研究目的：铁路工程设计中方案比选是一个多目标、多准则、多因素的系统工程，从常规定性分析的角度 进行比选时，各方案各有优劣，尤其当各方案优劣差异不大时，难以科学地推选出最优方案。通过本研究，拟 建立一个合理比选线路方案的综合评价指标体系。 研究结论：(1)因子分析法适合多角度、影响因素复杂的项目评价，已在社会学、医学、经济学等领域广泛 应用，因此本次评价推荐因子分析法；（2)根据福厦客专的特点和方案比选原则，采用因子分析法建立了福厦 客专方案综合评价指标体系；（3)以福厦客专莆田段方案比选为例，首先对莆田段方案进行常规的定性分析， 再将各方案纳人综合评价指标体系进行分析和评价，最后根据评价结果综合推选出最优方案，即荔城新区设 站方案;（4)本文所述的线路方案比选思路和综合评价指标体系对类似项目的方案比选具有参考意义。

Research purposes ： The comparison and selection of the plans is a systems engineeringwith multij^le objectives， multiple criteria and multiple factors in railways engineering design. From the point of conventional qualitative analysis to compare and select， each plan has advantages and disadvantages. Especially when these plans have no major difference，it is difficult to select the optimal one scientifically. Through this research，a comprehensive evaluation index system for reasonable comparison and selection of the plans was to be established. Research conclusions ：( 1) Fit to evaluate the project with multiple angels and complex factors，factor analysis method has been widely applied for the fields such as sociology， medicine and economics， thus factor analysis method was recommended in this evaluation. (2) According to the characteristics of Fuzhou - Xiamen Dedicated Passenger Line and the principle of comparison and selection of the plans，the comprehensive evaluation index system of the plans of Fuzhou -Xiamen Dedicated Passenger Line was established by factor analysis method. (3) Taking Putian section of Fuzhou - Xiamen Dedicated Passenger Line for example，we first did conventional qualitative analysis on plan of Putian section， and then bring each plan into the comprehensive evaluation index system for analyzing and evaluating，and selected the optimal plan according to the results of evaluation finally. (4) The idea and the comprehensive evaluation index system on the comparison and selection of line plans in this study have reference significance to the comparison and selection of similar projects.