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1996 Vol. 13, No. 2
Published: 1996-02-16
 
1 EFFECTS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF GEOLOGY WORKS IN RAILWAY ENGINEERING OF CHINA
He Zhenning
There are complex topography and geology and many kinds of geology hazards in China. The geology works have important positions. The effects of geology words in railway engineering，including route selection，railway design, construction expense，transport safe?ty and so on，are discussed in this paper. The characteristics of geology works in technical idea，main study problem，technical method and developing tendency are also summed up.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 1-8 [Abstract] ( 2494 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (619 KB)  ( 58 )
9 VIEW ON RAILWAY ENGINEERING GEOLOGY COMPREHEN-SIVE EXPLORATION
Lo Chengmo
In this thesis,the purpose, characteristics,essentialness and work principle of the comprehensive exploration are discussed. By means of living examples, the thesis shows that the way of comprehensive exploration is effective in improving the quality，raising the effi?ciency and reducing the costs of railway enginerring geology exploration.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 9-14 [Abstract] ( 2547 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (404 KB)  ( 104 )
15 PAY GREAT ATTENTION TO PROBLEMS OF ENVIRONMEN?TAL GEOLOGY IN EXPLORING WATER RESOURCE
Gong Zhongyuan
The paper takes the water resource ground in Jiu—Xian village of Tai'an City as an example, discusses problems of environmental geology owing to overextracting of ground water in covered — type karst region, such as ground fracture, settlement, subsidence and house deformation, and describes main aspects and measures in exploring water resource ground.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 15-19 [Abstract] ( 2482 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (341 KB)  ( 135 )
20 RESEARCHES INTO STABILITY OF RAILWAY ROCK SLOPE
Xie Qiang Jiang Jueguang
In this paper, the stress feature and the interrelation between stress and failure in railway rock slope，which is excavated in different section，are analysed with numerical method. Based on a field investigation into 183 railway rock slopes，a system in which slope angle is calculated quantitatively and slope stability is evaluated according to rockmass quali?ty is built. The engineering, practices shown that the system is successful and effective. Fi?nally, an engineering practice of the analysis of slope stability and the location of bridge foundation is provided as an example，in which the slope on river bank is 250m in height and bears 12000t load of bridge pier.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 20-25 [Abstract] ( 2473 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (401 KB)  ( 172 )
26 GEOLOGICAL ALIGNMENT IN THE WEST SEGMENT OF DA?TONG -QINHUANGDAO RAILWAY LINE
Qiu Xiangkai Teng Bingyi Liu Shuming
There are several bad geological phenomena, such as:the mined—out areas, the storm of sand along the valley of Dayanghe River in west segment of Datong—Qiahuangdao t and the Beijing—Baotou Railway Line passes there situated on Yanshan Mountain subsidence belt. The Sangganhe River gorge with high mnimtains and rl.^ep valleys is v^ry complicated in geological structure. Varied harmful geological phenomena are widespread whether a bet?ter alignment could be chosen was the key that decided the west segment could be straight.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 26-35 [Abstract] ( 2500 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (710 KB)  ( 113 )
36 KARST FOUNDATION AT SHALLOW LAYER IN YAN — SHI RAILWAY
Wu Dafu
This paper systematically expresses the separation and lithological character of carbonatite and the various developmental degrees of shallow karst along the Yan—Shi Rail?way, According to the practice of construction，this paper also expresses the influence of shallow karst foundation on the engineering. Examples are given to explain the engineering measures which are used in bridges due to a shallow karst foundation in several developmen?tal conditions.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 36-40 [Abstract] ( 2498 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (340 KB)  ( 130 )
41 DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF NATURAL GEOLOGICAL FACTORS INFLUENCING ON STABILITY OF RAILWAY SLOPES
Qian Huiguo Li Junpeng Jiang Jueguang
In this paper，the three cases of railway slopes，i. e. the relation between the creep of rock and the stability of Dong Yong He slide, the rock weathering and the stability of K190 slope and the blasting and deformation of high slope, are discussed, it may be indicated that the change of natural geological factors which influence on the stability of the railway slopes is a dynamic process. In order to ensure the long — term stability of the railway slopes，the dynamic process of the change of natural geological factors must be considered.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 41-47 [Abstract] ( 2470 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (421 KB)  ( 126 )
48 DEVELOPMENT OF RAILWAY TUNNEL ENGINEERING GEOL?OGY IN CHINA
Wang Shichun Chen Guangzong He Faliang
In this paper,the structure geological environment and engineering petrofabric en?vironment of railway tunnel，the engineering geological characters and geological hazards of tunnel in different formation petrofabrics in China are discussed first of all. The main ad?vances in tunnel engineering geological science and technology in China are then introduced. Lastly，author^ opinions on focal points of funnel engineering geological sturiy in the near future in China are raised.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 48-54 [Abstract] ( 2547 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (484 KB)  ( 218 )
55 DEVELOPMENT TREND OF CONTEMPORARY RAILWAY TUN-NEL AND ITS GEOLOGICAL HAZARD CONTROL
Shi Wenhui
The paper has completely analyzed the current situation and the development trend of railway engineering at home and abroad based on numerous data of engineering prac?tices ；and discussed the types，mechanisms and jeopardies of main geological hazards encoun?tered in the consturction, operation and maintenance of the railway tunnel ； and then demon?strated the control countermeasures for the geological hazards of railway tunnel such as. the regional stability study, locating principles，advanced predication and treatment technique, and the key research subjects under the contemporary trend.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 55-62 [Abstract] ( 2492 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (580 KB)  ( 267 )
63 A STUDY OF INHOMOGENEOUS AND ANISOTROPIC PERME?ABILITY ON AQUIFEROUS TUNNEL-SURROUNDING ROCK
Yang Lizhong Huang Tao Zhong Shengjiun
In the prediction of gush water inistunnel, itis quite difficult to predict the gush water accurately due to the surrounding rock with obvious inhomogeneity and anisotropy. This paper, taking the Erpaipo Tunnel in the Nan—Kun Railway as an example, presents a new permeability tensor method to make an analysis and calculation of inhomogeneous and anisotropic permeability on the aquiferous tunnel —surrounding rock，It improves the accura?cy of prediction of the gush water source, site and quantity.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 63-69 [Abstract] ( 2508 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (444 KB)  ( 157 )
70 INQUIRY ON COEFICIENT OF GUSHING WATER QUANTITY OF KARST WATER TUNNEL
Deng Yiming
In China’s practice, it is commonly accepted that it conforms to the practice to prognosticate the tunnel gushing water quantity in karst area with equilibrium method ： Qc = V ? Ga ： (Qc：——tunnel gushing water quantity prognosticated ； Qs — seepage quantity of precip?itation seeped into the ground ； — coefficient of gushing water). But what still waits to be settled and perfected is that how much the seepage quantity {Qs) of the precipitation seeped in the ground is converted into the gushing water quantity CQc) ? This paper makes an infer?ence from the correlated relations in practice and puts forward a practicable and practical se?lection of coefficient of gushing water.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 70-74 [Abstract] ( 2511 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (290 KB)  ( 136 )
75 KARST ENGINEERING GEOLOGY FEATURES OF NANLING TUNNET ON HENGYANG - GUANGZHOU DOUBLE - TRACK LINE
Wu Zhisheng Du Xingguo
The main stratum the tunnel passes through is limestone of Carboniferous Series (Cl) of Palaeozoic Group, taking 95% of the total length. In the geological history, the karst development underwent a special process which was influenced by the tectogenesis, forming a unique karst featuie. The karst of this type fornis a series of special engineering geology problems.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 75-82 [Abstract] ( 2510 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (528 KB)  ( 110 )
83 MECHANISM OF BURST MUD AND SPRING WATER OF THE DAYAOSHAN TUNNEL
Xu Jichuan Huang Shaxia
The Dayaoshan Tunnel is located in the Nanling Mountains at the north part of Guangdong Province. It is the longest double — track railway tunnel in China with a total length 14. 295km. The burst mud and spring water occuried during the tunnel construction. According to the meteorological data for many years, the construction observation and the tectonic analysis，the authors calculated the maximum spring water yield of an adit and fore?cast the main spring water location in the karst region，considering that the karst spring wa?ter in the middle part of the tunnel is the confined ground water in a deep karst region， meanwhile the spring water in the quartz—sandstone area at the exit direction belongs to the type of the most abundant ground water in a fault zone. The spring water is separated by the fault 9，but also had some connection in a whole.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 83-89 [Abstract] ( 2485 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (409 KB)  ( 268 )
90 APPLICATION OF GEOLOGICAL COMPREHENSIVE SURVEY IN CHANGLIANGSHAN TUNNEL
Liao Yuanchun
Changliangshan Tunnel is an electric heavy—haul double—track railway tunnel of Shuozhou—Huanghua Railway. During surveying，we took a fairly good effect through ap-plying technology of geological comprehensive survey. This paper, at first，combined the en?gineering geological feature with the hydrogeological feature of tunnel area，and then set forth the content, working procedure, main proceeding and the effect of the comprehensive survey technology. Through the technology practised at Changliangshan Tunnel, several ba?sic experiences are summed upin final.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 90-94 [Abstract] ( 2558 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (367 KB)  ( 132 )
95 STOCHASTIC BACK ANALYSIS OF TUNNEL DEFORMATION ON LOAD-STRUCTURE MODEL
Zhu Yongquan Jin Shiting
A stochastic back analysis method of load — structure model is proposed to esti?mate load on tunnel lining according to the measured displacements. The spline interpolation function was calculated by the field measured displacements of key lining points and was used to replace approximately the real displacement function of tunneL The interpolation displace?ments of lining points can provide the necessary number of measured data in this back analy?sis. A case study on a tunnelling is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of this method.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 95-99 [Abstract] ( 2552 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (308 KB)  ( 82 )
100 ENGINEERING GEOLOGICAL FEATURES OF ZHONGLIANG- SHAN TUNNEL OF CHENGDU-CHONGQING HIGHWAY
Tu Zhengling
Zhongliangshan Tunnel of Chengdu-Chongqing expressway is the longest tunnel of opening highways in China, The engineering geological conriiuon is very complex. The thesis discusses the hydrogeological conditions and the discharge forecast，the engineering geological problems about karst，gas，collapse, etc, and the prevention and treatment steps. The dangerousness partition of karst collapse has been forecasted.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 100-112 [Abstract] ( 2481 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (850 KB)  ( 81 )
113 GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ROCKMASS STABILI?TY BEHAVIOURS OF THE F9 FAULT OF DAYAOSHAN TUNNEL
Deng Yiming Yu Liangji
Located at the middle and with an embedment up to 700m，the F9 fault is a re?gional trunk fracture. Being extremely complicated, it is the difficult point and the key to build the tunneL Based on the sufficient investigation and research，the paper concludes the tectonic characteristics, the structural characteristics, the behaviour characteristics and the deformation characteristics of the rockmass for F9 fault Therefore, the basis is provided for the tunnel design and construction. In view of different stability conditions of the F9 fault’s surrounding rock, different supporting systems are established and effective construction measures are taken.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 113-119 [Abstract] ( 2502 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (408 KB)  ( 100 )
120 STUDY ON MAIN PROBLEMS OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY OF A SPEC AIL—LONG TUNNEL IN CHINA
Zhao Yunheng Fen Minghai Cheng Shiun Li Changqing
Certain tunnel，the first special—long tunnel in North China，is 12. 78km long. It passes mainly through the purple—color soft sandrock and mudstone in Triassic or Dyas Sys?tems. The tunnel is obliquely crossed with gentle syncline. the tensile，tensile — twisting faults and structual joints are developed. Thus, its condition of hydrogeology is complicated.Themud surrounding rock has characteristic of expansibility. The gentle—slant rock may be landslip or drop, there may be some harmful gases, and the water and mud may ooze. At present，there is no well-considered and united method to appraise and forecast the expansi?bility of the mud surrounding rock and the complicated hydrogeology problems.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 120-128 [Abstract] ( 2444 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (593 KB)  ( 81 )
129 STUDY TO ENGINEERING GEOLOGICAL PROBLEMS ON EX-TRA-LONG RAILWAY BRIDGE OF POYANG LAKE
Wei Huanguo Xu Zailiang Zhou Zhengli
The extra-long bridge over Poyang Lake is a key engineering project controlling a railway line. Engineering geological condition is very complex. Through the comprehensive analysis and the study of data front the remote sensing，geological mapping, comprehensive geophysical-prospecting，drilling, present crustal deformation, modification of Poyang Lake and earthquake,etctthe distribution,scale and characters of the faults,the developed rule of Karst and the features of soft soil in the bridge site are expounded. It is considered that the present crustal movement is relatively steady in Hukou Area of Poyang Lake and the stability of the bridge site won’t be influenced by the new structuarl movement herein.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 129-135 [Abstract] ( 2489 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (486 KB)  ( 82 )
136 COMPREHENSIVE INVESTIGATION ON NANJING YANGTZE RIVER BRIDGE OF THE BEIJING-SHANGHAI HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY
Zhu Quanbao Xia Zhiai
The Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway which will be built in the near future is an important railway. During the site investigation of the Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge of this railway,the water area shallow seismic profile method and the land shallow seismic re?flection method are mainly employed. Based on the bridge comprehensive investigation exam?ple, the geophysical ex； oration,the drill method and their relationships are analysed in this paper.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 136-140 [Abstract] ( 2500 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (381 KB)  ( 147 )
141 KARST GEOLOGY SURVEY FOR AN EXTRA-LONG BRIDGE OF FENGZHUN RAILWAY LINE AND DISCUSSION ABOUT THE RULES OF KARST DEVELOPMENT
Miao Hongbuo Ye Zongrong
The extra-long bridge in a railway line from Fengzhun to Zhungeer is located in the gorge of Yellow River in Inner Mongolian Loess Plateau. Karst is the main problem af?fecting the stability of the bridgebase. The main achievement made through several effective methods such as the in-drilling radiowave transimission，the geological mapping and the drilling are introduced，The rules of karst development in North China are also probed here。
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 141-145 [Abstract] ( 2502 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (346 KB)  ( 75 )
146 HYDRO-ACOUSTIC EXPLORATION AND ITS APPLICATION IN WATER INVESTIGATION ON EXTRA-LONG BRIDGE
Xia Zhiai Li Guangyao
This thesis expounds the principle and the working method of the Hydro-Acoustic Exploration(HAE), From three aspects ?the achievements of the application of HAE in prac-tical water investigation of major bridge engineering are introduced.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 146-149 [Abstract] ( 2427 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (335 KB)  ( 64 )
150 APPLICATIONS OF RIVER TOPOGRAPHY TO RAILWAY IN-VESTIGATION
He Zhenning
Topography is a science of study, the dynamic effects of surface shape in rock sphere. In this paper,it is introduced that the geology conditions and the regularities of the geology hazards in its occurrence，development and distribution can be understood by analysing the development stage of river,river terrace，longitudinal valley shape，plane shape evolvement of river,erosion datum,etc,so as to improve the investigation quality of railway engineering.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 150-154 [Abstract] ( 2452 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (385 KB)  ( 64 )
155 CHARACTERISTICS AND GENESIS MODEL OF THERMAL MIN-ERAL WATER IN MUGECUO SCENIC SPOT AT KANGDING OF SICHUAN PROVINCE
Liu Dan
Based on hydrogeochemical principle and method，the paper discusses the essential characteristics of the thermal mineral water，including: 1)hydrogeology activity pattern； 2) thermal reservoir feature and 3)formation and change of hydrochemical compostition. It is in?dicated from the preliminary analysis that the intensity of the hydrothermal activity progres?sively decrease from south to north，obviously appearing as the water temperature drop，the spring sedimentdecrease, PH value change from alkaline to neutrality and the relevant water quality change. Combined with the spring sediment，the thermal reservior temperature is esti?mated at 165 — 180°c using Si02 temperature scale. The authors prove the formation and change of the hydrochemical composition to explain the difference of the hydrothermal activi?ty and its genesis model is presented in Mugecuo Scenic Spot.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 155-162 [Abstract] ( 2449 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (546 KB)  ( 172 )
163 PRESENT SITUATION OF RAILWAY DEEP-CUT LANDSLIDE AND MEASURES FOR MAKING URGENT REPAIR ON RAIL?WAY
Liu Baoxing
The report consists of two parts. The first part is about the harmfuness caused by the railway deep-cut landslide in China and the rush-repair in the site. It shows the main problem on first-aid repair. The second part expounds the main measures which must bestu- died and solved in earth-deaning craft，equipment，and firming collapsed objects temporarily in order to shorten the time of breaking the driving. It also gives the scheme and technical ba?sis for first-aid repair in the site according to the different situations.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 163-168 [Abstract] ( 2546 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (418 KB)  ( 131 )
169 CONTRIBUTING PACTORS AND CONTROL OF KARST GROUND SUBSIDENCE IN TAIWAN SECTION OF TIANJING-PUKOU RAIL?WAY LINE
Zeng Jingdao Zhang Juxian
Based on the dara of exploration and the control of karst ground subsidence in Tai’an section of Tianjing-Pukou railway line, the paper analyzes the contributing factors of ground subsidence and proposes a regional division standard of stability for this engineering project,discusses the synthetic control combining the karst grouting with the flyover,and de?scribes the specific requirement of grouting design and construction in karst regions. The op?eration practise in several years has proved that the control measures are effective.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 169-175 [Abstract] ( 2520 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (501 KB)  ( 131 )
176 DEVELOPMENTS OF DISASTER MITIGATION TECHNIQUE A-GAINST DEBRIS FLOW ALONG CHINESE RAILWAY LINES
Shen Shouchang Wang Wei
The developments of disaster mitigation technique against debris flow along Chi?nese railway lines are described briefly in this paper. For the hard countermeasures ,the suit?able conditions，the disaster mitigation functions and the economic efficiencies of the pretec- tive works (drainage ditches, dams and debris diversion aqueducts)are analysed and conclud?ed; for the soft countermeasures, the existing disaster mitigation management method is also discussed. Finally,the authors present their opinions about what should be studied in the fu?ture.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 176-181 [Abstract] ( 2443 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (484 KB)  ( 155 )
182 SYNTHETICAL PRDEICTION OF LANDFALL AND ROCKFALL
Hu Houtian
In this paper synthectical prediction was conducted for space prediction on land?fall and rockfall of two administrative levels. On the basis of investigative and statistic data， this paper first presents macroscopical regional prediction of landfall and rockfall by statistics method of information quantity，then predicts microscopical stability grade to find sites of landfall and rockfall by the synthesis judgement method of fuzzy. The results coincide with the actual condition of landfalls and rockfalls fairly well showing the feasibility of the method.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 182-190 [Abstract] ( 2451 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (548 KB)  ( 144 )
191 THE MATTER ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF DANGEROUS DE?GREE FOR GEOLOGICAL DISEASE ON RAILWAY HIGHWALL
Bai Zhiyong
A method by using matter element analysis was applied. It divided dangerous de?gree of geological disease of railway highwall into three kinds，and counted related function of each judging index for various diseases. The weighted value of each index was calculated based on exponential super-standard and the comprehensive related degree between indexes with each disease was counted according to weighted formula. Last,it gave 6 evaluation for the dangerous degree according to judging standard. The results of evaluation is identical with judged results of experts at scene.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 191-196 [Abstract] ( 2450 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (303 KB)  ( 153 )
197 PREDICTION FOR HUANGCI LANDSLIDE AND ITS THEORY AND METHOD
Xu Junling Liao Xiaoping Li Hesheng
Huangci Landslide with large scale and complicated conditions，was located in Yongjing County,Gansu Province of China. By using varous monitoring measures systemati?cally, the abrupt sliding time was predicted exactly based on the deformation power of slide body and the creep rupture of landslide. A set of theory and method for predicting the abrupt sliding time of a landslide and some useful conclusions were proposed in the present paper.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 197-205 [Abstract] ( 2484 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (617 KB)  ( 156 )
206 RESEARCH ON ANCHOR TECHNIQUE AGAINST LANDSLIDE OF LOESS MASS
Wang Quancai Li Chuanzhu Zhao Shuchang
The defects of landslide of loess mass are the important natural diseases which in?jure the safety of humanity. The countermeasures against the landslide of loess mass are very difficult due to its wide distribution，rapid speed of its deformation and its serious harmful?ness. Based on the large-scale experimental practices in field and combined with the speciali?ties of the landslide itself，the paper researches and discusses the technique of raising the an?chor force for loess mass,the law of transmitting the action of anchor force in the landslide of loess and the problems concerned with the structural design of the new type anchor eagineer。
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 206-210 [Abstract] ( 2510 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (276 KB)  ( 122 )
211 RAILWAY ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND CONSTRUCTION PRACTICE AT PLATEAU REGIONS OF SOUTHWEST CHI-NA——ALONG NANNING-KUNMING RAILWAY LINE AS EX AMPLE
Lu Yulong
The Nanning-Kunniing Railway has a total length 863km passing through the Yun-Gui Plateau with a relative difference of height 2000m. As the topography along this railway line are greatly up and down，the construction works are extremely difficult with so much section's having continuous bridges and tunnels. The straturns of different Period from the later Proterozoic Era to the Cenozoic Era expose everywhere. The area is situated at the southwest edge of the Yangtze quasi-platform with crowded distribution of faults，long ac?tive fracture sections, 9-degree earthquake regions and special varied geology and geological structures，etc. As the railways cross through this area, there are plenty geological diseases. Especially，passing through a 400m calcareous section with highly growing soluable karst. rocks,large amount of special engineering designs are needed for constructing bridges,tun?nels and subgrades. Furthmore,there is a long section of expansive rocks with strong expan-sivity ,which renders the subgrade and other construction works very difficult. Concerned with the above geological diseases，the route selection designs and the effective countermea?sures are described and discussed in this paper.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 211-220 [Abstract] ( 2489 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (695 KB)  ( 119 )
221 GEOLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS OF EXPANSIVE ROCK AND CUT SLOPE ENGINEERING IN BAISK BASIN
Jiang Zhongxin
According to the experiments and research and the engineering practices，the paper summarizes the geologic characteristics of early tertiary expansive rock,i.e. expansivetcata- clastic and low strength along the Nanning-Kunming Railway in Baise Basin of the Guangxi Province，and analyses the harm of these characteristics to the cut slope engineering and the rule of deformation of the cut slope of the expansive rock. By comparison，the design and con-structing principles of the cut slope engineering of the expansive rock are recommended。
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 221-230 [Abstract] ( 2438 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (506 KB)  ( 168 )
231 PRELIMINARY STUDY OF DISTINGUISHING AND CLASSIFYING ON SWELL ROCK
Wen Jiangquan Han Huizeng
As swell rock has more complex qualities,no unified criterion is made in its distin?guishing and classifying. Based on the analyses of indexes such as maximum expansion mea-surement, critical expansion force, free expansion rate, drying saturated moisture absorption rate and so on,which show the expansion characteristic of swell rock, a preliminary method and judgement criterion on sedimentary mashed swell rock’s distinguishing and classifying is proposed in this paper.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 231-237 [Abstract] ( 2446 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (425 KB)  ( 212 )
238 DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENTS AND PRECIPITATION FA?CIES AND ENGINEERING GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF PEAT SOILS IN YUNNAN PLATEAU
Huang Jun Jiang Zhongxin Liu Jinghua
This paper probes into the depostitional environments and precipitation facies and engineering geological characters of the peat soils in YunNan Plateau. The results show that the peat soils in YunNan Plateau deposited mainly in bad-drained structural basin by lake and marsh from time of later Pleistocene Epoch. Compare with soft clay soils，the microgeo- logical characters and the engineering geological characters are very bad, the peat soils are very soft soils.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 238-247 [Abstract] ( 2500 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (659 KB)  ( 88 )
248 ENGINEERING GEOLOGY OF FRACTURED ZONE AND ITS COUNTERMEASURES
Lu Yulong
The fractured zone where the geological diseases are highly concentrated is the most weak zoae of the rock mass. The engineering works at these mountainous regions are deeply affected. Therefore，the fractured zone is a 3 out-of-control zone where the out-of-con?trol of cost，time limit and engineering quality occurred extremely easy. This paper is the summary of the researching works concerned with the surveying design,construction and op?eration.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 248-255 [Abstract] ( 2465 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (608 KB)  ( 93 )
256 SPECIALITIES AND ENGINEERING BEHAVIOURS ALONG LONGITUTINAL CROSS-SECTIONS OF UNDERGROUND RIVERS IN NA-LAI MOUNTAINOUS AND DEPRESSED REGIONS ON NANNING-KUNMING RAILWAY LINE
Jiang Zhongxin
In the Na-Lai mountainous and depressed regions of the Nanning-Kunming Rail?way Line 9there are five underground rivers at Ganziping, Hongbujing, Baizhanmao?Huadiwan and Xiapogang respectively. Along the longitudinal cross-sectins of these rivers，the geologi?cal specialities are analyzed, its influences on the comparison and selection of a set of tunnels are discussed，and thus the optimum schemes of tunnel design have been determined.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 256-263 [Abstract] ( 2565 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (506 KB)  ( 124 )
264 THE FIRST RALWAY LINE THROUGH DESERT IN CHINA
Liu Deji
The paper describes the Baotou-Lanzhou Railway Line which goes through the moving high barchan dunes and barchan dune range near Shapotou. The meteorological fac?tors ,dune types and sand moving regulation are controled by field investigation and research station observation. All kinds of machineries，biological protection and materials test were done on tested subgrade. According to summary 6f the tests the railway design and construc-tion were completed with the principle of integrating each other of transporting，stopping and stabilizing. After the line was opened into operation，drawing water to planting has been done by local and scientific units，the area along the line has now become a green belt crossing desert,the railways is always in good operation state. Many scholars over the world go there to visit.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 264-271 [Abstract] ( 2491 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (504 KB)  ( 73 )
272 THE FIRST RAILWAY LINE THROUGH SALT-LAKE IN CHINA
Long Jin Yong
This paper intruduces the first railway across the salt-lake in China. By resoviing some important technological problems on construction road through the salt-lake and salin- ized soil area，such as the salt-lake development,salty rock strength and stability,effect on the salt-lake by streams,whether ultra-chloric salty soil can be used as filling and the salt in?crustation can be rooted，etc,the subgrade has been built up successfully,it is in good condi?tion by practice.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 272-278 [Abstract] ( 2498 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (504 KB)  ( 118 )
282 APPLICATION OF ISOTOPIC TRITUM(3H) METHOD TO PRE- DICT UNDERGROUND WATER SUPPLY AMOUNT
Zhu Dail Li Qiufeng
In hydrogeology survey of railway engineering，the method using isotopic tritum (3H) to understand the formed ages and supply characteristics of underground water,and to predict the permanent discharge of tunnel and supply amount of water resource,was testified available in local engineering. The isotopic tritium(3H)method is a new technics In spite of its complex theory,the method is thotlght to be simple and the result has a higher believable degree. Operation in site’analysis and its calculation method for local engineering are intro?duced in this paper.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 282-291 [Abstract] ( 2454 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (520 KB)  ( 110 )
292 ENGINEERING GEOLOGY INVESTIGATION IN MOUNTAIN AREA BY CROOKED LINE SEISMIC REFLECTION SURVEY
Pan Ruilin Liu Yuqian
The techniques of the crooked line seismic reflection engineering geology investi?gation which include crooked line design,Heta acquisition.data processing,data explaining, and so on and two examples are introduced in this paper based on the principle of common depth cell stacking.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 292-299 [Abstract] ( 2429 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (561 KB)  ( 105 )
300 STUDY ON TECHNIQUE OF CONSOLIDATING AND REINFORC?ING THE EXISTING ROAD BED FOR GUANGSHEN QUASI- HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY
Liu Baoxing
According to the technical demands, some sections of the existing road bed in Guang-shen quasi-high-speed railway should be consolidated and reinforced. Guang-shen rail?way is very busy. So it is difficult in technique to reinforce the road bed under the regular driving. If limiting speed or closing the railway，it must cause a great economic loss. This re?port expounds the experimental study all-sidedly on how to solve these problems and its ap?plication effect.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 300-306 [Abstract] ( 2475 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (461 KB)  ( 121 )
307 APPLICATION OF TECHNOLOGY ON USING DJM FOR REIiN- FORCE SOFT SOIL FOUNDATION
Sun Shaofeng Dong J infang
The mechanism, design, quality test and application effect of reinforcing soft soil by DJM are introduced in this paper through the railway engineering for a Qingdao oil depot. The practices prove that the reinforcement of soft soil by DJM is successful.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 307-310 [Abstract] ( 2443 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (255 KB)  ( 67 )
311 APPLICATION OF DRY JET MIXING METHOD AND DISCUS?SION ON SOME RELATED PROBLEMS
Bai Risheng
This paper describes the application situations of DJM in China,including ： the de?velopmental situations of this tech. in China ； cffects of DJM piles (DJMP) ； the soil suitable for the application of DJM 5the behaviour of different materials mixed with the soil 5merits of DJM tech. ,etc. As for some theoretical problems of composite foundation design of DJMP， the author puts forward his views from the viewpoint of theory and practice.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 311-318 [Abstract] ( 2472 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (599 KB)  ( 139 )
319 TALKING ON THE PRACTICAL DESIGN METHOD OF DRY JET MIXING BULKHEAD ON SOFT FOUNDATION
Xie Shubin
When the body force is put into account，for a cantilever retaining wall with a thickness (B) equal to a gravity retaining wall，both the internal force (a) in the section of the wall body at the excavation depth (D) and the basal stress of a gravity retaining wall with a zero embedment may be expressed with the same formula,especially when the eccentric dis?tance The paper presents that the wall of a dry jet mixing pile (DJMP) with certain embedment (H) has both the mechnical properties of the above retaining walls. It is assumed that the pile wall is a rigid body and the paper puts forward a practical design and calculation method for DJMP by means of atr m,f method which considers the foundation，selastic resis-tance and an elastic theoretical formula.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 319-324 [Abstract] ( 2495 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (402 KB)  ( 146 )
325 RAILWAY ENGINEERING GEOPYSICAL EXPLORATION PRO-GRESSING IN TECHNOLOGY IMPROVEMENT
Yuqian Pan Ruilin
That the applications of engineering geophysical exploration to and railway engi?neering ,such as tunnel, bridge, roadbed,station, hazard geology and hydrogeology, and so on are successful and practicable,and that engineering geophysical exploration is able method are proved through many examples in this paper.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 325-329 [Abstract] ( 2461 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (403 KB)  ( 138 )
330 FUNCTION OF REMOTE SENSING ON EVALUATION AND PRE-VENTION OF CHINA RAILWAY GEOLOGICAL CALAMITITS
Zhou Baoxi
ln this paper, the harmfulness of engineering-geological calamities to railway is discussed，and the advantages of remote sensing technique in investiga ing geological calami?ties of railway are presented. Effects of using remote sensing technique to evaluate engineer?ing geological calamities of railway are depicted and illustrated by examples of investigating landslides, collapses and debris flows, and taking a dynamic analysis of them in the sections from Shawan to Lugu of the Chengkun Railway and from Baoji to Tianshui of the Longhai Railway.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 330-335 [Abstract] ( 2473 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (425 KB)  ( 106 )
336 APPLICATION OF COMPREHENSIVE GEOHYSICAL PROSPECTING TO THE ENGINEERING RECONNAISSANCE IN THE ENORMOUS RAILWAY BRIDGE OVER THE POYANG LAKE
Li Wei Li Zhihua Ren Chunshan Fang Qingli
The place of the enormous railway bridge over the Poyang Lake is to be located in the entrance of the Poyang Lake to the Changjiang River, Because of very complicated geo?logical environment and quite developmental faulted structure in this area,it is very impor?tant for selecting and contrasting these plans for the bridge’s place to use geological explo?ration, It is geophysical prospecting that is one of the major way of comprehensive geological prospecting，we rationally and effectively applied comprehensive geophysical prospecting， have searched out the pattern of rock properties and geologic structure distribution by apply?ing various methods of geophysics，and the result of the geophysical prospecting have been verified perfectly by the drilling，having obtained^ good effectiveness,so the superiority of comprehensive geological prospecting and geophysical prospecting have been abundantly re?vealed ,the importance and necessity of comprehensive analysis and interpretation are also narrated by combining with examples in this paper.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 336-342 [Abstract] ( 2562 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (515 KB)  ( 104 )
343 APPLICATION OF GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION IN THE SUR?VEY OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND HYDROGRAPHIC GE?OLOGY OF LANDSLIDE
Ma Zenglun
Based on the examples and special research achievements，the paper gives details on the application of geophysical exploration method in the survey of engineering geology and hydrographic geology water distribution,relationship between alimentation and drainage,hy?draulic relations of landslide，geophysical feature of landslide stratum, landslide geology structure and sliding problem by multi-electric exploration method. For the first time, the paper proposes that the trend slide surface and "structure core"of rock high slope can be de?terminated and devided by multi-analysis result of geophysical exprolation. Finally,the paper summarizes the application condition of stability evaluation of engineering geology and hy?drographic geology of different kinds of landslides by geophysical exploration method and makes evaluation on its practicality feconomy fexisting problem and development.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 343-351 [Abstract] ( 2513 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (645 KB)  ( 290 )
352 APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING GEOLOGICAL INVESTI-GATION ON THE CONSTRUCION OF NAN-KUN RAILWAY
Zhou Baoxi Li Haiming Li Guangwei
The article briefly introduces the application of remote sensing technology on geo?logical surveying and construction of Nan-Kun Railway,and by actual example,illustrates the effect of applying remote sensing technology. The conclusion is that under specific condition， it is beneficial to use remote sensing technology in the railway construction stage. At the same time f it points out that in this stage，it is conditional to use the remote sensing，but shouldn’t take the method blindly.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 352-358 [Abstract] ( 2484 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (419 KB)  ( 125 )
359 FUNCTION OF REMOTE SENSING ON ENGINEERING GEO-LOGICAL SELECTION OF RAILWAY LINE
Ge Qingping
The technology of remote sensing has an excellent effect on the engineering geo?logical selection of railway line，especially，it has uncomparable advantages in the zones with important engineering and complex geological conditions. The main engineering geological conditions in the area where the railway goes through, important bad geological sites which control the route project and the effect of special geological phenomena on the line can be i?dentified efficiently and quickly within a wider zone，because the remotely sensed images have a wide view and rich information and the interpretation of them is carried on indoor. This method can not only prevent any value line project from being omitted,but also provide suffi?cient geological information for the comparison and selection of route projects.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 359-362 [Abstract] ( 2483 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (291 KB)  ( 121 )
363 EVALUATED SYSTEM FOR THE RAILWAY ENGINEERING GE-OLOGY IN LOESS AREA
Qiao Ping Wang Yunpeng Wang Deyin Zhao Jianfeng Xu Changyun
With wide use of computer technic,new mathematics achievements spread quickly in the research and production of the loess and obvious effect has been obtained. With com?puter?the author tries to analyse and evaluate the problems of railway engineering geology in loess area. Because of the strip distribution,a long railway may meet different questions in different areas. Thus,in stead of researching the ealuated proble, of loess in someone area， the author begins with the common characteristics of loess,sums up the charateristic,evalu?ated methods and ways of all kinds of loess,founds the data base on railway engineering geol?ogy in loess area,imitates the process in which experts evaluate the railway site in loess ares. And a computer evaluated system is made at last. The train of thought，basement and method of the evaluated system are imtroduced in this article,and some suggestions are given in the end.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 363-370 [Abstract] ( 2492 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (485 KB)  ( 123 )
371 STUDY ON THE GEOLOGICAL HAZARD INFORMATION SYS?TEM OF BAOJI-TIANSHUI RAILWAY
Li Guangwei Wu Weilu
Landslide,collapse and mud-rock flow are most common geological hazards inter?fering with mountain railway traffic. Taking Baoji-Tianshui railway as study area, the proce?dure and method of investigating railway geological hazards with airborne remote sensing techniques are discussed in this paper. The 187 hazard sites have been discovered in the study ares. The authors summarize the technical methods about building up railway geological haz?ard information system with ARC/INFO > and further expound some technical matters relat?ing to building data base,inquiring,analysing model and mapping of hazards.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 371-377 [Abstract] ( 2495 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (373 KB)  ( 69 )
378 EXPERT SYSTEM FOR PREDICTING KARST HAZARDS EN-COUNTERED IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF TUNNELS OR UN-DERGROUND OPENINGS
Zhang Qing Tian Shengfeng
When a tunnel or any other type of underground opening is excavated in a carbon?ate rock area,lots of hazards due to the existence of karst such as the outburst of karst wa?ter, quick inflow of sand,opening collapese^etc. may possibly be met.This paper describes an expert system developed on the basis of the experineces from Chinese experts in the field of karst sciences,with the prediction of this kind of hazards as its target. As a decision support system,the prediction system can provide policymakers with the information about those haz?ards they have to consider in the processes of site determination, design and construction of underground projects so that they can avoid faults as far as possible, save investments and complete the project punctually. This system has been primarily verified by experts. In addition to the applications in railway tunnel construction，it can also be applied to hydraulic structures or underground mining for karst hazard prediction.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 378-385 [Abstract] ( 2508 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (478 KB)  ( 117 )
386 PRELIMINARY RESEARCH ON AN EXPERT SYSTEM FOR LANDSLIDE EXTRACTION
Zhang Changxin Zhang Fentong Kan Jingling Wan Guizhen
According to remote sensing image feature of landslide extraction, we have built an expert system through combining expert’s experience on this domain. During reasoning, the system utilizes fuzzy method to establish subordinate function between factor. This expert syste is programed by C language,and can be operated on IBM or other com- pitable computers.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 386-391 [Abstract] ( 2466 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (358 KB)  ( 204 )
392 COMPUTER ANALYSIS FOR REMOTE SENSING IMAGE OF FAULT STRUCTURE
Wu jingkun Zhang Changxin Wang Zhenyu Cai Jungang Wang Aijun
With the development of remote sensing technology，the conventional manual ap?proach for image interpretation can not meet the increasing needs of more and more informa?tion. So as a substitution of manual approach,an automatic image interpretation has to be adopted. Taken expert system as the guide，digital image processing and pattern recognition technique as the methods,an semi-automatic recognition expert system of fault structure is developed in the way of combined man-machne interaction in this paper. The expert system is completed on IBM-PC with C language.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 392-399 [Abstract] ( 2534 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (483 KB)  ( 94 )
400 STUDY ON THE METHOD OF THE SATURATED SILT LIQUE-FACTION BY CPT PARAMETERS
Xin Hong-chang Hu Yong-wei
From the point of view that the silt has twofold character of sand and cohesive clay,aimed at the saturated liquefied under the seismic loading，distinguishing with the cone penetration test parameters (core resistance qc，side friction fs , ratio Rf between side friction and cone resistance),the upper and lower limit discriminiant of liquefaction distinguishing is established and liquefying boundary of saturated lilt is defined in this paper. Its distinguish?ing success probability is to 85. 3% which is verified by 75 groups in the different seismic in?tensive regions.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 400-404 [Abstract] ( 2473 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (304 KB)  ( 85 )
405 APPLICATION STUDY OF IN-SITU TOTAL PRESSURE CELL
Du Wenshan
The paper describes the test principle and the testing method of Total Pressure Cell(TPC). The in-situ K0 value of the soil mass is inferred by means of the total horizontal pressure measured by the in-situ TPC in a project, and the test results are compared with both the empiric estimate and the value of lab Ka oedometer test. In the paper,the coefficient of in-situ horizontal consolidation is also inferred by means of relaxation test of Total Pres?sure Cell and Terzaghi consolidation theory and the test results are compared with the test value of the lab test and the pore pressure sounding dissipation test.
1996 Vol. 13 (2): 405-412 [Abstract] ( 2511 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (458 KB)  ( 156 )
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