研究目的: 桩-土复合地基在列车荷载下会产生动力作用,甚至造成强度失效或整体变形破坏,严重威胁列车运行安全。因此,亟需开展列车荷载下桩-土复合地基动力特性的研究,对有效提高铁路路基的稳定性、保证高速列车的行驶安全具有重要意义。本文通过分析桩-土复合地基的加固机理及破坏模式,总结国内外关于桩-土复合地基在不同动荷载下的动力响应研究现状以及几种常用的不同桩型复合地基在列车荷载下的动力响应规律,并在此基础上指出目前的研究不足和提出未来需要重点关注的研究问题。
研究结论: (1)尽管不同动荷载作用下桩-土复合地基的动力响应呈现了不同的特征,但在动荷载下桩体响应都大于土体响应,这与桩-土复合地基的作用机理吻合,不管在静载或动载下桩体承担了大部分荷载,因此对桩-土复合地基动力响应的研究应重点分析桩体的响应,但同时也不能忽略桩间土的影响;(2)桩体材料、桩体形状、桩帽、褥垫层厚度、复合土体模量等因素都会影响复合地基的动力特性,列车荷载下桩-土复合地基的动力响应特性还与列车的车速、列车载重、循环次数等有关,且普遍认为刚性桩复合地基具有良好的抗震性能,碎石或砂砾垫层表现出良好的隔震作用;(3)列车荷载下不同桩型构成的桩-土复合地基其桩间土体振动响应沿深度方向存在衰减特性,但桩体则存在某个部位的放大现象,在设计不同桩型复合地基时应注意考虑桩体动力特性的研究;(4)本研究结论可为设计单位进行铁路桩-土复合地基的优化设计提供理论依据。
Abstract
Research purposes: Under the train load, pile-soil composite foundation will produce dynamic action, and even cause strength failure or overall deformation and destruction, which seriously threaten the safety of train operation. Therefore, it is urgent to study the dynamic characteristics of pile-soil composite foundation under train load, which is of great significance to effectively improve the stability of railway subgrade and ensure the safety of high-speed train. This paper analyzes the reinforcement mechanism and failure mode of pile-soil composite foundation, summarizes the research status of domestic and foreign scholars on the dynamic response of pile-soil composite foundation under different dynamic loads and the dynamic response law of several commonly used different pile type composite foundation under train loads. On this basis, it points out the shortcomings of current research and puts forward the research problems that need to be paid more attention in the future.
Research conclusions: (1) Although the dynamic response of pile-soil composite foundation under different dynamic loads presents different characteristics, the response of pile body is greater than that of soil body under dynamic loads, which is consistent with the action mechanism of pile-soil composite foundation, whether under static or dynamic loads, piles bear most of the load. Therefore, the research on the dynamic response of pile-soil composite foundation should focus on the response of piles, but the influence of soil between piles should not be ignored. (2) Pile materials, shape of pile, pile cap, thickness of mattress layer, modulus of composite soil and other factors will influence the dynamic characteristics of pile-soil composite foundation, and the dynamic response characteristics of pile-soil composite foundation under train load are also related to the speed of the train, train load, cycle times and so on. It is generally believed that the rigid pile composite foundation has good seismic performance, and gravel or gravel mats exhibit good isolation. (3) The soil vibration response of pile-soil composite foundation composed of different pile types under train loads attenuates along the depth direction, but the pile body amplifies in a certain part. Therefore, the dynamic characteristics of pile should be considered when designing composite foundation of different pile types. (4) The research conclusion can provide a theoretical basis for the optimal design of railway pile-soil composite foundation.
关键词
桩-土复合地基 /
加固机理 /
动荷载 /
动力响应
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Key words
pile-soil composite foundation /
reinforcement mechanism /
dynamic loads /
dynamic response
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脚注
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基金
国家重点研发计划资助(2018YFC1504901);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(145RJZA068)
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