Research purposes ： In order to study the cutting characteristics of pre - cutting machine witli diferent layout of tlie cutters，the finite element software was used and the simulation model of cutters breaking the rock witli four kinds of cutters , layouts was established. The process of multi - cutters , breaking the rock with different layout of the cutters was simulated. The horizontal load and the specific energy of cutters , breaking rock were analysed. Research conclusions ：( 1 ) The vertical resistance of the cutter is much less than the horizontal resistance when the cutters break therock. (2) At t!ie penetration of 6 mm，among the four kinds of cutters , layout，the average horizontal load of the cutter in scheme a which is 485 N is the minimum and the average horizontal load of the cutter in scheme d which is 548 N is the maximum. (3 ) The average horzontal loads of t!ie cutters in scheme b are the most even and the average horzontal loads of t!ie cutters in scheme a and scheme d are more uneven. (4) Overall，at the penetration of 4 mm，6 mm and 8 mm，the specific energy in scheme a is the minimum and the specific energy in scheme b is the maximum. The viration lawbetween the specific energy and the penetration is not obvious. (5) On the whole，scheme a is the best. This scheme has been initially tested on the pre - cutting machine and the cutting peformance was good. (6 ) The research results can provide references for the study of tunnel pre - cutting machine cutters , layout.