Research conclusions: ( 1 ) There are three schemes on the scheme of leading Wuhan - Xiangyang - Shiyan intercity railway into Zaoyang station that are intercity field is on the same side of the existing station，intercity field is on the side and speed limit and intercity field is on the side and does not limit 350 km/h. (2) Combined with the implementation of the project investment，difficulty，travel and other factors，Wuhan - Xiangyang - Shiyan intercity railway recommend the scheme intercity field is on the side and does not limit 350 km/h with less project investment， no speed limit，more convenient passengers travel，the relatively small implementation of the difficulty. (3) In the introduction of leading some railway into the station，we can divide the research into new station is on the same side and on the side of the existing station. It is necessary to combine the urban planning and the existing facilities to determine the optimal scheme from many aspects. (4) The research methods and conclusions can provide reference for the introduction of a regional plan for the same type of railway.

Research conclusions :(1) The three faults of Chengdu to Kangding of Sichuan - Tibet Railway where the strong earthquake occurred，have fault activity and have a greater influence on the railway line selection， to reduce risk by reasonable line selection. (2) The project effect caused by active faults has engineering damage caused by The surface rupture，vibration damage caused by seismic waves，increased difficulties of engineering construction or engineering plan not workable caused by geothermal anomaly in fracture controlled area，the secondary disasters such as landslide，debris flow，collapse damage to engineering formed because of faulting. (3)The geological route selection in active faults area should give full consideration to the activities of the active faults and the main engineering problems caused by it. (4) The research results are mainly applied to the geological route selection work of Chengdu to Kangding in Sichuan - Tibet railway.

Research conclusions :(1) Within the area of expressway, the debris flow has the characteristics of breaking out with numbers, large area, high frequency and high truculency. (2) Debris flow distributed along the proposed expressway has the damage modes of buried hazards, destroyed hazards and blocking river hazards. (3 ) In the area of valley, the engineering geological alignment of the proposed expressway should be done before ascertaining the traces of debris flow activity and its scale，and then determined the position and elevation of the expressway ； The alignment of the proposed expressway should avoid the debris flow which is in the period of formation and development，or is afflicted by serious silting ； In the valley area the alignment of the expressway should be prohibited passing through the position of debris flow deposit，but allowed to cross the flowing area of debris flow by the form of high - span bridge. (4) The research conclusions can be widely applied in the geological alignment for expressway，railway engineering in Wenchuan area.

Research conclusions :(1) A search pattern which is based on the hypothesis of combination sliding is adopted in plane coordinate system. The method is considered the geometric characteristics and typical sliding mode of rock - soil mixture slope through continuous change of sliding positions of circle center and calculation effective intersection of arc and line. (2) A calculation and analysis software about rock - soil mixture slope stability is developed by means of C# program for automatic searching combined sliding surfaces and calculating the minimum safety factor in slope section. (3) The research results were ideally applied for landslide improvement design in Lvliang - Linxian railway branch line engineering to improve the design precision and efficiency for many rock - soil mixture slopes，and this method is a good reference for the stability analysis to slope sliding along arc and straight planes.

Research conclusions: ( 1 )Through the comparison of CFG pile raft，bored pile plate and pre - stressed pipe pile raft scheme，using pile raft for reinforcement multi line subgrade has obvious technical，economic and shorter work - period of comprehensive advantages. (2) By using the pile raft foundation，the amount of cushion compression,pile and the stab deformation of the piles can be ignored in the calculation of the settlement calculation of compositefoundation， the amount of compression of the substratum under the pile is only counted，calculation accuracy meets the requirements. (3) Using static pressure method for prestressed pipe pile construction,in case there are thick dense sand stratum，using high pressure water flushing with static pressure construction methods to traverse can meet the design pile depth. (4)Through observation and evaluation ol subgrade settlement，it is recognized that using the pile raft foundation without preloading meet the standard of settlement after construction. (5 ) The research results can provide reference for the foundation reinforcement of the multi line subgrade of passenger dedicated railway line.

Research conclusions :(1) The unload standard of vacuum preloading， should be controlled by the rate of settlement and the degree of consolidation，the rate of settlement is less than 1 to 2 mm/d for 5 to 10 days，and controlled by the degree of consolidation according to the need of post - construction settlement. The load level should be considered for the degree of consolidation，and the total load level should be considered for calculation of degree of consolidation，or the total final settlement as the general settlement under total load，to calculate the degree of consolidation. Especially for high speed railway，the rate of settlement should be less than 1 mm/d for 5 to 10 days. (2) The laws of the rise and dissipation of pore water pressure are basically identical to the settlement rate with load. (3) The settlement will still increase slowly with vacuum unloading， but the settlement rate is lesser. Due to the change of the stress boundary conditions，a certain period should be guaranteed after the vacuum preloading unloads. (4) The transfer law of vacuum with time and depth in different medium is different，and it is suit to transfer for vacuum preloading stress by the plastic drainage plate channels. (5) The research result can be used for design and construction of high - speed railway.

Research conclusions :(1) The stress diffusion angle and lateral friction have significant effection on the calculation results of additional stress. When the value of stress diffusion angle or lateral friction changes， the substratum’s additional stress may focus or disperse. (2) The compression modulus ratio of reinforcement area to substratum of composite ground has also significant influence on the additional stress in substratum， but the additional stress only disperses generally when the value of this ratio changes. ( 3 ) The computing results of stress diffusion method，equivalent entity method and equivalent layer method are influenced greatly by their main computing parameters， Boussinesq method is more applicable to compute the substratum ^s additional stress. (4) The research conclusions have good references value for engineers to choose the calculation method for the substratum s additional stress.

Research conclusions :(1) In view of the larger excavations of soft soil area，according to the requirements of the lateral wall of the excavations with different control，we formulate the scheme of row pile of displacement control combined with vertical inclined supporting and sloping of stability control with cantilever pile，the reasonable conclusion was verified by the monitoring data which can be used for reference of similar projects. (2) In the process of excavations design，we should pay attention to the actual situation of the side wall of excavations，and use existing reinforcement measures to improve the geotechnical parameters reasonably，to save engineering investment and shorten the time limit. ( 3 ) During the construction，the overload of the excavations should be strictly controlled，the deformation quantity of the excavations should be in the allowable range，and the risk of excavations accidents should be reduced. (4) The research results can provide guidance for the design and construction of deep excavation in soft soil area.

Research conclusions: ( 1 ) Load transfer phenomenon is exactly existed between rigid pile and the adjacent soil. The positive and negative friction appears respectively. (2) Additive soil stress induced by soil surface loading is of nonlinear distribution in depth， and can be fitted by parabolic equation through the least squares method. (3 ) Settlement calculation of Beijing - shanghai high - speed railway foundation is close to the monitoring data，and the error is about 15%. (4) The calculated differential settlement between pile and soil is larger than the actual one if the pile skin and toe stiffness coefficients were determined by Randolph theory，so it is necessary to do further researches on the method of stiffness coefficients determination.

Research conclusions: ( 1 )The excess deformation of foundation pit can be classified into internal and external factors. The internal factors include the interface of stratum inclining to foundation pit，the weaken of stratum interface because of rainfall，and the weak deformation control of flexible pile - anchor supporting system. The external factors include construction blast and overload due to tower crane on ground. (2) The failure of foundation pit is largely depended on excess deformation，rather than the strength failure of retaining structure. Deformation monitoring and dynamic feedback should be strengthened during construction. ( 3 ) As for the flexible pile - anchor retaining system，limited role for the control of continued deformation is found. The composite retaining system of pile - anchor - support can effectively reduce the tensile stress and deformation of anchor rod， and the stability of foundation pit can be realized. (4) The research conclusions can provide some references for similar project in future.

Research conclusions :(1) It is feasible to determine the quality of concrete pile integrity through analyzing the pile of tube wave propagation characteristics， based on the theory of tube waves. (2) It is regularity spreading of the longitudinal wave and the tube wave in the pipes，with a quite difference of the two waves" spreading characteristics， forming the image features of the phase axis. (3) The tube wave propagation has the physical characteristics of pile concrete，the different tube wave phase axis image map features reflect the structural properties of the concrete pile. (4) The research results can be used in the field of engineering construction pile foundation inspection. And the method provides a new way for pile integrity testing technology.

Research conclusions ： Through field measurement， indoor test， wind tunnel test， and numerical analysis， and by analyzing the Gobi sand movement characteristics， the results have be demonstrated ： ( 1 ) When the dominant wind direction and the direction of the retaining sand wall are vertical， effect of sand blocking of sand barrier is the best， when the angle of them is changed gradually to the small angle， effect of sand guiding of sand barrier is obvious. (2) While height of the retaining sand wall is 2 m and ventilation rate is 40%， the effect of sand prevention is remarkable. (3) Facilities of sand resistance such as high vertical sand barrier，measures of sand fixing such checkerboard sand barrier as stone box，these engineering measures are suitable for the line. (4) The infuence of sand damage to normal operations of the train is reduced because of sand control engineering， and the technical support is provide for the train to run all day. (5) The research achievements can provide the reference for sand prevention of strong wind zone of Gobi，and provide the theoretical and technical support for the revision of the relevant standards.

Research conclusions:With continuous vertical beam，the effect on bridge deck system within the integral steel beam is enhanced，to alleviate the stress on the main truss，especially the lower chord. Axial tension of the longitudinal beam increases significantly，causing the enlargement of external bending moment of the horizontal beam especially the end of it，and the enlargement of the horizontal deflection. The setting of joint brackets causes slight increase in the longitudinal axial tension，but greatly reduces the external bending moment of horizontal beam and horizontal deflection，longitudinal cross - section should appropriately increase to meet the needs of its own strength. The research results can provide valuable reference for the design of similar bridges.

Research conclusions ： By analyzing results of tests and researching computation results of lock - up device bearing, we can get following research conclusions ： ( 1 ) The lock - up device bearing will quickly implement lock function under quick loading, and can slide freely under slow state. (2)The fatigue test for 100 thousand times shows that no leakage and clamping stagnation happen. (3)Test results of damping properties on bridges show that after importing earthquake wave and the speed of lock - up device bearing reaches locking value, shifting bearing plays the function of fixed bearing. (4) Installation of lock - up device bearing will sharply reduce horizontal force of main fixed pier. (5) Main activity pier will bear horizontal force, and horizontal forces of main piers top are close to each other, which can reduce overall dimensions and reinforcement of fixed pier. (6) Lock - up device bearing has advantage of isolation - effective. It is the ideal isolation bearings for railway bridges in high seismic intensity zone.

Research conclusions ： This paper summarizes the domestic and foreignnowadays construction technology of super large section tunnel， analyzes the mechanical behavior of tunnel constructive process， establishes measures of advanced support，support parameters of lining and constructive methods，the main conclusions are as follows ： (1) The construction of super large section tunnel in stratum of completely weathered granite with abundant water is difficult，high security risk and high cost， should be combined with specific conditions of tunnel engineering to develop practical supporting measures and construction methods. (2) To control primary support deformation and primary supporting measures conversion of super large section tunnel in stratum of completely weathered granite with abundant water， large wall foundation and multiple supporting measures are necessary* (3 ) In order to control deformation of soft stratum with abundant water， deformation and collapse of super large cross section tunnel， should adopt strong advanced reinforcement and reinforcement measures of tunnel face* (4) The relevant research results can provide reference for the design and construction of the super large section tunnel in soft stratum.

Research conclusions: ( 1 ) The safety coefficients of primary support of three steps and seven steps，CRD and double side heading method in applied in front of the secondary lining are 1.3，1. 4 and 2. 6，the temporary support minimum safety coefficients of CRD and double side heading tunnel method are 1. 2 and 1.9，and all can meet the construction safety. (2)The correlation between surface subsidence value and the loess nature is stronger，using three steps and seven steps and CRD excavation method surface subsidence value is more than 10 cm，double side heading method can control the surface subsidence value within 5 cm. (3 ) It is suitable to use three steps and seven steps excavation method in the large section loess tunnel of high - speed railway in the absence of any special. (4) The research result can provide reference for similar projects.

Research conclusions :(1) The objective reliability index is dominated by the smallest one of the whole possible failure modes. Partial coefficient can be calculated based on a given target reliability index. (2) Reliability index values are different when computed by different methods. Based on calculation methods and calculation example, contribution value method is considered more accurate, handy and practical when compared with the result from the other computational methods. Contribution value method is recommended as the best calculation way for the target reliability index for tunnel portal structure. (3) The processes of contribution value method for partial coefficient are described, and the mathematical description of the method is given clearly. Contribution value method is proved to be feasible through the calculation example. (4) Among five partial coefficients, the greatest impact to the limit state of tunnel portal structure is the partial coefficients of coefficient of earth pressure. So the study of statistical character for soil pressure should be enhanced. (5) The method for determining target reliability and partial coefficient of railway tunnel portal can directly be applied to the design of railway tunnel portal structure.

Research conclusions :(1) According to the failure models of railway tunnel portal structure，it is considered to be in series system. Reliability index and failure probability of structural systems are employed in quantitatively evaluating reliability of railway tunnel portal structure. An approximate method is a kind of simple and accurate computing way to calculate the reliability of railway tunnel portal structure. (2) An approach for reliability calculation method of railway tunnel portal structure is given，and demonstrated by examples. A calculation example shows the safe probability of end wall portal structure system of single track railway tunnel that allows the speed of 140 kir^h can be more than 99. 22%， and the main failure mode of structure system is overturning. (3) In this paper， the tunnel portal limit state design method can be directly used to guide the design of railway tunnel portal structure.

Research conclusions :(1) The stability of bad geological body in tunnel portal excavation has changed significantly, and the stability coefficient is reduced in different degree; (2 ) The monitoring results show that the comprehensive control measures such as anti slide pile, anchor cable anti slide pile and reinforced support in the bad geological body, the slope and the tunnel are all in a safe state, and the effect of treatments is good; ( 3 ) The research results can be applied to the similar engineering of tunnel crossing landslide, with strong reference and guiding significance.

Research conclusions :(1) The computational model of variable stiffness diaphragm wall could be built based on the double - row pile load mode， and the analyses of bearing capacity and deformation property for the variable stiffness diaphragm wall could be carried out. (2) Computational results indicate that the lateral displacement of variable stiffness diaphragm wall is only 1/3 of that for the single - row diaphragm wall. (3) The single - row diaphragm wall has many shortcomings，such as low lateral stiffness， high and unevenly distributed stress in the wall body， but the variable stiffness diaphragm wall can effectively overcome these shortcomings. (4) The research results show the validity and rationality of the proposed method in this paper， which may provide good reference value for similar engineering analyses.

Research conclusions :(1) The method using the average stress ratio as the removing index of the importance coefficient is feasible which shows that this method is not only suitable for frame structure，but also can be extended to long - span space structure. (2) Static analysis method is more feasible than dynamic analysis method， but may lead to more conservative results. (3) After the failure of the side arch column，side arch local regional failure occurred， large displacement and rotation angle bar appeared. This shows that side arch column is an important part of the structure and should focus on the protection of the side column in the use process. (4) Some bars of vault near central cantilever end rupture，but dont spread. So this section should be protected in the actual design. (5) The research result about the mode and mechanism of building continuous collapse，can provide a reference and guidance for the anti - explosion and design of the similar station buildings.

Research conclusions :(1) The metro station connection must be coordinate with the present situation and the future development of the city. (2) The type of station connection should be determined according to the practice. (3) Seizing the opportunity of metro construction， the government can establish a three - dimensional transportation system， and solve the problem of congestion nearby the center. (4) The research result can be applied to urban transportation planning.

Research conclusions: The results show that ： (1) The earthquake in Tianjin soft soil area is obvious，and the seismic action of soft soil is much larger than that of bedrock surface. (2) The structure of the underground station of Tianjin subway is considered as a flexible working stage. (3) Under the effect of the horizontal seismic force the structure form change of the standard two layer station and local three transfer station is in the most unfavorable position，the seismic condition may play a control role，so as to strengthen the weak component strength and improve the stmctural measures， and effectively improve the overall seismic perormance of subway station structure. (4) The research results can be applied to the seismic design of subway station structure in Tianjin area.

Research conclusions :(1) On the basis of the labor organizations， construction schedule and other parameters of domestic railway engineering typical sites， the subentry engineering comprehensive labor cost standard is calculated. (2) By distinguishing between technology intensive projects and labor intensive project，considering overseas efficiency reduction factor， the adjustment coefficients of subentry engineering quota artificial consumption are calculated. (3) According to the labor costs = S the comprehensive labor cost standard of subentry engineering X artificial consumption quota X quota consumption adjustment coefficient， the labor costs of overseas railway engineering budget design are calculated. (4) The research results are applied to the preparation of the overseas railway engineering design budget.