西安安康铁路和西安南京铁路均穿越秦岭山脉的复杂地质地区，本文结合工程实例揭示了高阶地基座岩石风化的隐蔽性和对隧道、路基、桥梁工程的影响，介绍了对应的各类工程处理措施，总结了河流高阶地基座岩石风化的共性，指出高阶地基座岩石风化受到岩石矿物组成、节理、地下水等因素共同影响，是山区铁路中一个极为隐蔽的地质问题，加强对其勘察设计的准确性和进行恰当的工程处理，关系到铁路工程的施工和运营安全。

Xian-Nanjing and Xian-Ankang railway both go through the Mountain Qinling with complex geology condition. According to the example of railway project above, this paper expound that weathering character of river terrace base rocks and its infection to railway engineering such as tunnel, roadbed and bridge. And also introduces the proper way to deal with it. Writer sum up the common characteristic of all those kind of rock effloresce which influence by the case of ground water, mineral, joint and crack etc. Those rock effloresce is covert geology problem at mountainous area. Writer advised the way to raise the veracity in Investigating and Designing, and dealing with rock effloresces in proper project.