铁路工程的施工和运营使用都对环境产生不同程度的影响，针对工程在不同时期的不同影响方式和类型，本文结合内昆线安边至树舍段实例，采用矩阵法对环境影响因子进行识别和筛选，得出主要环境影响评价因子，采用AHP法确定各评价因子权重，最后利用模糊综合评价的方法对铁路工程项目的环境影响进行综合评价.

Both the construction of railway engineering and its operation have impacts on environment. According to the different impact styles in different times, the matrix method has been used at first to identify and screen the environmental impact factors to get the main environmental impact assessment factors, then the AHP method is used to confirm the weight of assessment factors. Finally, with fuzzy mathematic method, the paper gives synthetically the Environmental Impact Assessment on railway engineering.