Research conclusions: The problems exist in application of remote sensing satellite image in ecological impact assessment for railway construction, such as low image resolution, no rectification of image, unmatched timeframe, insufficient field investigation, errors of image interpretation and identification. The independent processes of identical procedure to the images from Sino-Brazilian Resources Satellite and Landsat7 ETM+ Satellite were conducted tomake a comparative analysis for the alignment of Jiangle Station of Hangzhou -Ningbo Railway. The result shows that a considerable difference exists in the landscape structure, particularly in forestry patches. The Landsat images are better than Sino-Brazilian images. To enhance accuracy of the ecological impact assessmen,t it is recommended the satellite images with higher quality should be used, the image rectification should be conducted, the site investigation should be done, and the interpretation quality should be improved.