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2017 Vol. 34, No. 6 Published: 2017-07-15

Geology and Subgrade Railway and Rail Bridge Engineering Tunnel Engineering Survey and Design Urban Rail Construction Engineering Economy and Management Orignal Article Communication Signals

Survey and Design

	1	Research on the Reconnaissance andDesignCountermeasures of Passenger Dedicated Line in Karst Area ^Hot!
		LI Yong – gui
		Abstract ； Research purposes ： Nanjing - Anqing High Speed Railway is located in hily region of the south of the Yangtze River， with many lakes and ponds， complex geological conditions， and widely distributed karst alongthe railway. The areas of carbonate distribution have karst development， and corrosion phenomenon is obrious， karst development degree is medium development and intensive development，the cave is bead - shape，high - speed railway construction is facing how to effectively identify the physical geographical and geological conditions， according to the karst development degree， choose the suitable scheme for subgrade and bridge， and to control the settlement of the structure. Therefore，the investigation and exploration methods of karst areas and the corresponding structural design schemes are carried out to ensure the reliability of tlie design. Research conclusions;( 1 ) The karst prosj^ecting should be fine investigation and analysis， advance planning organization，implementation of scientific management，which should adopt the core drilling test，seismic CT method and wave tube technology of geophysical exploration，to find out karst development and distribution of tlie karst area. (2) In the karst development area，considering the difficulty and cost of the project，it is suggested that the railway should be replaced by the bridge. (3 ) The subgrade in karst areas should be designed according to the princij^le of 11 first exploration，post irrigation and exploration irrigation" . (4) The bridge pile foundation in karst area should be arranged according to the pile drilling data, the distribution of the pile foundation is arranged，the pile foundation needs to penetrate the cave, and is supported on the bottom stable bedrock. (5) The research results can provide theoretical guidance and scientific basis for geological exploration，exploration and structural foundation design in karst area.
		2017 Vol. 34 (6): 1-4 [Abstract] ( 3282 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1589 KB) ( 2451 )

Geology and Subgrade

	5	Explorationonthe DesignMethodof Bearing Capacity of Railway Subgrade ^Hot!
		DING Zhao - feng，WU Pei - pei，LI Jing – yuan
		Abstract ； Research purposes ： The requirements of natural foundation bearing capacity of roadbed adopt the unified standard according to Code for Desi^*n on Subgrade of Railway. The standard is only related with the level of railway， and has nothing to do with the upper load and boundary conditions. When the foundation of the lowembankment is soft and strengthened by composite foundation， in order to meet the requirements of the standard for foundation bearing capacity，we must use a small pile spacing. At tliis time，there is a large amount of settlement and stability. It is great waste to the project and the designers are very troubled. In view of tlie above problems，this paper discusses the design metliod of tlie new railway subgrade bearing capacity based on the example of single line railway subgrade. Research conclusions;(1 ) The requirements of natural foundation bearing capacity of roadbed should not adopt the unified standard，it is accepted that tiie bearing capacity is determined by calculation according to the upper load and boundary conditions. (2 ) Subgrade basal stress can be calculated and determined by conventional foundation mechanics model according to the upper load. The natural foundation bearing capacity can be modified according to the boundary conditions. When the subgrade basal stress is less than or equal to the modified foundation bearing capacity，that is to meet the design requirements. (3) The design method this paper discusses can effectively avoid waste and provide the reference for the improvement and perfection of railway subgrade design method.
		2017 Vol. 34 (6): 5-8 [Abstract] ( 5274 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (329 KB) ( 2476 )

	9	Research on the Influence of Excavation of Deep Foundation Pit to Adjacent Existing High - speed Railway Bridge Pile Foundations Stability
		HU Jun
		Abstract : Research purposes ： In large and medium - sized cities， the municijDal engineering constructions have developed rapidly， which leads that the deep foundation pit engineering is more and more. Because of the lack of construction land，it，s evitable that there will be existing building or structures around the deep excavations. In this paper，combined with the rare condition that there are high - speed railway bridge pile - foundations around the deep foundation pit， through FEM numerical simulation， the influence pattern of deep foundation pit’ s excavation to supporting structures and pile foundations is analyzed， and then the numerical results are verified with on - site monitoring data. Finally，the conclusions can provide reference and guide for similar adjacent engineering. Research conclusions ：( 1) Deep foundation pit ’ s excavation causes the unloading effect，which breaks the balance of surrounding rock and soil mass， then stress redistribution occurs. (2) The deep foundation pit excavation causes the upheaval of foundation pit，and the envelop enclosure moves forward into the pit. (3 ) The stress field ’ s change causes the displacement field ’ s change，and the structure such as pile foundations in the rock and soil mass moves as the result of rock and soil’ s displacement. The direction of pile foundations is basically toward pit，whose displacement of upper part is bigger and displacement of lower part is smaller. (4) The simulation data is matched with test data，which means that the final displacements are all within the safety range，and proves that the supporting structure design in this project is effective to deep foundation pit ’ s safety. The kind of supporting structure design and pile foundations displacement patterns can be used in future similar engineering：
		2017 Vol. 34 (6): 9-13 [Abstract] ( 3272 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (878 KB) ( 2504 )

	14	Analysis of Deformation Failure Mechanism of Gently Inclined Bedding Slope
		ZHANG Guang -ze，YU Hong - ping，CHAI Chun - yang，SONG Zhang
		Abstract：Research purposes： The left high and steep slope of super major Shapo bridge 4# ~ 10# pier section，which located in the Guizhou western part of Shanghai - Kunming passenger dedicated line，is a typical dip bedding high - steep slope，and was described as rockfall site in the investigation phase. However，during construction，the site was found that rockfall scale and engineering hazard far exceeds the original understanding. Based on the UAV aerial，and the comprehensive investigation and geological analysis， the causes of collapse and rockfall， slope deformation failure mode were found out，and the feasilsle engineering measures were formulated. Research conclusions:(1) On the left side of the Shapo super major bridge 4# ~ 10# pier was bedding high - steep slope，witli serious rockfall hazards， which was caused by gently inclined bedding slope slip - pressure - induced deformation and damage of crack. (2) The key governance scope of steep - high slope was in the range of 35 m from cliff wall. The measures of section protection， and suitable comprehensive improvement measures are adopted such as the unloading， anchorage ( beam)， spray anchor net， active protection networli， anchored anti - sliding pile， anti collision wall，cut - row ditch， etc. (3) Route selection near the side of mountion should be far from steep – high slope # and regard the steep - high slope witli the characteristics of upper harder and lower soft inclined bedding for avoiding the large - scale rockfall hazards. (4) Using the UAV aerial witii advantage of shooting from top to down can play a multiplier effect to survey unfavorable geological hazards of the complicated difficult mountainous areas. (5) The research conclusions can be used to the steep - high slope treatment of tiie Shapo super major bridge 4# ~ 10# pier# and provide reference to the alignment, survey and design of t!ie development rockfall area of railway and expressway.
		2017 Vol. 34 (6): 14-18 [Abstract] ( 2709 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (810 KB) ( 2489 )

	19	Analysis of the Influence of Lateral Deformation of Soft Soil Embankment on Nearby Building Foundation
		CHAI Chun-yang1, ZHANG Guang-ze2, Wu Xi-yong1
		Abstract：Research purposes： Filling embankment on soft clay could not only lead to settlement, but also cause larger lateral deformation, which would generate a thrust force on nearby building foundation, and furtherly result in deformation，cracking and even collapse. Hence, it is required to research the distribution characters on lateral horizontal stress of soft soil embankment, and to put forward a judgment method of influence region of lateral deformation, also to calculate the horizontal thrust force of the foundation within the influence region, providing a scientific basis for arrangement and strengthening of the nearby building foundation.  Research conclusions： This paper takes highway embankment as a research example, applies Flamant stress solution and drag force method and reaches the following conclusion: (1) With the increase of depth, lateral horizontal stress first increased and then decreased，showing an arch-shaped variation.(2) Influence of lateral deformation could be ignored when additional horizontal stress is less than connection strength, according to which the influence width and depth of lateral deformation could be judged. (3) The horizontal thrust force of the foundation within the influence region could be calculated by the drag force method. (4) The research conclusion can provide a theory basis for analysis of region of lateral deformation of soft soil embankment and calculation of horizontal thrust force. 
		2017 Vol. 34 (6): 19-24 [Abstract] ( 2656 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (314 KB) ( 2428 )

Railway and Rail

	25	Research on the Measurement Metliod of CP-I Inside Long Tunnel in High - speed Railway ^Hot!
		FU Heng – you
		Abstract ： Research purposes ： The main purpose of tiunnel control survey is to reduce the transverse breakthrough eror and to make sure the breakthrough of the tunnel. The transverse breakthrough error from GPS network outside the tunnel has been reduced sharply. The method and precision of control survey inside the tunnel has been of extreme importance for the breakthrough of the tunnel. Traversing has been usually used for CP-I horizontal control survey inside the long tunnel，which has many problems such as less observation，low graphic strength，lateral swing，high cost and low efficiency. A method of CP-I measurement and its data processing based on side - angle resection at freely - occupied stations has been presented in this paper. The design and research of the control network，the measurement method，the precision control and the adjustment have been made in this paper. Research conclusions:( 1) The precision and efficiency of control survey have been improved by the CP-I measurement metliod inside the super long tunnel of high - speed railway， which has been described in this paper. The forced centering markers，which can be permanently retained，had been used for the monuments of control points to eliminate the centering error. (2 ) The experiment has been carried out in a high - speed railway project. The measurement results of the method of CP-I measurement have verified the feasible of the technical design and research and can meet the tunnel 2nd order requirements of tHe specification. (3) It is proved that this method can be applied to the control survey of construction in high - speed railway super long tunnel， which is of great reference value to the modification，supplement and improvement of tlie existing specification.
		2017 Vol. 34 (6): 25-28 [Abstract] ( 2684 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (682 KB) ( 2427 )

	29	Research on the Fastening System Selection of ffigh - speed Railway Ballastless Track in Cold Area
		LIN Hong - song，XU Hao, YAN Hua，YAO Li
		Abstract:Research purposes: Fastening system is one of tlie key components in bElastless track，in order to guide the fastening system selection of high - speed railway ballastless track in cold area，the requirements of tlie fastening system of ballastless track in cold area were analyzed combined with the engineering characteristics. The application of ballastless track fastening system at home and abroad was introduced， and the comparative analysis of technical characteristics and adaptability in cold area of fastening system were carried，and recommendations for fastening system selection were proposed. Research conclusions:( 1 ) The ability of geometry keeping and adjusting， longitudinal resistance，maintenance， the stiffness of elastic cushion， insulation performance and extreme temperature adaptability should be taken into account when selecting the fastening system of baiastless track in cold area. (2) Fastening system with bolt has strong adjusting ability and the clamping force could recover. (3 ) The nonseparated fastening system has less components and is easy to maintain. (4) The fastening system with shoulder has strong bearing capacity. The low temperature performance of composite material and the low temperature fatigue properties of clip) in fastening system should be researched. (5) This paper could provide the basis for the fastening system selection of high - speed railway baiastless track in cold area.
		2017 Vol. 34 (6): 29-32 [Abstract] ( 4494 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (764 KB) ( 2515 )

Bridge Engineering

	33	Analysis of Mechanical Property of Single Arch Rib Prestressed Concrete Beam Arch Combination Bridge
		YANG Gen-jie
		Abstract:Research purposes： A single arch ril) prestressed concrete beam arch combination bridge was studied. The prestressed concrete beam and arch bridge will be two kinds of structure system organically unifies in together，which has the advantages with a big stiffness，low construction height，and attractive appearance，but this kind of structure for multiple statically indeterminate structure，mechanical performance is complex，the design is difficult. The research was made in this paper to reveal its mechanical characteristics. Research conclusions ：( 1) The arch and beam combination bridge bears loads togetlier，which include compression of arch rib，and tension of girder，the interaction of the balance system， greatly reduces the arch and beam bending moment，uniforms beam stress，the static and dynamic performance and the operational performance of structure are better. (2) Girder adopt rigid collar beam and arch rib truss type，increasing the structure stiffness and bearing capacity， improve the structure of spanning capacity，through the optimization of arch rib and girder stiffness ratio，can further reduce the girder structure of t!ie building height. ( 3 ) When bridge crossing design，building height is constrained，and the class construction girder bridges by pushing，after pushing in place on the main girder of assembling the construction method of the single rib，greatly reduce the construction process and the late maintenance and repair of the busy traffic impact under t!ie bridge. (4 ) The conclusion could be used for design，calculation and analys of single arch hId beam arch combination bridge.
		2017 Vol. 34 (6): 33-37 [Abstract] ( 2678 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1164 KB) ( 2432 )

	38	Comparative Analysis ofSeismic Design Methods for Intercity Railway Continuous Bridge
		HE Yong - feng1，ZHUO Yi2
		Abstract : Research purposes : The selection of seismic design metliod for intercity railway bridges under frequent and rare earthquake，has a significant influence on safety of bridge structure. In order to study the characteristics of different seismic calculation methods for intercity railway continuous girder bridges，and determine the method used in different calculation phases， taking a Jinzhou - Puwan intercity railway continuous bridge of Dalian as the engineering background，this paper firstly introduces the calculation process of railway code simplified method，response spectrum method，elastic and elastic - plastic time - history analysis method. Furthierly， the seismic analysis of intercity railway continuous bridge under frequent and rare earthquake by using three analysis method has been conducted. Finally，the results of the top displacement，the bending moment and the shear force of piers are compared. Research conclusions :( 1 ) For continuous bridge， when it comes to longitudinal seismic effect under frequent earthquake excitation，there is little difference among railway code simplified method，response spectrum method and elastic time - history analysis. ( 2 ) When considering the horizontal earthquakeseismic effect under frequent earthquake，response spectrum method and elastic time - history analysis are preferred $ using railway code simplified metliod to be dangerous. (3) Faced with rare earthquake，elastic - plastic time - history analysis method is more reasonable and economical. (4) Faced with rare earthquake，using railway code simplified method or response spectrum method results distortion，will seriously enlarge the pier bottom bending moment and increase the amount of reinforcement. (5 ) The research results of t!iis paper have some guidance and reference for the seismic design of continuous girder bridges.
		2017 Vol. 34 (6): 38-42 [Abstract] ( 3003 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1644 KB) ( 2459 )

	43	Seismic Response Analysis of Railway Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge near Fault ^Hot!
		ZENG Yong - ping1，CHEN Ke - jian2，LI Guang - chuan2，LIU Peng2
		Abstract : Research purposes : The acceleration peak value ( PGA ) and velocity pulse of near fault ground motion have great difference with thefar field earthquake，which is more destructive to the bridge structure. Therefore，in order to obtain the railway continuous rigid frame bridge response characteristics and failure modes in the near fault earthquake and the guideline of design the near fault bridge in the railway from Sichuan to Tibet，this paper takes the typical continuous rigid frame bridge in the railway from Sichuan to Tibet for example，establishes the finite element analysis model of the bridge by using FRAME ( 3D) software， then studies the near fault earthquake response of railway continuous rigid frame bridge. Research conclusions:( 1) The damage of near fault ground motion witli energy pulse，rich long - period components to the bridge structure is more serious than the far field eartliquake. (2 ) The relationship between damage degree of bridge pier and PGV/PGA is obvious，the larger t!ie ratio of PGV/PGA is，the more serious the damage is，thus，the PGV/PGA can be used as an important indicator to determine whether the ground motion has a serious damage to the structure; In the near fault ground motion，the ratio of PGV/PGA >0. 2 s is high， and the bridge pier is badly damaged. ( 3 ) The damage of the continuous rigid frame bridge under earthquake is mainly concentrated in the pier bottom，the pier top or the beam position. ( 4) The seismic design of tlie near fault bridge structure should not only consider the factor of high power input of fault earthquake pulse type，but also consider the cumulative damage of high strength and low cycle fatigue. (5 ) This study can provide guidelines to seismic design for tlie railway continuous rigid frame bridge located on near - fault zone.
		2017 Vol. 34 (6): 43-47 [Abstract] ( 3312 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1244 KB) ( 2433 )

Tunnel Engineering

	48	Designof the Wind - resistant Gallery inLanzhou - Xinjiang Highspeed Railway ^Hot!
		HE Yong – wang
		Abstract :Research purposes : Lanzhou - Xinjiang high - speed railway passes through the 50 - km wind area，in order to reduce the wind ；fects on the safety of high speed railway in operation phases，the wind - resistant gallery was first proposed and designed in the core area of tlie 50 - km wind region. The structural style of wind - resistant gallery was determined and the construction technology，connection type，ventilation lighting and pressure relief holes were studied based on the characteristics of tlie strong wind and wind - resistant gallery. Research conclusions:( 1) The wind - resistant gallery consists of the pile foundation，longitudinal beam and concrete vault. (2)The construction method with the factory prefabrication and on - site consolidation is applied in the wind - resistant gallery. (3 ) The rigid connection technology with shape steel and post - poured concrete is applied in the precast segment. (4) In order to implement the function of natural lighting， natural ventilation and relieve the aerodynamic effect，ventilation lighting and pressure relief holes are designed in the leeward side of the wind - resistant gallery. The research results can be used for the protection engineering in highway and railway that located in the environmental sensitive area，and also can be used for the reference for the similar engineering construction.
		2017 Vol. 34 (6): 48-52 [Abstract] ( 3003 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1076 KB) ( 2453 )

	53	Research on the New Shed Tunnel Structure in High - speed Railway Tunnel Portal of Mountain Area
		SHI Xian – wei
		Abstract : Research purposes : The purpose of this paper is to study the rockfall protection of the high speed railway tunnel entrance in the mountainous area，which is an important factor restricting the safe operation. This paper is based on the high - speed railway project from Xi an to Chengdu，combined witli terrain features，proposes two new types of shed structure of the integration of flexible steel net shed tunnel tunnel，column and beam supported reinforced concrete shed，and analyzes their characteristics，puts forward the applicable conditions. Research conclusions ：( 1) Column and beam supported reinforced concrete shed tunnel superstructure has large self - weight，need to set the foundation alone，and has complex process， construction difficulty，large investment，but good durability，lowmaintenance cost，when the elevation difference between the surface of the orbit and the ground is higher， the detailed analysis and calculation of the high seismic zone must be carried out. (2) The integration of flexible steel net shed tunnel can be integrated with the bridge， the utility model has the advantages of convenient manufacture and installation，beautiful appearance，but has the disadvantage of poor durability of steel， the need for regular anti rust treatment and high maintenance costs. (3)The elevation difference between the surface and the center of the channel is an important factor influencing the selection of two new types of shed tunnel，when the height difference is less than 15 m，the column and beam supported reinforced concrete shed is prefered. (4 ) The research results can be widely used in rockfall protection of railway tunnel portal.
		2017 Vol. 34 (6): 53-58 [Abstract] ( 2848 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1401 KB) ( 2465 )

Communication Signals

	59	Scheme and Circuit Study of Train Control for the Tunnel Disaster Prevention and Rescue
		CHEN Qian，XIAO Peng
		Abstract : Research purposes : In order to ensure the safety operation of tlie railway in the mountain，the tunnel disaster prevention and evacuation facilities need to be set up in the tunnel or tunnel group. Based on the analysis and research of the engineering case，this paper gives full consideration to the tunnel or tunnel group evacuation， firefighting and rescue conditions in railway line，using the existing thinking of train operation control in China to research train control scheme and implement circuit for tlie tunnel disaster prevention and rescue from the vehicle and the ground，to explore the emergency plan of disaster prevention and rescue from the angle of tlie train control system. Research conclusions :( 1) By adjusting the underlying data source file in the on - board LKJ and the ( ETCS -72 ) text messages of balise in the ground，the warning message is added to the display information of DMI in order to assist the driver to find out the most effective tunnel shelter ( rescue station，shelter and emergency exits) . (2 ) By the arrangement of the interrupt signal，the schemes realizes the dock of the fire train. ( 3 ) By the train control of emergency control panel，the schemes ensures the safety of t!ie subsequent trains and the adjacent line trains. (4 ) The train control scheme and circuit implementation for the tunnel disaster prevention and rescue which is proposed in this paper， should have some exploration significance for the future engineering application.
		2017 Vol. 34 (6): 59-63 [Abstract] ( 3279 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (865 KB) ( 2451 )

Orignal Article

	64	Exploration and Practice on the Construction of HSR - Oriented Multimodal Passenger Transportation Hub ^Hot!
		LIU Jun – shan
		Abstract : Research purposes : Building a multimodal passenger transportation hub is one of the effective ways to solve urban problems. Chinas high - speed railway ( HSR) has got the remarkable developing achievements. However，there are many problems in the construction of HSR - oriented multimodal pasenger transportationhub，especially the balance between the public welfare and the owner* s benefit，and the integration between local governments and railway owners. The research based on summarizing the development trends of the hubs and their influence on city development， and combined with the relevant national policies，strived to innovate the methods to solve the problems，then carried on the innovative effective practice. Research conclusions :( 1) The construction of HSR - oriented multimodal passenger transportation hub has the trends of traffic integration， land intensivism and functional integration. (2) HSR has a positive effect on accelerating the development of the cities along the railway，and will bring them “high - speed railway bonus” which ultimately rely on the hubs to achieve. (3 ) Innovative 11 overall planning 11 of the whole railway is an effective way to solve the problems of the current hub construction，which based on “policy oriented” as the foundation，and “multi - win - win situation” as thegoal，and “management innovation” as the guarantee. (4) This study can provide reference for the planning and construction of HSR - oriented multimodal transportation pasenger hub and similar projects.
		2017 Vol. 34 (6): 64-67 [Abstract] ( 5470 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (815 KB) ( 2508 )

Urban Rail Construction

	68	Research on the Function Location and Characteristics ofthe Intercity Railway
		WANG Wan – ying
		Abstract : Research purposes : In order to strengthen the economic links between urban and urban agglomeration，to resolve the exchange of passengers between cities，we must develop the intercity railway vigorously. In order to further clarify the functional positioning and characteristics of intercity railway under the integrated transportation system，from the perspective of service of passenger transport，the paper described the concept of intercity railway，analyzed the relationship among the intercity railway and the otlier transport modes in regional comprehensive transportation system (railway，highway， aviation，waterways)，leaded to the division of labor and the characteristics of various modes of transport，to provide a theoretical basis for the accelerated development of intercity railway. Research conclusions :( 1) Intercity railway bears the passenger flow between the cities and the main center of the city， and takes into account tlie pasenger flow between the city group and towns. (2 ) Intercity railway and road transport is not a simple alternative to each otlier，but need to coordinate development. ( 3 ) Within the urban agglomeration，civil aviation and water transport has no impact on the intercity traffic. (4) Intercity railway should use the small marshalling， high density and transit oriented mode， driving directly by one station and access to the stations and every station. The research results of thiis paper can be applied to project planning and program research in intercity railway area.
		2017 Vol. 34 (6): 68-71 [Abstract] ( 3234 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (715 KB) ( 2434 )

	72	Research on the Distance between Centers of Tracks Standard on Regional Railway
		FENG Hui – miao
		Abstract：Research purposes： Regional railway designed speed of 100 ~ 160 km/h，is a high - speed， high - density，pasenger dedicated railway line of transit type. With the development of urbanization in our country， the demand for railway construction in the city is bigger and bigger，the standards of tlie running regional railways are not uniform. Based on the analysis of the technical differences between the regional railway，intercity railway and urban rail transit，combined witli the selection of vehicles，this paper studies the standard of distance between centers of tracks， and provides reference for the design and specification of tlie regional railway. Research conclusions ：( 1 ) The minimum distance between centers of tracks in the straight line of regional type A vehicle is 3.8 m， the minimum distance between centers of tracks in the straight line of regional type D vehicle and regional CRH vehicle is 4. 0 m. (2) When the super elevation of the outer line is set to be equal to or less than that of the inner line，the widening of distance between centers of tracks may not be considered in the section of 400 m curve radius and above. (3) The standard of distance between tracks of centers is slightly lower than the current code for design of intercity railway and code for design of railway line，is slightly larger than the subway specification，is quite similar to that of Japan and France， and is lower than German standards. (4) The research results could provide references for regional railway line standard and code compilation.
		2017 Vol. 34 (6): 72-76 [Abstract] ( 2701 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (568 KB) ( 2423 )

Engineering Economy and Management

	77	Research on the Engineering Feature Extraction Metliod Based on Rough Set Theory
		HAN Tao
		Abstract ： Research purposes ： The traditional feature selection worlds，mostly based on expert experience or reference to historical statistics and analysis of engineering data to select，have a certain subjectivity. In order to accurately calculate the influence degree of each engineering feature on engineering estimation，the paper experimented witli the use of rough set theory to the engineering properties of the extraction problem，we propose a systematic construction method of rough set feature extraction. This method overcomes the subjectivity of the traditional engineering feature extraction method， plays the advantages of rough sets，thus improves accuracy and efficiency. Research conclusions：( 1 ) In this paper， the rough sets theory is used to calculate the influence degree of each engineering feature，and find out t!ie engineering characteristic categories influencing the actual engineering system. And it is more objective and true reflection of tiie actual project cost system. ( 2 ) Rough set analysis method only uses the information provided by the bill of quantities data，without any knowledge of the experience. The method is more objective than the traditional methods to determine the engineering characteristics， and the credibility is higher. (3) Using this method to extract the characteristics of subgrade engineering，compared with the conventional method of calculation，is closer to reality and tend to be safe and stable. (4) The research results can provide theoretical reference for the preparation of railway project cost，and also have certain reference significance for the municipal road and urban rail transit project estimation.
		2017 Vol. 34 (6): 77-81 [Abstract] ( 2646 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (785 KB) ( 2430 )

	82	Research on the Correspondence Steps of Railway Technical Standards for Chinese Enterprises in the Process of "Going - out" ^Hot!
		FENG Mei
		Abstract ： Research purposes ： The technical standards are playing increasingly important role in the process of railway "going-out"，when the Chinese enterprises get involved in the more and more high - end projects overseas. This article，analyzing and exploring the standards barriers from both international and domestic standards points of view，is aimed to provide a reference for the Chinese enterprises to cope with the obstacle from technical standards in the process of going - out. Research conclusions ：( 1) Put forward the current situation of standards application in overseas projects and analyze the major reasons for the obstacles. (2) Put forward the suggestions on the short - term and long - term correspondence steps for Chinese enterprises to remove technical standards barriers. (3 ) These research outcomes can be as references for the enterprises and technical personnel.
		2017 Vol. 34 (6): 82-87 [Abstract] ( 3402 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (914 KB) ( 2419 )

	88	Research on the Behavior of St^te - owned Enterprise Manager Based on Spatial Evolution Game
		DUAN Yong - chuan，LI Xue - mei，LI Xue – wei
		Abstract：Research purposes: Themodem enterprise systemis based on theseparation of ownership and management. Theinterest of state - owned enterprise is often threatened byirregularities of agent (state - owned enterprise manager) owing to incomplete oversight system. Combing Agent with Prisoner’s Dilemma repeated game，behavior evolution model of state - owned manager is established based on spatial evolution game to explore the mechanism of behavior evolution. It is expected to find how to supervise，how to stimulate and howto punish the behavior of state - owned manager by simulating penalty and discipline inspection impact on the behavior evolution of the state - owned managers. Research conclusions:(1) To a great extent，state - owned enterprise managers have irregularities owing to their own reasons in addition to a single incentive. Managers are not sensitive to the high incentive，neither will they change their behaviors dramatically with the increase of incentive. (2) Compared with harsh discipline，state - owned enterprise managers ^behavior is more vulnerable to the influence of income level. State - owned enterprise managers should be punished according to their current income level. ( 3 ) The average income and the income of working hard are negatively related to violation proportion. The irregularity proportion of manager has a negative correlation with the income of violation failure. (4) The conclusion of tliis paper has guiding significance to control irregularities of manager of state - owned enterprise.
		2017 Vol. 34 (6): 88-92 [Abstract] ( 2918 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1091 KB) ( 2412 )