Abstract ： Research purposes ： The railway construction survey and design project management has strong dynamic characteristics. The risks in the process of project implementation are often influenced by environmental impact. The comprehensive risk management process should be implemented based on whole - life cycle perspective to reduce the losses caused by risks. The job of risk identification，risk measure and risk control can be taken effectively through rational designed risk management model. The project objectives can be successfully achieved through the above measures. Research conclusions:(1) The whole - life cycle risk management should organize risk management integration system platform，risk factor distribution and risk management process; ( 2 ) The risk distribution in the process of railway construction survey and design have significant volatility characteristic; ( 3 ) The construction of closed project risk management loop can improve the efficiency of collaborative work between risk management processes; ( 4 ) The conclusions of tliis paper have reference value for railway construction survey and design institutions.