Research conclusions:Research shows that:(1)On three kinds of limit state of reinforced concrete limit state，concrete compressive and tensilelimit state，the corresponding mean value of reliable index are respectively 4. 27，13.71 and7.48. These calculation results show that the reliability level of existing railway tunnelliningreferenee maps is higher. (2)In the related codes of China，under the second safety level condition of the structure，for the ductility failure type， their reliability indexes are between 3 .2 and 4. 2，for the brittleness failure type，their reliability indexes are between 3 .7 and 4. 7.(3)The target reliability index of European countries has no relationship with failure mode，for the structure of the second level of safety grade，European countries regulations design target reliability index is 4. 26，and however it is 3. 71 in Britain.(4)Considering the calibration calculation results andtarget reliability indexes from the domestic and foreign codes，the target reliability index of railway tunnel lining on bearing capacity limit state was given， which will establish a basis for China railway tunnel structure reliability design. When the safety grade is the second level，for two state of ductile failure and brittle failure，the corresponding target reliability index were 4. 2 and 4. 7，if the safety grade is first or third level，the eorrespondingtarget reliability indexes are increased or decreased by 0. 5. (5)The research results had been successfully applied to the Provisional Code for Railway Tunnel Limit State Method.