南昆铁路沿线地貌复杂，地质灾害类型多、地段长、危害大。铁路建设中，对沿线的地貌特征和膨胀岩土、软土泥炭土、滑坡泥石流、断裂带、地下岩溶、煤层瓦斯、高地应力和高烈度地震等地质灾害进行了系统研究，拟订和实施了相应的防治工程措施，保证了南昆铁路顺利建成通车。

Geological hazards in Nanning-Kunming railway have many types more than 10, distribute in very long sections more than 644 km, and bring about huge harms. In construction of the railway, the expansive rock and swell laterite, soft soil and peat soil , landslide and debris flow, shattered fault zone, conceal Karst, gassy seam, high ground stress and high earthquake intensity along the railway were investigated, and the corresponding measures of engineering control had been drawn and implemented. Therefore, successful construction of Nanning-Kunming railway was guaranteed and the railway had been opened to traffic.