Abstract : Research purposes ： Grouting is important auxiliary measures of dealing with weak surrounding rock and groundwater in underground engineering construction，mainly hole - pre - grouting more in the tunnel construction，this method is time - consuming and high - cost，has a greater influence on the other normal process. By studying the surface vertical grouting design，material，process，inspection evaluation methods and standards，this method is applied to the engineering practice，good results have been achieved. Research conclusions：( 1) Compared with hole - pre - grouting in whole section，the surface vertical grouting has low difficulty of pore forming，more practicable grouting process，higher grouting reliability and little grouting effect on the hole excavation， at the same time， when tunnel excavation is abnormal， can be tracked by the surface grouting reinforcement. Taken together，under the ground conditions allow，the surface grouting has more advantages than of the hole - pre - grouting in whole section，high promotion value . (2) Under normal circumstances，when the tunnel buried depth is below 30 ?40 m，the surface vertical grouting cost of the hole - pre – grouting lower than the cost in whole section，grouting diffusion radius( grouting hole spacing) has a greater influence on the cost，the grouting combined with different project，can be taken to optimize the design of the grouting parameters，taking the surface vertical grouting construction, reduce the cost. (3) The research results can be applied to the tunnel grouting construction.