Research conclusions:By studying risk management theory，the construction of the railway tunnel risk and the rail tunnel risk grading standards，the conclusions were as follows: (1) Rail tunnel risk index system can make the identification of the risk of future engineering practice changetoo simple，and the basic work can save a lot of repetitive and be difficult to miss some of the factors．(2) The process of risk assessment and management of the railway tunnel and rail tunnel risk grading standards provided a direction for further research and practical application in the future．