运输厅科技项目(202201)

作者简介: ** 韦征,1982年出生,男,高级工程师。

引用本文:

韦征, 曾庆谊, 周建强, 陈文武, 周臻. 基于概率密度的隧道三维激光扫描监测方法[J]. 铁道工程学报, 2023, 40(2): 18-22.
WEI Zheng, ZENG Qingyi, ZHOU Jianqiang, CHEN Wenwu, ZHOU Zhen. Tunnel 3D Laser Scanning Monitoring Method Based on Probability Density. Journal of Railway Engineering Society, 2023, 40(2): 18-22.

链接本文:

https://tdgcxb.crec.cn/CN/ 或 https://tdgcxb.crec.cn/CN/Y2023/V40/I2/18

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