研究目的: 建筑信息模型(Building Information Modeling,BIM)近年来在铁路建筑领域取得越来越广泛的应用,成为该行业赋能的重要技术手段之一。为研判BIM技术在铁路领域的应用现状及发展趋势,以国内外文献为数据源,运用文献计量理论方法,从研究热点和研究趋势两方面构建国内外BIM技术在铁路行业应用的知识图谱,从定性和定量两个角度剖析铁路领域BIM研究现状及趋势。
研究结论: (1)国内外BIM技术在铁路工程领域的应用研究各有侧重点,国外注重BIM基础理论及标准化方面的研究且起步较早,成果较为丰硕,形成较为完整的知识体系,国内则多集中于工程实践的应用,虽原创性成果相对缺乏,但呈现出奋起直追之势;(2)从研究趋势角度分析,BIM技术与人工智能、物联网、云计算、大数据等新一代信息技术深度融合,实现铁路工程的协同设计、施工管理、运维阶段可视化管理、铁路全寿命周期管理、BIM应用标准化等工程领域深化应用,将成为未来的发展方向;(3)本文研究可为深入推广BIM技术在铁路领域的理论研究和实践应用提供借鉴。

Research purposes: Building Information Modeling (BIM) has been widely used in railway construction in recent years and become one of the important technical means of industrial empowerment. In order to judge the technical development and application trend of BIM technology in the field of railway, on the basis of relevant study literature as data sources, we built the knowledge map of BIM technology application in railway industry at home and abroad from two aspects, namely research hotspot and research trend based on CiteSpace software, and analyzed the BIM research status and trend in railway field from the qualitative and quantitative aspects.
Research conclusions: (1)The application research of BIM technology in the field of railway engineering at home and abroad has its own emphases. Foreign countries focus on the research of BIM basic theory and standardization and start earlier with fruitful results, forming a relatively complete knowledge system, while domestic focuses on the application ofengineering practice. Although the original achievements are relatively lacking, it shows a tendency to catch up.(2)From the viewpoints of research trend, BIM technology is deeply integrated with artificial intelligence, Internet ofThings, cloud computing, big data and other new generation of information technology. It will become the futuredevelopment direction to realize the deepening application of railway engineering fields such as collaborative design,construction management, visual management in operation and maintenance stage, railway life cycle management, BIM application standardization and so on.(3)The research results can provide reference for further promoting the theoretical research and practical application of BIM technology in the field of railway.