Research purposes: As an important in － suit testing method，cone penetration test has been accepted by more and more geotechnical engineers． The existing cone penetration application methods lack of theoretical analysis and verification of the empirical formula，often only use mathematical statistical methods to establish soil physical and mechanical parameters． This paper first analyzes the mechanism of cone penetration test in soft soils and discusses the affection of different soil physical and mechanical parameters to the cone penetration test． Moreover，verifying the empirical formulas between cone penetration parameters and soil engineering properties．
Research conclusions:Numerical simulation has been employed to perform cone penetration analysis for understanding of the soil behavior during cone penetration process． During static cone penetration process，most of the radial compression occurs within 1 － 2 times the probe diameter range ，the maximum radial stress occurs in the underside of parts of the probe cone． In the same cone penetration rate，with the increasing of stress ratio value M，the foundation soil vertical stress，shear stress，excess pore water pressure and specific penetration resistance ratio were gradually increasing; With the increasing of logarithmic bulk modulus λ ， the radial stress and vertical stress of the foundation soil were gradually increasing，the shear stress，excess pore water pressure and specific penetration resistance ratio were decreasing． Furthermore，the empirical formulas between cone penetration parameters and soil engineering properties in“Code for in － suit measurement of railway engineering geology”were coincident well with numerical simulation results． This paper has a useful reference to the theoretical and applied research in the field of in situ test for geotechnical．
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